Kufuneka ube ligcisa eligqwesileyo
Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zidibanisa ukomba, ukugaya, ukukruqula, ukuhlaziya, ukucofa, kunye nezinye iinkqubo. Ulwazi lobugcisa phakathi kwamagcisa luphezulu kakhulu. Iiprogram ze-CNC yinkqubo yokusebenzisa ulwimi lwekhompyutha ukubonisa iteknoloji yokucubungula. Itekhnoloji isisiseko senkqubo. Kufuneka uqonde iteknoloji ukwenza inkqubo.
Ukukhetha ubuchwephesha bokusika oomatshini kuthetha ukuba iintsuku zokuqala zeshishini ziya kuba ngumngeni. Iinjineli zokulungisa oomatshini ziingcali ezinamava. Ukuze ukufanelekele le ndima, kufuneka uchithe ixesha kwindawo yokusebenzela esebenza iileyile, oomatshini bokungqusha, oomatshini bokungqusha, oomatshini bomatshini, njl.njl. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona uqulunqe iinkqubo, uqikelele ukusetyenziswa kwezinto, kwaye ubale izabelo e-ofisini.
Kubalulekile ukuqhelana nokusebenza kwezixhobo zoomatshini ezahlukeneyo kunye namanqanaba ezakhono zeenkosi zocweyo. Emva kwe-2-3 iminyaka yokusebenza, unokuba ngabasebenzi benkqubo abaqeqeshiweyo. Funda ngokuphandle kubasebenzi kunye neenkosi njengoko amashumi eminyaka amava abo enokukunceda uphephe iindlela ezininzi ezijikwayo. Olu lwazi alunakufunyanwa ezincwadini. Ukukhetha iinkqubo kubandakanya ukuqwalaselwa okubanzi kwezakhono zezixhobo kunye nezakhono zobugcisa zabasebenzi. Ngenkxaso kunye nokuthembela kwabasebenzi, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube yingcali yenkqubo egqwesileyo.Ngexesha elide lokufunda kunye nokuqokelela, kufuneka ufikelele kula manqanaba obugcisa alandelayo kunye neemfuno:
1. Ukuqonda ubume kunye neempawu zenkqubo yokomba, ukugaya, ukudika, ukugaya, kunye noomatshini bokucwangcisa.
2. Ukuqonda ukusebenza kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo.
3. Ulwazi olusisiseko oluluqilima lwethiyori yesixhobo, ukulawulwa kwexabiso eliqhelekileyo lokusika izixhobo, njl.
4. Ukuqhelana neenkcukacha zenkqubo, izikhokelo, kunye neemfuno eziqhelekileyo zokulungiswa kwenkqubo kunye neendlela zenkqubo yeendawo eziqhelekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezifanelekileyo kunye nexesha labasebenzi, njl.
5. Ukuqokelela inani elithile lolwazi malunga nezixhobo, izixhobo zoomatshini, kunye nemigangatho yoomatshini. Ngokukodwa, ukuqhelana nenkqubo yesixhobo esetyenziselwa izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC.
6. Ukuqonda ukukhethwa kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto zokupholisa.
7. Ukuba nokuqonda okuqhelekileyo kweentlobo ezinxulumene nomsebenzi, umzekelo, ukuphosa, ukulungiswa kombane, unyango lokushisa, njl.
8. Ukuba nesiseko esiluqilima kwizixhobo.
9. Ukuqonda iimfuno zendibano kunye neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kwamacandelo acutshungulweyo.
10. Ukuba nesiseko esiqinileyo kwitekhnoloji yokulinganisa.
Unobuchule kwiprogram ye-CNC kunye nosetyenziso lwesoftware yekhompyuter
Kukho imiyalelo embalwa yenkqubo, kwaye iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ziyafana. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuthatha iinyanga ezi-1-2 ukuqhelana kakhulu. Isoftware yenkqubo ezenzekelayo intsonkothe ngakumbi kwaye ifuna umfuziselo wokufunda. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abanesiseko esomeleleyo seCAD, kulula. Ngaphaya koko, ukuba yinkqubo yezandla, ukuqonda kakuhle kwejiyometri yohlalutyo nako kuyafuneka! Ngokwesiqhelo, umgangatho wenkqubo elungileyo ngu:
1. Kulula ukuyiqonda kunye nokulungelelanisa, kwaye bonke abaqhubi banokuyiqonda.
2. Imiyalelo embalwa kwicandelo leprogram, ingcono, ngenjongo yokulula, ukusebenziseka, kunye nokuthembeka. Ngokombono weprogram, imiyalelo yi-G00 kunye ne-G01 kuphela, kwaye ezinye ziyimiyalelo encedisayo, ebekwe ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukucwangcisa.
3. Ulungelelwaniso olulula. Kungcono ukugcina inkqubo efanayo xa icnc isiko machiningUkuchaneka kokulungiswa kwenxalenye kufuneka kulungiswe kakuhle. Umzekelo, ukuba isixhobo sinxibile kwaye sidinga ukulungiswa, tshintsha ubude kunye neradiyasi kwitafile ye-offset yesixhobo.
4. Ukusebenza ngokulula. Ukucwangcisa kufuneka kuqulunqwe ngokweempawu zokusebenza zesixhobo somatshini, okulungele ukujonga, ukuhlolwa, ukulinganisa, ukhuseleko, njl. iziko kunye nenkqubo yeziko lomatshini elithe tye. Ekuqhubekeni komatshini, eyona ndlela ilula yeyona ndlela ilungileyo.
Unobuchule ekusebenzeni kwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC
Esi zakhono ngokuqhelekileyo sifuna iminyaka eyi-1-2 yokufunda. Ngumsebenzi owenziwe ngezandla ofuna ukubamba okubuthathaka. Ngelixa abaqalayo banokuyazi ithiyori, ukuqonda indlela esebenza ngayo ilucelomngeni. Ukugqwesa kulo mmandla, kufuneka ube nobuchule ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo, ufakelo lwezixhobo, ulungelelwaniso lwenxalenye, iiseti zesixhobo, i-zero offset kunye neseto yembuyekezo yobude besixhobo, kunye noseto lwembuyekezo yeradiyasi, kunye nofakelo kunye nokwethulwa kwesixhobo kunye nomthwalo.
Ngapha koko, kuya kufuneka ubambe isixhobo sokugaya kunye neendlela zokulinganisa inxalenye, ezibandakanya ukusebenzisa i-vernier calipers, i-micrometers, izikhombisi zokudayela, kunye nezalathi zangaphakathi ze-lever ye-diameter. Imisebenzi enzima kakhulu ifumaneka kumaziko omatshini anqamlekileyo kunye ne-gantry enkulu (iintsimbi ezihambayo, iiplanga eziphezulu) amaziko omatshini.
Ukuba nobuchule kobu buchule kufuna ukuqonda okunzulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkqubo esuka kwiprosesa yecandelo lokuqala ukuya ekufezekiseni ukuchaneka okufunekayo kuphela luxanduva lwe-CNC programming technician. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isixhobo somatshini ngokuchanekileyo ukufikelela kweli nqanaba lobuchule.
Kufuneka ube nesiseko esihle sezixhobo kunye neteknoloji yokulinganisa
Ukulungiswa kunye neteknoloji yokulinganisa ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wokulungiswa kwenxalenye kunye nokuchaneka kwezixhobo zoomatshini. Zikwabonisa inqanaba lezakhono zabasebenzi benkqubo. Yonkeinkqubo yokuvelisa i-cncinkqubo ixhomekeke kumenzi wesixhobo somatshini ukuchaneka, umenzi wesixhobo sesixhobo kunye neeparamitha zokusika, kunye nabasebenzi benkqubo yokuyila ngokukodwa isixhobo sokwenza izixhobo ezithile. Amalungu esixhobo somatshini we-CNC adla ngokucela umngeni ukusetyenzwa, okukhokelela kwiingxaki ezingalindelekanga.
Ngexesha lokulungiswa kweempazamo, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sezizathu zokungaphumeleli kwenxalenye yokuqala yokulungiswa zihambelana nokumiswa okungafanelekanga, iindawo zokubethelela, kunye ne-clamping force ye-fixture. Ukuhlalutya imiba yemidlalo kunzima njengoko inokuba semgangathweni kwaye ingumceli mngeni ukuyilinganisa, ngakumbi ngaphandle kwamava kuyilo lwefixture kunye nenxalenye yokubamba. Ukufuna iingcebiso kumagcisa aphezulu asebenza ngokuchaneka kokulungelelanisa oomatshini abakruqulayo kuyacetyiswa. Izakhono zokulinganisa ezichanekileyo zibalulekile kumatshini kwaye zifuna ubuchule bokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana ne-vernier calipers, i-micrometers, izikhombisi zokudayela, i-diameter ye-lever gauges yangaphakathi, kunye ne-calipers. Ngamanye amaxesha, umlinganiselo owenziwe ngezandla uyafuneka njengoko izixhobo zokulinganisa eziziintambo ezintathu zisenokungathembeki kwinxalenye yokusetyenzwa.
Unobuchule ekugcinweni kwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC
Ukuqhelana nezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, kuya kufuneka ukwazi uku:
1. Qonda amacandelo ombane e-CNC kunye nemigaqo yokulawula. Ukwazi ukuchonga icandelo ngalinye kwibhokisi yombane, wazi umsebenzi walo, kwaye utolike imizobo yeskimu sombane. Kwakhona, ukwazi ukuchonga umxholo we-alamu ngokusekelwe kwinombolo ye-alamu yombane.
2. Qonda isakhiwo kunye nomgaqo wokudluliselwa kwe-screw yebhola, kwaye wazi izinto ezichaphazela ukuchaneka kwesixhobo somatshini.
3. Qonda ukwakheka kweebheringi kuzo zombini iziphelo zesixhobo somatshini kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo ukuchaneka kwesixhobo somatshini.
4. Qonda inkqubo yokuthambisa isixhobo somatshini, kubandakanywa iindawo zokuthambisa iibheringi, ii-spindles, i-kinematic pairs, kunye ne-gearbox. Kwakhona, uqhelane nohlobo lwesixhobo somatshini sokuthambisa ioyile kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo okuqhelekileyo ngeveki okanye ngenyanga.
5. Qonda inkqubo yokupholisa yesixhobo somatshini, kubandakanywa ukusika (amanzi, umoya) ukupholisa, ukupholisa i-spindle, kunye nokupholisa ibhokisi yombane.
6. Qonda isakhiwo esiphambili sokuhanjiswa kwesixhobo somatshini kunye neempawu ezithile zedatha ezinxulumene nesantya kunye ne-torque yesixhobo ngasinye somatshini.
7. Qonda iimpawu zesikhokelo sesixhobo somatshini, kubandakanywa nokuba ngaba umzila wesitimela okanye isilayidi sesilayidi kunye nokuqina kwayo (umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo).
8. Ukwazi ukucombulula iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza njengeempazamo zomda ongaphezulu kunye neempazamo zenombolo yesixhobo semagazini yesixhobo.
9. Ubuchule kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo ezichanekileyo (i-static, dynamic) kunye neendlela zokufumanisa izixhobo zomatshini.
10. Uqhelene nesixhobo semagazini kunye nomgaqo wokutshintsha isixhobo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-26-2024