Umahluko phakathi kwe-annealing kunye nokuthoba ngu:
Ngamafutshane, ukuthambisa kuthetha ukungabi nabulukhuni, kwaye ukucaphuka kusabugcina ubulukhuni obuthile.
Ukufudumeza:
Ulwakhiwo olufunyenwe ngobushushu obuphezulu bobushushu bubushushu be-sorbite. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukufudumala akusetyenziswanga yedwa. Injongo ephambili yokufudumala emva kweengxenye zokucima kukuphelisa uxinzelelo lokucima kunye nokufumana isakhiwo esifunekayo. Ngokutsho kwamaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo, ubushushu bohlulwe kubushushu obuphantsi, ubushushu obuphakathi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. I-martensite epholileyo, i-troostite kunye ne-sorbite yafunyanwa ngokulandelelana.
Phakathi kwabo, unyango lobushushu oludityaniswe nobushushu obuphezulu bobushushu emva kokucima kubizwa ngokuba kukucinywa kunye nonyango olushushu, kwaye injongo yalo kukufumana iipropathi ezibanzi zoomatshini kunye namandla amahle, ubulukhuni, iplastiki kunye nokuqina. Ngoko ke, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo zezakhiwo zeemoto, iitrektara, izixhobo zoomatshini, njl., ezifana neentonga zokudibanisa, iibholiti, iigiya kunye neeshafti. Ubulukhuni emva kobushushu ngokuqhelekileyo yi-HB200-330.
ukuphelisa:
Ukuguqulwa kwePearlite kwenzeka ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca. Injongo ephambili ye-annealing kukwenza isakhiwo sangaphakathi sesinyithi sifikelele okanye sisondele kwimeko yokulinganisa, kwaye silungiselele ukusetyenzwa okulandelayo kunye nokuphathwa kobushushu bokugqibela. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo yinkqubo yokuphelisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olubangelwa kukulungiswa kokuguqulwa kweplastiki, ukuwelda, njl njl kunye nokukhoyo kwi-casting. Kukho uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza emva kokubumba, ukuphosa, ukuwelda kunye nokusika. Ukuba ayipheliswanga ngexesha, i-workpiece iya kuphazamiseka ngexesha lokucubungula kunye nokusetyenziswa, okuya kuchaphazela ukuchaneka komsebenzi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-annealing yokunciphisa uxinzelelo ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olwenziwe ngexesha lokucubungula. Ubushushu bokufudumala kwe-annealing yokunciphisa uxinzelelo lungaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa lokuguqulwa kwesigaba, ngoko ke, akukho kuguqulwa kwesakhiwo okwenzekayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyanga ukushisa. Uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lupheliswa ngokwemvelo yi-workpiece ngexesha lokugcinwa kobushushu kunye nenkqubo yokupholisa ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuze kupheliswe uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lomsebenzi ngokucokisekileyo, ubushushu bokufudumala kufuneka balawulwe ngexesha lokufudumala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ifakwe kwisithando somlilo kwiqondo eliphantsi, kwaye emva koko ishushu kwiqondo lokushisa elichaziweyo kwiqondo lokushisa malunga ne-100 ° C / h. Ubushushu bobushushu be-weldment kufuneka bube ngaphezulu kancinci kuno 600°C. Ixesha lokubamba lixhomekeke kwimeko, ngokuqhelekileyo i-2 ukuya kwiiyure ze-4. Ixesha lokubamba le-annealing yokupholisa uxinzelelo lithatha umda ophezulu, izinga lokupholisa lilawulwa kwi (20-50) ℃ / h, kwaye linokupholiswa ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-300 ℃ ngaphambi kokuba ipholise umoya.
Unyango lokuguga lunokwahlulwa lube ziindidi ezimbini: ukuguga kwendalo kunye nokuguga okwenziweyo. Ukuguga kwendalo kukubeka ukuphosa kwindawo evulekileyo ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sonyaka, ukwenzela ukuba kuya kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza, ukwenzela ukuba uxinzelelo oluseleyo lunokupheliswa okanye luncitshiswe. Ukwaluphala okwenziweyo kukufudumeza ukujula ukuya kuma-550 ~ 650℃ Yenza ukuphelisa uxinzelelo, okonga ixesha xa kuthelekiswa nokuguga kwendalo, kwaye isuse uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo ngocoselelo.
Yintoni ukufudumala?
Ubushushu yinkqubo yonyango lobushushu olutshisa imveliso yentsimbi ecinyiweyo okanye iinxalenye kubushushu obuthile, ize izipholise ngendlela ethile emva kokubamba ixesha elithile. I-Tempering lutyando olwenziwa ngoko nangoko emva kokucima, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo unyango lobushushu lokugqibela lwe-workpiece. Ngoko ke, inkqubo edibeneyo yokucima kunye nokufudumala ibizwa ngokuba ngunyango lokugqibela lokushisa. Injongo ephambili yokucima kunye nokuthambisa kuku:
1) Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kunye nokunciphisa i-brittleness. Amalungu acinyiweyo anoxinzelelo olukhulu kunye ne-brittleness. Ukuba abacaphuki ngexesha, badla ngokugqwesa okanye bade baqhekeke.
2) Lungisa iipropati zomatshini we-workpiece. Emva kokucima, i-workpiece inobunzima obuphezulu kunye ne-brittleness ephezulu. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo zemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, inokulungelelaniswa ngokufudumeza, ukuqina, amandla, iplastiki kunye nokuqina.
3) Ubungakanani be-workpiece ezinzileyo. Isakhiwo se-metallographic sinokuzinziswa ngokufudumeza ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho deformation iya kwenzeka ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo.
4) Ukuphucula ukusebenza kokusika kwezinye iintsimbi ze-alloy.
Kwimveliso, ihlala isekelwe kwiimfuno zokusebenza komsebenzi. Ngokwahlukileyo amaqondo obushushu, ukufudumeza kwahlulwe kubushushu obuphantsi, ubushushu obuphakathi, kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. Inkqubo yonyango lobushushu edibanisa ukucima kunye nobushushu obuphezulu obulandelayo bubizwa ngokuba ngukucima kunye nokutshisa, oko kukuthi, ineplastiki elungileyo kunye nokuqina ngelixa unamandla aphezulu. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuphatha iinxalenye zesakhiwo somatshini kunye nemithwalo emikhulu, enje ngeespindles zesixhobo somatshini, i-axle shafts yemoto yangasemva, iigiya ezinamandla, njl.
Yintoni ukucima?
Ukucima yinkqubo yonyango lobushushu olutshisa iimveliso zetsimbi okanye iinxalenye ezingaphezulu kobushushu benguqu yesigaba, kwaye emva koko iphole ngokukhawuleza ngesantya esikhulu kunomlinganiselo obalulekileyo wokupholisa emva kokugcinwa kobushushu ukuze kufumaneke isakhiwo se-martensitic. Ukucima kukufumana isakhiwo se-martensitic, kwaye emva kokufudumala, i-workpiece inokufumana ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuze kuphuhliswe ngokupheleleyo amandla ezinto eziphathekayo. Eyona njongo yayo kuku:
1) Ukuphucula iimpawu zemishini yeemveliso zetsimbi okanye iinxalenye. Umzekelo: ukuphucula ubulukhuni kunye nokugqoka ukuchasana kwezixhobo, iibheringi, njl., ukwandisa umda we-elastic wemithombo, ukuphucula iimpawu ezibanzi zomatshini weendawo ze-shaft, njl.
2) Ukuphucula izinto eziphathekayo okanye iikhemikhali zezinye iintsimbi ezikhethekileyo. Okufana nokuphucula ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion yensimbi engenasici, ukunyusa i-magnetism esisigxina yentsimbi yentsimbi, njl.
Xa ukucima kunye nokupholisa, ngaphezu kokukhethwa ngokufanelekileyo kwendlela yokucima, iindlela zokucima ezichanekileyo nazo ziyafuneka. Iindlela zokucima ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka ukucinywa kolwelo olunye, ukucinywa kolwelo kabini, ukucinywa ngokwemigangatho, ukucinywa kwe-isothermal, kunye nokucinywa kwenxalenye.
Umahluko kunye nokudibanisa phakathi kokuqhelekileyo, ukucima, ukunyathela kunye nokuthoba
Injongo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesiqhelo
① Kwintsimbi ye-hypoeutectoid, i-normalizing isetyenziselwa ukuphelisa ubume obugqithisiweyo obucolekileyo kunye nesakhiwo se-Widmanstatten sokusahlelwa, i-forgings, kunye ne-weldments, kunye nesakhiwo esibhandiweyo kwizinto eziqengqelekayo; coca iinkozo; kwaye ingasetyenziswa njengonyango lwangaphambi kobushushu phambi kokucima.
② Ngentsimbi ye-hypereutectoid, i-normalizing inokuphelisa i-cementite yesibini ye-reticular kunye nokucoca i-pearlite, engaphuculi kuphela iimpawu zomatshini, kodwa iququzelele i-spheroidizing annealing elandelayo.
③ Kwikhabhoni esezantsi-umzobo weepleyiti zentsimbi ezicekethekileyo, ukulinganisa kunokuphelisa i-cementite yasimahla kwimida yeenkozo ukuphucula iimpawu zabo zokuzoba.
④ Kwintsimbi ye-carbon ephantsi kunye ne-low-carbon low-alloy steel, sebenzisa i-normalizing ukufumana isakhiwo se-pearlite esicolekileyo, ukwandisa ubulukhuni ukuya kwi-HB140-190, uthintele into "yokuncamathela imela" ngexesha lokusika, kwaye uphucule ubuchule. Kwintsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi, xa zombini i-normalization kunye ne-annealing ingasetyenziswa, inoqoqosho ngakumbi kwaye ilungele ukusebenzisa isiqhelo.
⑤ Kwinsimbi eqhelekileyo ye-medium-carbon structural steel, i-normalization ingasetyenziselwa endaweni yokucima kunye nokushisa okuphezulu xa iipropati zomatshini zingekho phezulu, okungekho lula nje ukusebenza, kodwa nokuzinzisa isakhiwo kunye nobukhulu bentsimbi.
⑥ Ukulungelelanisa kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu (150-200 ° C ngaphezu kwe-Ac3) kunokunciphisa ulwahlulo lokubunjwa kwe-castings kunye ne-forgings ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokusabalalisa kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu. Iinkozo ezirhabaxa emva kokuba ziqhelekile kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu zinokucokiswa ngokuzilungisa ngokulandelayo kwiqondo lobushushu lesibini elisezantsi.
⑦ Kwezinye iintsimbi ze-carbon alloy eziphantsi naphakathi ezisetyenziswa kwiiinjini zomphunga kunye neebhoyila, i-normalizing isoloko isetyenziselwa ukufumana ubume be-bainite, kwaye emva koko ifakwe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu. Inokumelana kakuhle nokurhubuluza xa isetyenziswa kwi-400-550 °C.
⑧ Ukongeza kwiindawo zetsimbi kunye neemveliso zetsimbi, i-normalization iphinda isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kunyango olushushu lwe-ductile iron ukufumana i-pearlite matrix kunye nokuphucula amandla esinyithi.
Ekubeni i-normalizing ibonakaliswe ngokupholisa umoya, ubushushu be-ambient, indlela yokupakisha, ukuhamba komoya kunye nobukhulu be-workpiece yonke inefuthe kwisakhiwo kunye nokusebenza emva kokuqhelekileyo. Ulwakhiwo oluqhelekileyo lunokusetyenziswa njengendlela yokuhlela i-alloy steel. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iintsimbi ze-alloy zahlulwe zibe yintsimbi ye-pearlite, intsimbi ye-bainite, intsimbi ye-martensitic kunye ne-austenitic steel ngokwe-microstructure efunyenwe ngokufudumeza isampuli kunye nobubanzi be-25 mm ukuya kwi-900 ° C kunye nokupholisa umoya.
I-Anealing yinkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu bentsimbi apho isinyithi sifudunyezwa ngokucothayo ukuya kubushushu obuthile, sigcinwe ixesha elaneleyo, size sipholiswe ngesantya esifanelekileyo. Unyango lokutshisa ubushushu bohlulahlulwe lwaba ludibaniso olupheleleyo, i-annealing engaphelelanga kunye nokuthomalalisa koxinzelelo. Iimpawu zomatshini wezinto ezifakwe emanzini zinokubonwa ngovavanyo lwe-tensile okanye uvavanyo lokuqina. Iimveliso ezininzi zetsimbi zibonelelwa kwimeko yokunyathela kunye nokunyanga ukushisa.
Umvavanyi wobulukhuni be-Rockwell unokusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ubulukhuni bentsimbi. Kwiipleyiti zentsimbi ezibhityileyo, imicu yentsimbi kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi enodonga olucekethekileyo, abavavanyi bobulukhuni beRockwell bomphezulu bangasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ubulukhuni be-HRT.
Injongo yokunciphisa kuku:
① Phucula okanye uphelise iziphene ezahlukeneyo kulwakhiwo kunye noxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olubangelwa kukusalwa kwentsimbi, ukubunjwa, ukuqengqeleka kunye nokuwelda, kwaye uthintele ukuguqulwa kunye nokuqhekeka kwezinto zokusebenza.
② Thambisa icwecwe lokusika.
③ Ukucokisa iinkozo kunye nokuphucula ubume bokuphucula iipropathi zoomatshini bomsebenzi.
④ Yenza amalungiselelo ombutho onyango lokugqibela lobushushu (ukucima, ukuthambisa).
Inkqubo esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yokufunxa
① Ikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo. Isetyenziselwa ukucokisa ulwakhiwo olurhabaxa kakhulu oluneempawu ezimbi zoomatshini emva kokuphosa, ukubunjwa kunye nokuwelda kwentsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi kunye nephantsi. Fudumeza i-workpiece ukuya kwi-30-50 ° C ngaphezu kweqondo lokushisa apho i-ferrite iguqulwa ngokupheleleyo ibe yi-austenite, yigcine ishushu ixesha elithile, kwaye upholise ngokukhawuleza ngesithando somlilo. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokupholisa, i-austenite iya kuguqula kwakhona ukwenza isakhiwo sensimbi sincinci.
② I-Spheroidizing annealing. Isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ubunzima obuphezulu bensimbi yesixhobo kunye nentsimbi yokuthwala emva kokubumba. I-workpiece ishushu kwi-20-40 ° C ngaphezu kweqondo lokushisa apho intsimbi iqala ukwenza i-austenite, kwaye ipholile ngokukhawuleza emva kokugcinwa kobushushu. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokupholisa, i-lamellar cementite kwi-pearlite iba yi-spherical, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ubunzima.
③ Ukukhutshwa kwe-Isothermal. Isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuqina okuphezulu kwezinye iintsimbi zesakhiwo se-alloy kunye ne-nickel ephezulu kunye nomxholo we-chromium wokusika. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iqala ukupholisa kubushushu obungazinzanga be-austenite ngesantya esikhawulezayo, kwaye igcinwe ixesha elifanelekileyo, i-austenite iya kuguqula ibe yi-troostite okanye i-sorbite, kwaye ubunzima buya kuncitshiswa.
④ Recrystallization annealing. Isetyenziselwa ukuphelisa into enzima (ukwanda kobunzima kunye nokuncipha kweplastiki) yocingo lwetsimbi kunye nepleyiti encinci kwinkqubo yokudweba okubandayo kunye nokuqengqeleka okubandayo. Ubushushu bokufudumala ngokuqhelekileyo bungama-50-150 ° C ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa apho intsimbi iqala ukwenza i-austenite. Ngaloo ndlela kuphela umphumo wokuqina womsebenzi unokupheliswa kwaye isinyithi sithambile.
⑤ Ukukhutshwa kweGraphitization. Isetyenziselwa ukuguqula intsimbi etyhidiweyo equlethe isixa esikhulu sesamente ibe yintsimbi ethambileyo etyhidiweyo eneplastiki elungileyo. Umsebenzi wenkqubo kukutshisa i-casting malunga ne-950 ° C, uyigcine ishushu ixesha elithile kwaye emva koko uyipholise ngokufanelekileyo ukubola i-cementite ukwenza iqela le-graphite ye-flocculent.
⑥ Ukukhutshwa kwe-diffusion. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-homogenize ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali ze-alloy castings kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwabo. Indlela yokutshisa i-casting kwiqondo eliphezulu lobushushu obunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokunyibilika, kwaye uyigcine ishushu ixesha elide, kwaye emva koko ipholile ngokucothayo emva kokusasazwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kwi-alloy ithande ukusasazwa ngokulinganayo.
⑦ Ukuphelisa uxinzelelo. Isetyenziselwa ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lweentsimbi zentsimbi kunye ne-weldments. Kwiimveliso zetsimbi kunye nentsimbi ezifudumalayo kwi-100-200 ° C ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa apho i-austenite iqala ukwenza, ukupholisa emoyeni emva kokugcinwa kobushushu kunokuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.
Ukucima, inkqubo yonyango lobushushu kwiintsimbi kunye neglasi. Ukufudumeza iimveliso ze-alloy okanye iglasi kwiqondo lokushisa elithile, kwaye emva koko ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza emanzini, ioli okanye umoya, ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziselwa ukwandisa ubulukhuni kunye namandla e-alloy. Ngokuqhelekileyo eyaziwa ngokuba yi "dipping fire". Unyango ubushushu Metal ukuba reheat workpiece ucime ukuya kwiqondo lobushushu elifanelekileyo elisezantsi kunobushushu asezantsi ebalulekileyo, kwaye ke ipholise emoyeni, amanzi, ioli kunye nezinye imidiya emva kokuba ebambe ixesha elithile.
Izinto zokusebenza zentsimbi zinezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kokucima:
①Ukungalingani (oko kukuthi, ukungazinzi) izakhiwo ezifana ne-martensite, i-bainite, kunye ne-austenite egciniweyo ifunyenwe.
②Kukho uxinzelelo olukhulu lwangaphakathi.
③Iimpawu zomatshini azikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno. Ke ngoko, izixhobo zokusebenza zentsimbi ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka zithotywe emva kokucima.
Indima yokuthoba
① Ukuphucula ukuzinza kwesakhiwo, ukwenzela ukuba i-workpiece ayisayi kuphinda iguqulwe izicubu ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ukwenzela ukuba ubukhulu bejometri kunye nokusebenza komsebenzi kuya kuhlala kuzinzile.
② Ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kweiindawo zecnckwaye uzinzise imilinganiselo yejometri yeiindawo ezigayiweyo.
③ Lungisa iimpawu zomatshini zentsimbi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa.
*Isizathu sokuba ubushushu bunezi ziphumo kukuba xa iqondo lobushushu linyuka, ukusebenza kwee-athom kuyanda, kwaye iiathom ze-iron, ikhabhoni kunye nezinye izinto ezisebenza kwintsimbi zinokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza ukuze ziqonde ukuhlengahlengiswa kweeathom, ngaloo ndlela zizenza zingazinzi. Intlangano engalungelelananga ngokuthe ngcembe iguqukela ekubeni yintlangano ezinzileyo elungeleleneyo. Ukukhululeka koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kukwanxulumene nokuhla kwamandla esinyithi njengoko ubushushu bukhula. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa insimbi iyancipha, ubunzima kunye namandla ayancipha, kwaye iplastiki iyanda. Okukhona ubushushu bobushushu buphezulu, kokukhona utshintsho olukhulu kwezi mpawu zomatshini. Ezinye iintsimbi ze-alloy ezinomxholo ophezulu wezinto ezixutywayo ziya kuphazamisa ezinye iikhompawundi zetsimbi ezicolekileyo xa zivutha kuluhlu oluthile lobushushu, oluya kwandisa amandla kunye nobunzima.
Lo mcimbi ubizwa ngokuba lukhuni okwesibini.
Iimfuno zokunciphisa:izixhobo zokusebenza ezinosetyenziso olwahlukileyo kufuneka zithotywe kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezisetyenziswayo.
① Izixhobo zokusika, iibheringi, iindawo ezitshisiweyo kunye nezicinyiweyo, kunye neendawo ezicinyiweyo kumphezulu zihlala zipholile kwiqondo lobushushu elingaphantsi kwama-250 ° C. Emva kokushisa okuphantsi kobushushu, ubunzima abutshintshi kakhulu, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi luyancipha, kwaye ukuqina kuphucula kancinci.
② Intwasahlobo igxininiswe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakathi kwi-350-500 ° C ukufumana ukuqina okuphezulu kunye nokuqina okufunekayo.
③ Amacandelo enziwe ngentsimbi ephakathi ye-carbon structural idla ngokuba ngubushushu obuphezulu be-500-600 ° C ukufumana indibaniselwano elungileyo yamandla kunye nokuqina.
Inkqubo yokucoca ubushushu bokucima kunye nobushushu obuphezulu obuphezulu bubizwa ngokuba yi-quenching kunye nokuvutha.
Xa intsimbi ishushu malunga ne-300 ° C, i-brittleness yayo idla ngokunyuka. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba luhlobo lokuqala lokucaphuka komsindo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akufuneki ukuba ifakwe kwiqondo lokushisa. Ezinye iintsimbi ze-carbon alloy structural steels nazo zithande ukuba brittle ukuba zithe zapholiswa kancinane kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi emva kobushushu obuphezulu. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba luhlobo lwesibini lokucaphuka. Ukongezwa kwe-molybdenum kwintsimbi, okanye ukupholisa kwioli okanye emanzini ngexesha lokufudumala, kunokuthintela uhlobo lwesibini lomsindo. Le brittleness inokupheliswa ngokufudumeza uhlobo lwesibini lwentsimbi evuthukileyo kwiqondo lobushushu lokuqala.
Ukufakwa kwentsimbi
Ingqikelelo: Intsimbi iyafudumeza, igcinwe ishushu kwaye emva koko ipholiswe kancinane ukufumana inkqubo ekufutshane nesakhiwo sokulingana.
1. Ikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo
Inkqubo: ukufudumeza i-Ac3 ngaphezu kwe-30-50°C → ugcino lobushushu → ukupholisa phantsi ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-500°C ngesithando somlilo → ukupholisa umoya kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi.
Injongo: ukulungisa iinkozo, isakhiwo esifanayo, ukuphucula ukuqina kweplastiki, ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, kunye nokuququzelela umatshini.
2. I-Isothermal annealing
Inkqubo: Ukufudumeza ngaphezu kwe-Ac3 → ugcino lobushushu → ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kwiqondo lobushushu bepearlite → ukuhlala kwe-isothermal → inguqu ibe ngu-P → ukupholisa komoya ophuma ezikweni;
Injongo: Kuyafana nangasentla. Kodwa ixesha lifutshane, kulula ukulawula, kunye ne-deoxidation kunye ne-decarburization encinci. (Isebenza kwintsimbi yealloyi kunye nekhabhoni enkuluiindawo zentsimbi zokutshizakunye ne-supercooling ezinzileyo ngokwentelekiso A).
3. I-Spheroidizing annealing
Ingcamango:Yinkqubo ye-spheroidizing cementite kwintsimbi.
Izinto:Iintsimbi ze-Eutectoid kunye ne-hypereutectoid
Inkqubo:
(1) I-Isothermal spheroidizing ukufudumeza kwe-anneal ngaphezu kwe-Ac1 ukuya kuma-20-30 degrees → ugcino lobushushu → ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza ukuya kumaqondo angama-20 ngaphantsi kwe-Ar1 → isothermal → ukupholisa ukuya kumaqondo angama-600 ngeziko → ukupholisa umoya ophuma ezikweni.
(2) Isifudumezi esiqhelekileyo sokutshisa i-ac1 ngaphezu kwama-20-30 degrees → ugcino lobushushu → ukupholisa okucothayo kakhulu ukuya kuma-600 degrees → ukupholisa komoya eziko. (Umjikelo omde, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphantsi, akusebenzi).
Injongo: ukunciphisa ubunzima, ukuphucula iplastiki kunye nokuqina, kunye nokuququzelela ukusika.
Inkqubo: Yenza i-sheet okanye i-network cementite ibe yigranular (engqukuva)
Ingcaciso: Xa i-annealing kunye nokufudumeza, isakhiwo asikho ngokupheleleyo i-A, ngoko ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-annealing engaphelelanga.
4. Ukuphelisa uxinzelelo
Inkqubo: ukufudumeza kubushushu obuthile obungaphantsi kwe-Ac1 (500-650 degrees) → ugcino lobushushu → ukupholisa okucothayo kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi.
Injongo: Qeda intsalela yoxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lokuphosa, i-forgings, i-weldments, njl., kwaye uzinzise ubungakanani beiindawo zomatshini ezilungiselelweyo.
Ukufudumeza kwentsimbi
Inkqubo: Hlaziya intsimbi ecinyiweyo kwiqondo lokushisa elingaphantsi kwe-A1 kwaye uyigcine ishushu, emva koko ipholile (ngokuqhelekileyo ipholile emoyeni) kwiqondo lokushisa.
Injongo: Ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olubangelwa ukucima, ukuzinzisa ubungakanani be-workpiece, ukunciphisa i-brittleness, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kokusika.
Iimpawu zoomatshini: Njengoko iqondo lokushisa linyuka, ubunzima kunye namandla ayancipha, ngelixa iplastiki kunye nokuqina kukhula.
1. Ukushisa okuphantsi kobushushu: 150-250 ℃, amaxesha e-M, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kunye nokuqina, ukuphucula ukuqina kweplastiki, kunobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokunxiba. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo zokulinganisa, iimela kunye neebheringi eziqengqelekayo, njl.
2. Ukufudumala kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakathi: 350-500 ° C, ixesha le-T, kunye ne-elasticity ephezulu, iplastiki ethile kunye nobunzima. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-springs, i-forging dies, njl.
3. Ubushushu obuphezulu bobushushu: 500-650 ℃, ixesha le-S, kunye neempawu ezilungileyo ezibanzi zoomatshini. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza iigiya, ii-crankshafts, njl.
I-Anebon ibonelela ngokuqina okugqwesileyo kokugqwesileyo kunye nokuqhubela phambili, ukuthengisa, intengiso enkulu kunye nokukhuthaza kunye nokusebenza kwe-OEM/ODM Manufacturer Precision Iron Stainless Steel. Ukususela ekusekweni kweyunithi yokuvelisa, i-Anebon ngoku izibophelele kwinkqubela phambili yempahla entsha. Kunye nesantya sezentlalo nezoqoqosho, siza kuqhubeka ukuqhubela phambili umoya “wokugqwesa okuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle, ukusungula izinto ezintsha, imfezeko”, kwaye sihlale nomgaqo wokusebenza “wetyala ekuqaleni, umthengi wokuqala, umgangatho olungileyo ogqwesileyo”. I-Anebon iya kuvelisa ikamva elihle elibonakalayo kwimveliso yeenwele kunye namaqabane ethu.
Umenzi we-OEM/ODM waseTshayina ukuCasa kunye nokuCasa ngeNsimbi, Uyilo, ukusetyenzwa, ukuthenga, ukuhlola, ukugcinwa, ukudibanisa inkqubo zonke zikwinkqubo yenzululwazi nesebenzayo yamaxwebhu, ukwandisa inqanaba lokusetyenziswa kunye nokuthembeka kophawu lwethu ngokunzulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iAnebon ibe ngumboneleli ogqwesileyo. Iindidi ezine zemveliso ezinkulu, ezinje ngomatshini we-CNC, iinxalenye zokugaya ze-CNC, ukujika kwe-CNC kunye nokuphosa ngentsimbi.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-15-2023