Ngemuva kokufaka i-turret ku-lathe yami ye-CNC, ngaqala ukucabanga ukuthi ngingayigqokisa kanjani ngamathuluzi adingekayo. Izinto ezithonya ukukhethwa kwamathuluzi zihlanganisa ulwazi lwangaphambilini, iseluleko sochwepheshe, nocwaningo. Ngingathanda ukwabelana ngezinto eziyisishiyagalolunye ezibalulekile zokukusiza ekusetheni amathuluzi kumshini wakho we-CNC. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi yiziphakamiso nje, futhi amathuluzi angase adinge ukulungiswa ngokusekelwe emisebenzini ethile ekhona.
#1 OD Amathuluzi Okushusha
Akuvamile ukuthi umsebenzi uqedwe ngaphandle kwamathuluzi e-OD okugwedla. Okunye okufakwayo okuvamise ukusetshenziswa kwe-OD, okufana nokufaka okudumile kwe-CNMG ne-WNMG, kuyasetshenziswa.
Kunabasebenzisi abaningi bakho kokubili okufakwayo, futhi impikiswano engcono kakhulu ukuthi i-WNMG ingase futhi isetshenziselwe imigoqo eyisicefe futhi inokunemba okungcono kakhulu, kuyilapho abaningi bebheka i-CNMG njengokufakwa okuqinile.
Lapho sikhuluma nge-roughing, kufanele sicabangele nokubhekana namathuluzi. Njengoba kunenani elilinganiselwe lemitshingo etholakala ku-lathe turret, abanye abantu basebenzisa ithuluzi lokubhodla le-OD ukuze babhekane. Lokhu kusebenza kahle inqobo nje uma ugcina ukujula kokusika okungaphansi kobubanzi bekhala bokufaka. Kodwa-ke, uma umsebenzi wakho ubandakanya ukubhekana nokuningi, ungase uthande ukucabanga ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi elibhekene elizinikele. Uma ubhekene nokuncintisana, okufakiwe kwe-CCGT/CCMT kuyinketho edumile.
#2 Kwesokunxele vs. Amathuluzi Aseceleni Kwesokudla okugwedla
I-CNMG Left Hook Knife (LH)
I-CNMG Right Side Knife (RH)
Kuhlala kunokuningi okumele kuxoxwe mayelana ne-LH vs. RH tooling, njengoba zombili izinhlobo zamathuluzi zinezinzuzo kanye nokubi.
Ukusebenzisa i-RH kunikeza inzuzo yokungaguquguquki kwesiqondiso sokuphotha, okuqeda isidingo sokuhlehlisa isiqondiso sokuphotha sokumba. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuguga emshinini, kusheshisa inqubo, futhi kugwema ukugijima i-spindle ngendlela engafanele yethuluzi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusebenzisa i-LH kunikeza amandla ehhashi engeziwe futhi kulungele kangcono ukugoqa okusindayo. Iqondisa amandla okuya phansi ku-lathe, inciphisa ukuxoxa, ithuthukise indawo engaphezulu, futhi yenze kube lula ukusetshenziswa kokupholisa.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi sidingida isibambi sohlangothi lwesokudla esihlanekezelwe nesibambi sohlangothi lwesokudla oluya phezulu. Lo mehluko ku-orientation uthonya isiqondiso sokuphotha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa i-LH kwenza kube lula ukushintsha ama-blade ngenxa yokucushwa kwayo kwesibambi sohlangothi lwesokudla.
Uma lokho bekungeyona inkimbinkimbi ngokwanele, ungaphendula ithuluzi ulibhekise phansi futhi ulisebenzise ukusika libheke kolunye uhlangothi. Vele uqiniseke ukuthi i-spindle isebenza ngendlela efanele.
#3 OD Amathuluzi Wokuqeda
Abanye abantu basebenzisa ithuluzi elifanayo kukho kokubili ukugoqa nokuqeda, kodwa kunezinketho ezingcono zokufinyelela isiphetho esihle kakhulu. Abanye bancamela ukusebenzisa izinto ezifakwayo ezihlukene ethuluzini ngalinye - elilodwa eloku-roughing nelinye elokuqeda, okuyindlela engcono. Okufakiwe okusha kungafakwa ekuqaleni emshinini wokuqedela bese kuthuthelwa emshinini wokugwedla uma kungasacijile kangako. Kodwa-ke, ukukhetha ukufaka okuhlukile kokulungisa nokuqeda kunikeza ukusebenza okukhulu nokuvumelana nezimo.Izinketho zokufaka ezivame kakhulu zamathuluzi okuqedela engizitholayo yi-DNMG (ngenhla) ne-VNMG (ngezansi):
Ukufakwa kwe-VNMG ne-CNMG kufana ncamashi, kodwa i-VNMG ifaneleka kangcono ukusikeka okuqinile. Kubalulekile ukuthi ithuluzi lokuqeda likwazi ukufinyelela ezindaweni eziminyene kangaka. Njengasemshinini wokugaya lapho uqala khona ngesisiki esikhulu ukuze ukhiphe iphakethe kodwa bese ushintshela kusisiki esincane ukuze ufinyelele amakhona aqinile, umgomo ofanayo uyasebenza ekujikeni. Ukwengeza, lezi zinto ezifakwayo ezincane, njenge-VNMG, zenza kube ngcono ukuphuma kwe-chip uma kuqhathaniswa nokufaka ama-rough njenge-CNMG. Ama-chips amancane avamise ukuvaleleka phakathi kwezinhlangothi zokufakwa okungu-80° kanye nendawo yokusebenza, okuholela ekungaphelelini ekuqedeni. Ngakho-ke, ukususwa okusebenzayo kwama-chips kubalulekile ukugwema ukulimazacnc machining izingxenye zensimbi.
#4 Amathuluzi Esika
Iningi lemisebenzi ebandakanya ukusika izingxenye eziningi kusitoko sebha eyodwa izodinga ithuluzi lokunqanyulwa. Kulesi simo, kufanele ulayishe i-turret yakho ngethuluzi lokusika. Iningi labantu libonakala lincamela uhlobo lwesisiki esifakelwayo esingashintshwa, njengaleso engisisebenzisa ngokufaka isitayela se-GTN:
Izitayela zokufaka ezincane ziyakhethwa, futhi ezinye zingase zibe yilezo ezisekelwe ngesandla ukuze zithuthukise ukusebenza kwazo.
Okufakiwe okusikiwe kungasebenza nezinye izinjongo eziwusizo. Isibonelo, imiphetho yamashizolo ingase ifakwe ama-engeli ukuze kuncishiswe i-slug ohlangothini olulodwa. Ukwengeza, ezinye izinto ezifakiwe zifaka i-radius yekhala, okuzivumela ukuthi zisetshenziselwe umsebenzi wokuphendula. Kuhle ukuqaphela ukuthi irediyasi encane ekugcineni ingase ibe ncane kunobubanzi obukhulu bangaphandle (OD) obuqeda ikhala.
Uyazi ukuthi uyini umphumela wejubane lokusika ubuso nezinga lokuphakela kunqubo yokucubungula ingxenye ye-CNC?
Ijubane le-face milling cutter kanye nezinga lokuphakelayo kuyimingcele ebalulekile ku-Inqubo yokwenza imishini ye-CNCokunomthelela kakhulu kwikhwalithi, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko zezingxenye eziwumshini. Nakhu ukuthi lezi zici ziyithinta kanjani inqubo:
Isivinini Sokusika Ubuso (Spindle Speed)
I-Surface Finish:
Izivinini eziphakeme ngokuvamile ziholela ekuqedeni okuthuthukisiwe kwendawo ngenxa yokwenyuka kwesivinini sokusika, okunganciphisa ukuhwashaza kwendawo. Kodwa-ke, isivinini esiphezulu kakhulu ngezinye izikhathi singabangela ukulimala okushisayo noma ukuguga ngokweqile kwethuluzi, okungaba nomthelela omubi ekuqedeni okungaphezulu.
I-Tool Wear:
Isivinini esiphezulu sandisa izinga lokushisa onqenqemeni lokusika, olungasheshisa ukugqoka kwamathuluzi.
Isivinini esifanelekile kufanele sikhethwe ukulinganisa ukusika okuphumelelayo nokuguga okuncane kwamathuluzi.
Isikhathi Somshini:
Isivinini esikhulisiwe singanciphisa isikhathi somshini, ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza.
Isivinini esidlulele siholela ekuphileni kwamathuluzi okuncishisiwe, okwandisa isikhathi sokuphumula sokushintsha kwamathuluzi.
Izinga lokuphakelayo
Isilinganiso Sokususwa Kwezinto Ezibalulekile (MRR):
Amazinga okuphakelayo aphezulu andisa izinga lokususwa kwezinto, ngaleyo ndlela ehlise sonke isikhathi somshini.
Amazinga okuphakela aphezulu kakhulu angaholela ekuqedeni kahle kwendawo kanye nokulimala okungaba khona kwethuluzi nomsebenzi.
I-Surface Finish:
Amazinga okuphakelayo aphansi akhiqiza isiphetho esihle kakhulu njengoba ithuluzi lenza ukusikeka okuncane.
Amazinga okuphakelayo aphezulu angadala izindawo ezimaholoholo ngenxa yokugcwala kwama-chip amakhulu.
Umthwalo Wamathuluzi Nempilo:
Amazinga okuphakelayo aphezulu andisa umthwalo ethuluzini, okuholela kumazinga aphezulu okuguga kanye nempilo yamathuluzi okungenzeka ibe mfushane. Izilinganiso zokuphakelayo ezifanele kufanele zinqunywe ukulinganisa ukususwa kwezinto ezisebenzayo nempilo yamathuluzi eyamukelekayo. Umthelela Ohlanganisiwe Wesivinini kanye Nesilinganiso Sokuphakelayo
Amandla Okusika:
Kokubili isivinini esiphezulu kanye namazinga okuphakelayo akhulisa amandla okusika ahilelekile kule nqubo. Kubalulekile ukulinganisa le mingcele ukuze ugcine amandla alawulekayo futhi ugweme ukuchezuka kwamathuluzi noma ukuwohloka kocezu lomsebenzi.
Ukukhiqiza Ukushisa:
Ukwenyuka kwesivinini kanye namazinga okuphakela kokubili kunomthelela ekwenzeni ukushisa okuphezulu. Ukuphatha kahle le mingcele, kanye nokupholisa okwanele, kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjwe umonakalo oshisayo ku-workpiece kanye nethuluzi.
I-Face Milling Basics
Kuyini ukugaya ubuso?
Uma usebenzisa uhlangothi lwesigayo sokuphela, kubizwa ngokuthi “i-peripheral milling.” Uma sisika kusuka phansi, kubizwa ngokuthi i-face milling, ngokuvamile eyenziwa ngayoukunemba cnc ukugayaabasiki ababizwa ngokuthi “izigayo zobuso” noma “izigayo zamagobolondo.” Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zabasiki bokugaya ziyinto efanayo.
Ungase futhi uzwe "i-face milling," ebizwa ngokuthi "surface milling." Lapho ukhetha isigayo sobuso, cabanga nge-diameter yokusika- ziza ngosayizi abakhulu nabancane. Khetha ububanzi bethuluzi ukuze isivinini sokusika, isilinganiso sokuphakelayo, isivinini sokuphotha, kanye nezimfuneko zamandla amahhashi zokusikwa zibe ngaphakathi kwamandla omshini wakho. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elinobubanzi bokusika obukhudlwana kunendawo osebenza kuyo, nakuba izigayo ezinkulu zidinga ukuphotha okunamandla futhi zingase zingangeni ezindaweni eziqinile.
Inombolo Yokufaka:
Ukufaka okuningi, imiphetho yokusika kakhulu, kanye nezinga lokuphakelayo le-face mill ngokushesha. Isivinini sokusika esiphezulu sisho ukuthi umsebenzi ungenziwa ngokushesha. Izigayo zobuso ezinomshini owodwa kuphela zibizwa ngokuthi ama-fly cutters. Kodwa ngokushesha kuba ngcono ngezinye izikhathi. Udinga ukulungisa ukuphakama ngakunye kwakho konke okufakwayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isigayo sakho sobuso esinamaphethelo amaningi sifinyelela isiphetho esibushelelezi njengesisiki sempukane esifaka okukodwa. Ngokuvamile, uma ubukhulu be-cutter bukhulu, uzodinga ukufaka okuningi.
Ijiyomethri: Lokhu kuncike ekubunjweni kwezinto ezifakiwe nokuthi zivikeleke kanjani emshinini wobuso.
Ake sibheke lo mbuzo wejiyomethri eduze.
Ukukhetha isigayo sobuso esihle kakhulu: 45-degree noma 90-degree?
Uma sibhekisela kumadigri angu-45 noma amadigri angu-90, sikhuluma nge-engeli ye-edge yokusika ku-milling cutter insert. Isibonelo, umsiki wesokunxele une-engeli enqenqemeni yokusika engu-45 degrees kanti umsiki ongakwesokudla une-engeli enqenqemeni engu-90 degrees. Le engeli yaziwa nangokuthi i-engeli eholayo yomsiki.
Nazi izigaba ezilungile zokusebenza zamagobolondo ahlukene wokusika amajiyometri:
Izinzuzo kanye Nobubi be-45-degree Face Milling
Izinzuzo:
Ngokusho kwabo bobabili u-Sandvik no-Kennametal, abasiki be-45-degree bayanconywa ekugayeni ubuso okuvamile. Isizathu siwukuthi ukusebenzisa ama-45-degree cutters kulinganisa amandla okusika, okuholela emandleni e-axial kanye nama-radial amaningi. Le bhalansi ayithuthukisi ukuphela kwendawo kodwa futhi izuzisa ama-spindle bearings ngokunciphisa nokulinganisa amandla e-radial.
-Ukusebenza kangcono ekungeneni nasekuphumeni - umthelela omncane, ukuncipha kokugqashuka.
-45-degree imiphetho yokusika ingcono ekusikeni okudingayo.
-Isiphetho esingcono kakhulu - ama-45 anokuphela okungcono kakhulu. Ukudlidliza okuphansi, amandla alinganiselayo, kanye nejometri yokungena engcono yizizathu ezintathu.
-Umphumela wokunciphisa i-chip uyakhahlela futhi uholela emazingeni aphezulu okuphakelayo. Isivinini sokusika esiphezulu sisho ukususwa okuphezulu kwempahla, futhi umsebenzi wenziwa ngokushesha.
Izigayo zobuso ze-45-degree nazo zinezinkinga ezithile:
-Kuncishiswe ukujula okukhulu kokusika ngenxa ye-engeli eholayo.
-Amadayimitha amakhulu angabangela izinkinga zokukhishwa.
-Akukho 90-degree angle milling noma ukugaya ihlombe
-Kungabangela ukuchotshozwa noma ama-burrs ohlangothini lokuphuma lokuzungezisa ithuluzi.
-90 degrees isebenzisa amandla amancane asemaceleni (axial), cishe ingxenye enkulu. Lesi sici sinenzuzo ezindongeni ezincanyana, lapho amandla amakhulu angabangela ingxoxo yezinto ezibonakalayo nezinye izinkinga. Kuyasiza futhi uma ukubamba ingxenye ngokuqinile ku-fixture kunzima noma kungenakwenzeka.
Singakhohlwa ngezigayo zobuso. Bahlanganisa ezinye zezinzuzo zohlobo ngalunye lwesigayo sobuso futhi nazo zinamandla kakhulu. Uma kufanele usebenze ngezinto ezinzima, ukugaya kungaba yisinqumo sakho esingcono kakhulu. Uma ufuna imiphumela ephelele, ungase udinge i-fly cutter. Ezimweni eziningi, i-fly cutter inikeza imiphumela engcono kakhulu yangaphandle. Ngendlela, ungakwazi ukuguqula kalula noma iyiphi i-face mill ibe i-fly cutter enhle enomkhawulo owodwa wokusika.
I-Anebon enamathela enkolelweni yakho “Yokudala izixazululo zekhwalithi ephezulu nokukhiqiza abangani nabantu abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba”, i-Anebon ihlale ibeka ukuthakasela amakhasimende ukuqala ngakho kuMkhiqizi waseChina waseChina.umkhiqizo we-aluminium casting, ipuleti le-aluminium yokugaya,ngokwezifiso izingxenye ezincane ze-aluminiumI-cnc, ngothando olumangalisayo nokwethembeka, bazimisele ukukunikeza ngamasevisi angcono kakhulu futhi baqhubekele phambili nawe ukuze benze ikusasa eliqhakazile elibonakalayo.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-18-2024