Imenyu yesiqulatho
●Ukuqonda CNC Machining
>>Umsebenzi weCNC Machining
●Imvelaphi yembali yeCNC Machining
●Iindidi zoomatshini be-CNC
●Izinto ezilungileyo zeCNC Machining
●Ukuthelekisa oomatshini beCNC abasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo
●Usetyenziso lwe-CNC Machining
●Izinto ezintsha kwi-CNC Machining
●Ukumelwa okubonakalayo kweNkqubo yokuMachina ye-CNC
●Inkcazo yevidiyo yeCNC Machining
●Ixesha elizayo kwi-CNC Machining
●Ukuqukumbela
●Imibuzo Eyeleleneyo kunye neempendulo
>>1. Ziziphi izinto ezinokusetyenziswa koomatshini be-CNC?
>>2. Yintoni i-G-code?
>>3. Uthini umahluko phakathi kweleyile yeCNC kunye neleyile yeCNC kunye nesixhobo sokusila iCNC?
>>4. Zeziphi ezona mpazamo ezenziwa rhoqo ngexesha loomatshini be-CNC?
I-CNC machining, isifinyezo seComputer Numerical Control Machine, imele inguqu kwimveliso eyenza izixhobo zoomatshini zisebenzisa isoftware ecwangciswe kwangaphambili. Le nkqubo iphucula ukuchaneka kokuchaneka, isantya, kunye nokuguquguquka xa kusenziwa izinto ezintsonkothileyo, iyenza ibaluleke kakhulu kwimveliso yanamhlanje. Kwinqaku elingezantsi, siza kujonga iinkcukacha ezintsonkothileyo zomatshini womatshini we-CNC, usetyenziso kunye noncedo, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini be-CNC abakhoyo ngoku.
Ukuqonda CNC Machining
CNC Machiningyinkqubo yokuthabatha apho i-material ikhutshwa kwisiqwenga esiqinileyo (workpiece) ukwenza imilo okanye iqhekeza elifunekayo. Inkqubo iqala ngokusebenzisa ifayile ye-computer-aid design (CAD), esebenza njengeplani yokwenziwa kweqhekeza. Ifayile ye-CAD iguqulelwa kwifomati efundeka ngomatshini eyaziwa ngokuba yikhowudi ye-G. Yazisa umatshini we-CNC ukwenza imisebenzi efunekayo.
Umsebenzi weCNC Machining
1. ISigaba soYilo: Inyathelo lokuqala kukudala imodeli yeCAD yento onqwenela ukuyimodeli. Imodeli inayo yonke imilinganiselo kunye neenkcukacha ezifunekayo kumatshini.
2. Ukucwangcisa: Ifayile ye-CAD iguqulelwa kwikhowudi ye-G ngokusebenzisa isoftware yokuvelisa ikhompyutha (i-CAM). Le khowudi isetyenziselwa ukulawula ukunyakaza kunye nokusebenza koomatshini be-CNC. Umatshini weCNC.
3. Ukuseta: I-setupoperator ibeka imathiriyeli ekrwada kwitafile yomsebenzi kamatshini kwaye emva koko ilayishe isoftwe yekhowudi ye-G kumatshini.
4. Inkqubo yoMatshini: Umatshini we-CNC ulandela imiyalelo ecwangcisiweyo ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokusika, ukugaya, okanye ukubhobhoza kwizinto kuze kufike kwimilo oyifunayo.
5. Ukugqiba: Emva kweendawo zomatshini, zinokufuna amanyathelo okugqiba angakumbi njengokupolisha okanye ukugalela isanti ukuze kufumaneke umgangatho ofunekayo womphezulu.
Imvelaphi yembali yeCNC Machining
Imvelaphi yomatshini womatshini we-CNC unokulandelwa ukuya kuma-1950 kunye no-1940 xa ukuqhubela phambili okubalulekileyo kwezobuchwepheshe kwaphunyezwa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.
Ngeminyaka yee-1940: Amanyathelo okuqala engqiqo yokwenza umatshini we-CNC aqala ngo-1940 xa uJohn T. Parsons waqala ukujonga kulawulo lwamanani koomatshini.
I-1952s: Umatshini wokuqala we-Numerical Control (NC) waboniswa kwi-MIT kwaye waphawula impumelelo ebalulekileyo kwintsimi yomatshini ozenzekelayo.
I-1960s : Utshintsho olusuka kwi-NC ukuya kwi-Computer Numerical Control (CNC) lwaqala, lubandakanya iteknoloji yekhompyutheni kwinkqubo yomatshini wokuphucula amandla, njengengxelo yexesha langempela.
Olu tshintsho lwabangelwa yimfuneko yokusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokuchaneka ekuvelisweni kweendawo ezintsonkothileyo, ngokukodwa kwimizi-mveliso ye-aerospace kunye nokhuselo emva kweMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi.
Iindidi zoomatshini be-CNC
Oomatshini be-CNC beza kuhlengahlengiso oluninzi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokwenziwa. Nazi iimodeli ezimbalwa eziqhelekileyo:
I-CNC Mills: Isetyenziselwa ukusika kunye nokubhoboza, ziyakwazi ukwenza uyilo oluntsonkothileyo kunye neecontours ngokujikeleza kwezixhobo zokusika kwii-axes ezininzi.
I-CNC Lathes: Ngokuyintloko isetyenziselwa ukuguqula imisebenzi, apho i-workpiece ijikeleziswa ngelixa isixhobo sokusika sisenza. Efanelekileyo kwiindawo zecylindrical ezifana neeshafts.
I-CNC Routers: Yenzelwe ukusika izinto ezithambileyo ezifana neeplastiki, iinkuni, kunye neembumba. Ngokuqhelekileyo beza kunye neendawo ezinkulu zokusika.
I-CNC Plasma Cutting Machines: Sebenzisa izibane zeplasma ukusika iishiti zetsimbi ngokuchanekileyo.
Abashicileli be-3D:Nangona oomatshini bokwenza okongezelelekileyo, bahlala bexoxwa kwiingxoxo ze-CNC ngenxa yokuxhomekeka kwabo kulawulo olulawulwa yikhompyuter.
Izinto ezilungileyo zeCNC Machining
Umatshini we-CNC ubonelela ngenani leenzuzo ezibalulekileyo kwiindlela zemveli zokwenza:
Ukuchaneka: Oomatshini be-CNC bayakwazi ukuvelisa iindawo ezinokunyamezela ngokugqithisileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-millimeter.
Ukusebenza kakuhle: Nje ukuba oomatshini be-CNC abacwangcisiweyo banokusebenza ngokungenasiphelo ngolawulo oluncinci lomntu, amazinga emveliso anyuka kakhulu.
Ukuguquguquka: Umatshini omnye we-CNC uyakwazi ukucwangciswa ukwenza amacandelo ahlukeneyo ngaphandle kotshintsho olukhulu kulungiselelo.
I-Rsetupd Iindleko Zabasebenzi: Ukuzenzekela kunciphisa imfuno yabasebenzi abanezakhono kwaye kwandisa imveliso.
Ukuthelekisa oomatshini beCNC abasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo
| Uhlobo lomatshini | Ukusetyenziswa okuPhambili | Ukuhambelana kwezinto | Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-CNC Mill | Ukusika kunye nokugrumba | Iintsimbi, iiplastiki | Amacandelo e-aerospace, iinxalenye zeemoto |
| CNC Lathe | Ukuguqula imisebenzi | Iintsimbi | Iishafti, amacandelo anemisonto |
| Umzila weCNC | Ukusika izinto ezithambileyo | Iiplanga, iinkuni | Ukwenza ifenitshala, imiqondiso |
| I-CNC Plasma Cutter | Ukusika isinyithi | Iintsimbi | Ukwenziwa kwesinyithi |
| Iprinta ye-3D | Imveliso eyongezelelweyo | Iiplastiki | Iprototyping |
Usetyenziso lwe-CNC Machining
Umatshini we-CNC usetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yokuguquguquka nokusebenza kwawo:
I-Aerospace: Ukuvelisa amacandelo anzima afuna ukuchaneka nokuthembeka.
Iimoto: Ukuvelisa iinxalenye ze-injini, izinto zothumelo, kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo.
Izixhobo zonyango: Ukudala ukufakelwa kotyando kunye nezixhobo ezinemigangatho engqongqo yomgangatho.
I-Electronics: Ukwenziwa kwezindlu kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki.
Izinto zabathengi: Ukwenza yonke into ukusuka kwizinto zemidlalo ukuya kwizixhobo zombane[4[4.
Izinto ezintsha kwi-CNC Machining
Ihlabathi lomatshini womatshini we-CNC lihlala litshintsha ngokuhambelana nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji:
Ukuzenzekela kunye neeRobhothi: Ukudityaniswa kweerobhothi kunye noomatshini be-CNC kwandisa isantya sokuvelisa kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo zabantu. Uhlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo lwesixhobo luvumela imveliso esebenzayo ngakumbi[22.
I-AI kunye noKufunda ngoomatshini: Ezi ziiteknoloji ezidityaniswe kwimisebenzi ye-CNC ukwenzela ukuba kwenziwe izigqibo ezingcono kunye neenkqubo zogcino oluqikelelweyo[33.
Ukwenziwa kwedijithali: Ukudityaniswa kwezixhobo ze-IoT kuvumela ukujonga kwangexesha lokwenyani kwedatha kunye nokuhlalutya, ukuphucula imeko yemveliso[3[3.
Ezi nkqubela phambili azinyusi nje ukuchaneka kokwenziwa kwemveliso kodwa zandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zokwenziwa kwemveliso ngokubanzi.
Ukumelwa okubonakalayo kweNkqubo yokuMachina ye-CNC
Inkcazo yevidiyo yeCNC Machining
Ukuqonda ngcono indlela umatshini we-CNC osebenza ngayo, jonga le vidiyo yokufundisa ecacisa yonke into ukusuka kwingqikelelo ukuya ekugqityweni:
Yintoni iCNC Machining?
Ixesha elizayo kwi-CNC Machining
Ukujonga phambili ku-2024 nangaphaya, uphuhliso olwahlukeneyo lunefuthe eliza kuziswa lishumi leminyaka elizayo kwimveliso ye-CNC:
Amanyathelo okuzinzisa: Abavelisi bandisa ugxininiso lwabo kwimisebenzi ezinzileyo, besebenzisa izinto eziluhlaza, kunye nokunciphisa inani lenkunkuma eveliswa ngexesha lemveliso[22.
Izinto eziNtu eziPhezulu: Ukwamkelwa kwezinto ezihlala ixesha elide nezikhaphukhaphu kubalulekile kumashishini afana neemoto kunye ne-aerospace[22.
Ukwenziwa kobuchule: Ukwamkela ubugcisa be-Industry 4.0 kuvumela abavelisi ukuba baphucule uqhagamshelwano phakathi koomatshini kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ngokubanzi[33.
Ukuqukumbela
Oomatshini be-CNC baguqule ukwenziwa kwangoku ngokwenza awona manqanaba aphezulu omatshini kunye nokuchaneka xa kusenziwa izinto ezintsonkothileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Ukwazi imigaqo emva kwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kuya kunceda iinkampani zisebenzise le teknoloji ukunyusa ukusebenza kunye nomgangatho.
Imibuzo Eyeleleneyo kunye neempendulo
1. Ziziphi izinto ezinokusetyenziswa koomatshini be-CNC?
Phantse naziphi na izinto eziphathekayo ziyakwazi ukusebenzisa iteknoloji ye-CNC, kuquka isinyithi (i-aluminium kunye nobhedu), iiplastiki (i-ABS nylon), kunye nezixhobo zokhuni.
2. Yintoni i-G-code?
Ikhowudi ye-G lulwimi lwenkqubo olusetyenziswa ukulawula oomatshini be-CNC. Inika imiyalelo ethile yokusebenza kunye neentshukumo.
3. Uthini umahluko phakathi kweleyile yeCNC kunye neleyile yeCNC kunye nesixhobo sokusila iCNC?
I-lathe ye-CNC ijika i-workpiece ngelixa isixhobo esimileyo siyisika. IiMill zisebenzisa isixhobo esijikelezayo ukwenza amanxeba kwizinto zokusebenza ezimileyo.
4. Zeziphi ezona mpazamo ezenziwa rhoqo ngexesha loomatshini be-CNC?
Iimpazamo zinokubangela ukunxitywa kwezixhobo, iimpazamo zeprogram, ukunyakaza kwe-workpiece ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini, okanye ukucwangciswa komatshini okungalunganga.
cwangcisa kwiamashishini anokuthi axhamle kakhulu kumatshini womatshini we-CNC?
Imizi-mveliso efana neemoto, i-aerospace, izixhobo zonyango, i-electronics, kunye nempahla yabathengi izuza kakhulu kwi-CNC machine technology.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-12-2024