Uburhabaxa bomphezulu sisalathiso esibalulekileyo sobuchwephesha esibonisa iimpazamo ze-microgeometric zomphezulu wenxalenye kwaye yinto ephambili ekuhloleni umgangatho womphezulu. Ukhetho loburhabaxa bomphezulu lunxulunyaniswa ngokuthe ngqo nomgangatho wemveliso, ubomi benkonzo, kunye neendleko zemveliso.
Kukho iindlela ezintathu zokukhetha uburhabaxa bomphezulu bamalungu oomatshini: indlela yokubala, indlela yovavanyo, kunye nendlela yokufanisa. Indlela yokulinganisa iqhele ukusetyenziswa kuyilo lwenxalenye yomatshini ngenxa yokulula, isantya, kunye nokusebenza kwayo. Izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokubhekisela zifunekayo ekusetyenzisweni kwendlela yokufanisa, kwaye iincwadana zoyilo lomatshini zibonelela ngolwazi olubanzi kunye noncwadi. Isalathiso esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo buburhabaxa bomphezulu obuhambelana neklasi yokunyamezela.
Ngokubanzi, iindawo ezinomatshini ezineemfuno zokunyamezelana ezinobukhulu obuncinci zinexabiso elincinci lomphezulu wokurhabaxa, kodwa akukho budlelwane buzinzileyo phakathi kwabo. Umzekelo, amanye amalungu omatshini, anje ngezibambo, izixhobo, izixhobo zococeko, kunye noomatshini bokutya, bafuna iindawo ezigudileyo ezinoburhabaxa obuphezulu, ngelixa iimfuno zabo zokunyamezela ubungakanani zisezantsi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho imbalelwano ethile phakathi kwebakala lonyamezelo kunye nexabiso lomphezulu woburhabaxa beendawo ezineemfuno zokunyamezelana.
Iindawo ezininzi zoomatshini ziyila iimanyuwali kunye neemonographs zokwenziwa zazisa iifomyula zokubala ezinobungqina boburhabaxa bomphezulu kunye nobudlelwane bokunyamezelana kwedimensional kumalungu oomatshini. Nangona kunjalo, amaxabiso kuluhlu olunikeziweyo ahlala ahluke, abangela ukudideka kwabo bangayiqhelanga imeko kunye nokwandisa ubunzima bokukhetha uburhabaxa bomphezulu kumalungu oomatshini.
Ngokwezinto ezisebenzayo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokurhabaxa komhlaba kwamalungu abo, nokuba zinonyamezelo olulinganayo. Oku kubangelwa ukuzinza kokufaneleka. Kwinkqubo yoyilo kunye nokuveliswa kwamacandelo omatshini, iimfuno zokuzinza kokubambisana kunye nokutshintshisana kwamacandelo ahluke ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lomatshini. Iincwadi zoyilo zomatshini ezikhoyo zibonisa ezi ndidi zintathu zilandelayo:
Oomatshini abachanekileyo:Olu hlobo ludinga ukuzinza okuphezulu kokulungelelaniswa kunye nezigunyaziso zokuba umda wokugqoka wamacandelo awugqithisi i-10% yexabiso lokunyamezela kwe-dimensional, mhlawumbi ngexesha lokusetyenziswa okanye emva kweendibano ezininzi. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumphezulu wezixhobo ezichanekileyo, iigeyiji, izixhobo zokulinganisa ezichanekileyo, kunye nomphezulu wokukhuhlana wamalungu abalulekileyo anjengendawo engaphakathi yesilinda, ijenali ephambili yezixhobo zomatshini wokuchaneka, kunye nejenali ephambili yomatshini wokudibanisa odikayo. .
Oomatshini abaQhelekileyo abaChanekileyo:Olu luhlu luneemfuno eziphezulu zokuzinza kokulungelelaniswa kwaye zifuna ukuba umda wokunxiba wamacandelo awudluli i-25% yexabiso lokunyamezela kwe-dimensional. Ikwafuna indawo yoqhagamshelwano etywinwe kakuhle kwaye isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizixhobo zoomatshini, izixhobo, kunye neebheringi eziqengqelekayo ukuze zitshatise umphezulu, imingxunya ye-taper pin, kunye neendawo zokunxibelelana ezinesantya esiphezulu sokushukuma, njengendawo yokukhwelana yebhere yokutyibiliza kunye indawo yokusebenza yezinyo legiya.
oomatshini ngokubanzi:Olu hlobo lufuna ukuba umda wokunxiba wamalungu ungadluli kwi-50% yexabiso lokunyamezela kwe-dimensional kwaye ayibandakanyi intshukumo enxulumene nomphezulu woqhagamshelwanoiindawo ezigayiweyo zecnc. Isetyenziselwa amacandelo afana nezigqubuthelo zebhokisi, imikhono, umphezulu wokusebenza womphezulu, izitshixo, iindlela ezingundoqo ezifuna ukulingana ngokusondeleyo, kunye nemigangatho yoqhagamshelwano enesantya esisezantsi sokushukuma, njengemingxuma yesibiyeli, iibhutsi, kunye neendawo zokusebenza ezinemingxuma ye-pulley shaft. kunye nabanciphisi.
Senza uhlalutyo lwamanani amaxabiso eetafile ahlukeneyo kwincwadana yoyilo lomatshini, ukuguqula umgangatho wesizwe omdala wobunzima bomhlaba (GB1031-68) kumgangatho omtsha wesizwe (GB1031-83) kwi-1983 ngokubhekiselele kumgangatho wehlabathi we-ISO. Samkela iiparamitha zovavanyo olukhethwayo, oluyi-avareji yexabiso lokutenxa kwi-contour arithmetic (Ra=(1/l)∫l0|y|dx). Uluhlu lokuqala lwamaxabiso olukhethwa nguRa lusetyenziselwa ukufumana ulungelelwaniso phakathi kobunzima bomphezulu weRa kunye nokunyamezela kwe-IT.
Udidi 1: Ra≥1.6 Ra≤0.008×IT
Ra≤0.8Ra≤0.010×IT
Udidi 2: Ra≥1.6 Ra≤0.021×IT
Ra≤0.8Ra≤0.018×IT
Udidi 3: Ra≤0.042×IT
ITheyibhile 1, iTheyibhile 2, kunye neTheyibhile yesi-3 idwelisa ezi ntlobo zintathu zobudlelwane zingentla.
Xa uyila amalungu oomatshini, kubalulekile ukukhetha uburhabaxa bomphezulu obusekwe kunyamezelo lwedimensional. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini zifuna amaxabiso etafile ahlukeneyo ukuba akhethwe.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba itheyibhile isebenzisa ixabiso lokuqala loluhlu lweRa, ngelixa umgangatho wesizwe omdala usebenzisa ixabiso lesibini lexabiso le-Ra. Ngexesha lokuguqulwa, kunokubakho imiba enamaxabiso aphezulu naphantsi. Sisebenzisa ixabiso eliphezulu kwitheyibhile kuba inceda ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso, kwaye ixabiso eliphantsi lisetyenziselwa ixabiso lomntu ngamnye.
Itheyibhile ehambelana nenqanaba lokunyamezela kunye noburhabaxa bomgangatho wesizwe esidala sinomxholo onzima kunye nefom. Kwibakala elifanayo lonyamezelo, icandelo lobungakanani, kunye nobukhulu obusisiseko, amaxabiso obunzima bomphezulu womngxuma kunye neshaft ayahluka, njengoko enza amaxabiso eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokulingana. Oku kungenxa yobudlelwane phakathi kwemilinganiselo yokunyamezela yokunyamezela endala kunye nomgangatho ofanelekileyo (GB159-59) kunye nezinto ezikhankanywe ngasentla. Umgangatho omtsha okhoyo wesizwe wokunyamezela kunye nokulungelelaniswa (GB1800-79) unexabiso elifanayo lokunyamezela umlinganiselo wesiseko ngasinye kwibakala elifanayo lokunyamezela kunye necandelo lobungakanani, ukwenza lula itafile ehambelanayo yebakala lokunyamezela kunye noburhabaxa bendawo kunye nokwenza ukuba kube yinzululwazi kunye nengqiqo.
Kumsebenzi woyilo, kubalulekile ukuseka ukhetho loburhabaxa bomphezulu kwinyani yohlalutyo lokugqibela kunye nokuvavanya ngokubanzi umsebenzi womphezulu kunyeinkqubo yokuvelisa i-cncuqoqosho lwamacandelo ukhetho olufanelekileyo. Amanqanaba okunyamezela kunye namaxabiso oburhabaxa obungaphezulu anikwe kwitheyibhile anokusetyenziswa njengesalathiso soyilo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-20-2024