Kufanele ube uchwepheshe osezingeni eliphezulu
Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC ahlanganisa ukubhoboza, ukugaya, ukubhora, ukulungisa kabusha, ukuthepha, nezinye izinqubo. Ukufunda ngobuchwepheshe phakathi kochwepheshe kuphezulu kakhulu. Izinhlelo ze-CNC ziyinqubo yokusebenzisa ulimi lwekhompyutha ukukhombisa ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula. Ubuchwepheshe buyisisekelo sokuhlela. Udinga ukuqonda ubuchwepheshe ukuze uhlele.
Ukukhetha umsebenzi wokusika imishini kusho ukuthi izinsuku zokuqala zemboni zizoba yinselele. Onjiniyela bemishini bangochwepheshe abanolwazi. Ukuze ufanelekele le ndima, kufanele uchithe isikhathi eshabhu usebenzisa izinsimbi zokugaya, imishini yokugaya, izigayo, izikhungo zomshini, njll. Uzodinga futhi ukuhlanganisa izinqubo, ukulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwempahla, futhi ubale izabelo ehhovisi.
Kubalulekile ukujwayela ukusebenza kwamathuluzi emishini ahlukahlukene kanye namazinga wamakhono ongcweti beshabhu. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-2-3 yokusebenza, ungaba izisebenzi zenqubo eziqeqeshiwe. Funda ngokuvulelekile kubasebenzi kanye nezingcweti njengoba isipiliyoni sabo seminyaka engamashumi eminyaka singakusiza ugweme izindlela eziningi eziphambukayo. Lolu lwazi alunakutholwa ezincwadini. Ukukhetha izinqubo kuhilela ukucatshangelwa okuphelele kwamakhono emishini namakhono obuchwepheshe abasebenzi. Ngokusekelwa nokwethenjwa kwabasebenzi, ungenzakala ukuthi ube uchwepheshe wenqubo oncomekayo. Ngaleso sikhathi eside kangaka sokufunda nokuqongelela, kufanele ufinyelele amazinga obuchwepheshe alandelayo kanye nezidingo:
1. Ukuqonda ukwakheka kanye nezici zenqubo yokubhola, ukugaya, ukubhora, ukugaya, kanye nemishini yokuhlela.
2. Ukuqonda ukusebenza kwezinto ezicutshungulwayo.
3. Ulwazi oluyisisekelo oluqinile lwethiyori yamathuluzi, ukuphatha inani elivamile lokusika lamathuluzi, njll.
4. Ukujwayelana nezicaciso zenqubo, imihlahlandlela, kanye nezidingo ezijwayelekile zokucubungula inqubo ehlukahlukene kanye nemizila yenqubo yezingxenye ezivamile. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo okunengqondo kanye nezilinganiso zesikhathi sabasebenzi, njll.
5. Ukuqoqa inani elithile lolwazi ngamathuluzi, amathuluzi omshini, namazinga omshini. Ikakhulukazi, ukujwayelana nohlelo lwamathuluzi asetshenziselwa amathuluzi omshini we-CNC.
6. Ukuqonda ukukhethwa nokugcinwa kwezinto ezipholile.
7. Ukuba nokuqonda okujwayelekile kwezinhlobo ezihambisanayo zomsebenzi, isibonelo, ukusakaza, ukucubungula ugesi, ukwelashwa kokushisa, njll.
8. Ukuba nesisekelo esiqinile kuma-fixtures.
9. Ukuqonda izidingo zomhlangano kanye nezidingo zokusebenzisa izingxenye ezicutshunguliwe.
10. Ukuba nesisekelo esiqinile kubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa.
Ichwepheshile ezinhlelweni ze-CNC nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe yekhompyutha
Kuneziqondiso ezimbalwa kuphela zokuhlela, futhi izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene ziyefana. Ngokuvamile, kuthatha izinyanga ezingu-1-2 ukujwayelana kakhulu. Isofthiwe yokuhlela ezenzakalelayo iyinkimbinkimbi kancane futhi idinga ukumodela ukufunda. Nokho, kubantu abanesisekelo esiqinile se-CAD, kulula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuwuhlelo lwezandla, ukuqonda kahle ijometri yokuhlaziya kuyadingeka! Empeleni, izinga lohlelo oluhle lithi:
1. Kulula ukuqonda nokuhlela, futhi bonke opharetha bangakuqonda.
2. Iziqondiso ezimbalwa esigabeni sohlelo, ziba ngcono, ngenjongo yokulula, ukusebenza, nokwethembeka. Ngokombono wokuhlela, imiyalelo yi-G00 kanye ne-G01 kuphela, kanti eminye iyiziqondiso ezisizayo, ezibekelwe ukwenza kube lula ukuhlela.
3. Ukulungiswa okulula. Kungcono ukugcina uhlelo lufana lapho i-cnc ngokwezifiso machiningukunemba kokucubungula ingxenye kudinga ukucutshungulwa kahle. Isibonelo, uma ithuluzi ligugile futhi lidinga ukulungiswa, shintsha ubude nerediyasi kuthebula le-offset lamathuluzi.
4. Ukusebenza okulula. Ukuhlelwa kufanele kuhlanganiswe ngokuvumelana nezici zokusebenza zethuluzi lomshini, elivumela ukubhekwa, ukuhlolwa, ukukalwa, ukuphepha, njll. Isibonelo, uhlelo luhluke ngempela, lunengxenye efanayo kanye nokuqukethwe okufanayo kokucubungula kumashini okuqondile. isikhungo kanye nokucutshungulwa kwesikhungo semishini esivundlile. Ekucutshungulweni kwemishini, indlela elula iyona engcono kakhulu.
Unekhono ekusebenziseni amathuluzi omshini we-CNC
Leli khono ngokuvamile lidinga iminyaka engu-1-2 yokufunda. Kungumsebenzi owenziwa ngezandla odinga ukuthinta okuzwelayo. Nakuba abasaqalayo bengase bayayazi ithiyori, ukwazi ukusebenzisa okungokoqobo kuyinselele. Ukuze uphumelele kule ndawo, kufanele ube nekhono ekusebenzeni kwesistimu, ukufakwa kwesakhiwo, ukuqondanisa izingxenye, amasethi amathuluzi, izilungiselelo zesinxephezelo se-zero offset kanye nobude bamathuluzi, kanye nezilungiselelo zesinxephezelo serediyasi, kanye nokufakwa nokuthulula ithuluzi nesiphathi samathuluzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzodinga ukubamba amathuluzi okugaya kanye namasu okulinganisa ingxenye, okuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa ama-vernier caliper, ama-micrometer, izinkomba zokudayela, nezinkomba zangaphakathi zeleva yobubanzi. Imisebenzi enzima kakhulu itholakala ezikhungweni zemishini ezivundlile kanye ne-gantry enkulu (imishayo ehambayo, imishayo ephezulu) izikhungo zomshini.
Ukuba nekhono kuleli khono kudinga ukuqonda okujulile. Ngokuvamile, inqubo kusukela ekucutshungulweni kwengxenye yokuqala kuya ekuzuzeni ukunemba kokucubungula okudingekayo kuwumthwalo wemfanelo kachwepheshe wohlelo lwe-CNC. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ithuluzi lomshini ngokunemba ukuze ufinyelele kuleli zinga lobungcweti.
Kufanele ibe nesisekelo esihle sezinto ezilungiswayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulinganisa
Ukulungiswa nobuchwepheshe bokulinganisa bubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yokucubungula ingxenye kanye nokunemba kwamathuluzi omshini. Ziphinde zibonise izinga lekhono labasebenzi benqubo. Konkecnc inqubo yokukhiqizaisistimu incike kumkhiqizi wamathuluzi womshini ngokunemba, umkhiqizi wamathuluzi wamathuluzi namapharamitha wokusika, kanye nezisebenzi ezicubungulayo ukuklama ngokukhethekile okokusebenza kwamathuluzi ezingxenye ezithile. Izingxenye zamathuluzi omshini we-CNC ngokuvamile ziyinselele ukucubungula, okuholela ezinkingeni ezingalindelekile.
Ngesikhathi sokulungisa iphutha, ngaphezu kwesigamu sezizathu zokwehluleka kwengxenye yokuqala yokucubungula zihlobene nokuma okungafanele, amaphuzu okubamba, namandla okubamba okukhona. Ukuhlaziya izinkinga zesakhiwo kunzima njengoba kungase kube ukufaneleka kuphela futhi kuyinselele ukulinganisa, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kwesipiliyoni ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo nokuhlanganisa ingxenye. Ukufuna iseluleko kochwepheshe abakhulu abasebenza ngokunemba ukuxhumanisa imishini eyisicefe kuyanconywa. Amakhono okulinganisa anembile abalulekile ekwenzeni imishini futhi adinga ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa amathuluzi afana nama-vernier caliper, ama-micrometer, izinkomba zokudayela, amageji e-diameter lever angaphakathi, nama-caliper. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukulinganisa okwenziwa mathupha kuyadingeka njengoba amathuluzi okulinganisa okuhlanganisa amathathu angase angathembeki ekucutshungulweni kwengxenye.
Unekhono ekunakekeleni amathuluzi omshini we-CNC
Ukuze ujwayelane namathuluzi omshini we-CNC, kufanele ukwazi uku:
1. Qonda izingxenye zikagesi ze-CNC nezimiso zokulawula. Ukwazi ukuhlonza ingxenye ngayinye ebhokisini likagesi, wazi umsebenzi wayo, futhi uhumushe imidwebo yeskimu kagesi. Futhi, ukwazi ukubona okuqukethwe kwe-alamu ngokusekelwe kwinombolo ye-alamu kagesi.
2. Qonda isakhiwo kanye nomgomo wokudlulisa we-screw yebhola, futhi wazi izici ezithinta ukunemba kwethuluzi lomshini.
3. Qonda ukwakheka kwamabheringi kuzo zombili iziphetho zesikulufu sethuluzi lomshini nokuthi akuthinta kanjani ukunemba kwethuluzi lomshini.
4. Qonda uhlelo lokuthambisa lwamathuluzi omshini, okuhlanganisa izindawo zokuthambisa zamabheringi, ama-spindle, amapheya e-kinematic, nama-gearbox. Futhi, yazi uhlobo lwamafutha okugcoba amathuluzi omshini kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo okuvamile kwamasonto onke noma kwanyanga zonke.
5. Qonda isistimu yokupholisa yethuluzi lomshini, okuhlanganisa ukusika (amanzi, umoya) ukupholisa, ukupholisa ama-spindle, nokupholisa ibhokisi likagesi.
6. Qonda isakhiwo esiyinhloko sokudlulisela ithuluzi lomshini kanye nezici zedatha ezithile ezihlobene nesivinini kanye ne-torque yethuluzi ngalinye lomshini.
7. Qonda izici zepheya yeziqondiso zethuluzi lomshini, okuhlanganisa ukuthi ingabe ujantshi womugqa noma ujantshi wamaslayidi kanye nokuqina kwawo (umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo).
8. Ukwazi ukuxazulula inkinga yamaphutha okusebenza ajwayelekile njengamaphutha emkhawulo oweqile kanye namaphutha enombolo yethuluzi lomagazini wamathuluzi.
9. Ukwazi ukunemba okuhlukahlukene (i-static, ashukumisayo) izinkomba nezindlela zokutholwa zamathuluzi omshini.
10. Ujwayelene nendlela yomagazini wamathuluzi kanye nesimiso sokushintsha amathuluzi.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-26-2024