Emva kokufaka i-turret kwi-lathe ye-CNC yam, ndaqala ukucinga malunga nendlela yokuyinxiba ngezixhobo ezifunekayo. Izinto eziphembelela ukukhethwa kwesixhobo kubandakanya amava angaphambili, iingcebiso zengcali, kunye nophando. Ndingathanda ukwabelana ngezinto ezilithoba ezibalulekileyo zokukunceda ekusetezeni izixhobo kwilathe yeCNC yakho. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ezi zingcebiso nje, kwaye izixhobo zinokufuna ukulungiswa ngokusekelwe kwimisebenzi ethile ekhoyo.
#1 OD Izixhobo ezirhabaxa
Kunqabile ukuba umsebenzi ugqitywe ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezirhabaxa ze-OD. Ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ze-OD, ezifana ne-CNMG ne-WNMG ezidumileyo, ziyasetyenziswa.
Kukho abasebenzisi abaninzi bokufaka zombini, kwaye eyona ngxoxo ingcono kukuba i-WNMG ingasetyenziselwa imivalo ekruqulayo kwaye inokuchaneka okungcono, ngelixa abaninzi becinga ukuba i-CNMG ifake i-robust.
Xa sixoxa ngokurhabaxa, kufuneka siqwalasele nokujongana nezixhobo. Kuba kukho inani eliqingqiweyo leefluti ezikhoyo kwi-lathe turret, abanye abantu basebenzisa isixhobo se-OD sokujongana. Oku kusebenza kakuhle okoko nje ugcina ubunzulu bokusika obungaphantsi kommandla wempumlo wofakelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umsebenzi wakho ubandakanya ukujongana okuninzi, unokufuna ukucinga ngokusebenzisa isixhobo esijongene nokujongana. Ukuba ujongene nokhuphiswano, ufakelo lweCCGT/CCMT lukhetho oludumileyo.
#2 Ekhohlo vs. IziXhobo zaMacala Asekunene zokuRhwaqalisa
Imela yeHook yasekhohlo ye-CNMG (LH)
Imela yecala lasekunene le-CNMG (RH)
Kuhlala kukho into eninzi yokuxoxa malunga ne-LH vs. RH tooling, njengoko zombini iintlobo zezixhobo zineenzuzo kunye nezingeloncedo.
Isixhobo se-RH sibonelela ngenzuzo yokuguquguquka kwesalathiso sokusonta, kuphelisa imfuneko yokubuyisela umva isalathiso sokusonta. Oku kunciphisa ukuguga kumatshini, kukhawulezisa inkqubo, kwaye kunqande ukuqhuba i-spindle kwicala elingalunganga lesixhobo.
Kwelinye icala, izixhobo ze-LH zibonelela ngamandla angakumbi ehashe kwaye zifaneleka ngakumbi ukurhabaxa. Ilawula amandla ezantsi kwi-lathe, inciphisa incoko, iphucula umphezulu wokugqiba, kwaye iququzelela usetyenziso lokupholisa.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba sixoxa ngombambi wecala lasekunene eliguqulelwe phantsi ngokuchasene nomnini wecala lasekunene phezulu. Lo mahluko kwi-orientation uphembelela isalathiso se-spindle kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ukongeza, izixhobo ze-LH zenza kube lula ukutshintsha ii-blades ngenxa yoqwalaselo lomnini wecala lasekunene.
Ukuba oko bekungenzima ngokwaneleyo, ungasijikela phantsi isixhobo kwaye usisebenzise ukusika kwelinye icala. Qinisekisa nje ukuba i-spindle isebenza ngendlela echanekileyo.
#3 OD Ukugqiba izixhobo
Abanye abantu basebenzisa isixhobo esifanayo kokubini ukurhabaxa kunye nokugqiba, kodwa kukho iindlela ezingcono zokufezekisa eyona nto ingcono. Abanye bakhetha ukusebenzisa ukufakwa okuhlukeneyo kwisixhobo ngasinye - enye i-roughing kunye neyokugqiba, eyona ndlela ingcono. Ufakelo olutsha lunokufakwa ekuqaleni kumatshini wokugqiba emva koko luhanjiswe kumatshini wokurhaxa xa lungasekho bukhali kangako. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhetha ukufakela okungafaniyo kokwenza urhabaxa kunye nokugqiba kubonelela ngowona msebenzi mkhulu kunye nokuguquguquka.Olona khetho luqhelekileyo lokufakela ukugqiba izixhobo endizifumanayo yi-DNMG (ngasentla) kunye ne-VNMG (ngezantsi):
Ukufakwa kwe-VNMG kunye ne-CNMG kufana kakhulu, kodwa i-VNMG ifanelekele ukusika okungqongqo. Kubalulekile ukuba isixhobo sokugqiba sikwazi ukufikelela kwiindawo ezixinene ngolo hlobo. Kanye njengakumatshini wokungqusha apho uqala khona ngomsiki omkhulu ukurhabaxa epokothweni kodwa emva koko utshintshele kwisisiki esincinci ukufikelela kwiikona eziqinileyo, umgaqo ofanayo uyasebenza ekujikeni. Ukongeza, ezi zifakelo zibhityileyo, ezifana ne-VNMG, ziququzelela ukukhutshwa kwe-chip ngcono xa kuthelekiswa nokufakwa okurhabaxa okufana ne-CNMG. Iitshiphusi ezincinci zihlala zibanjiswa phakathi kwamacala ofakelo lwe-80 ° kunye nesixhobo somsebenzi, okukhokelela ekungafezekiyo ekugqityweni. Ke ngoko, ukususwa okusebenzayo kweechips kubalulekile ukunqanda ukonakalisacnc machining amalungu metal.
#4 Izixhobo zokusika
Uninzi lwemisebenzi ebandakanya ukusika iinxalenye ezininzi kwisitokhwe sebha enye iya kufuna isixhobo esisikiweyo. Kule meko, kuya kufuneka ulayishe i-turret yakho ngesixhobo esisikiweyo. Uninzi lwabantu lubonakala lukhetha uhlobo lwesisiki esinokufakwa endaweni enye, njengale ndiyisebenzisa ngokufaka isimbo se-GTN:
Izitayile ezincinci zokufakela zikhethwa, kwaye ezinye zingade zibe zizandla zokuphucula ukusebenza kwazo.
Isifakeli esisikiweyo sinokusebenza nezinye iinjongo eziluncedo. Umzekelo, imiphetho yetshisel ethile inokujongwa ukunciphisa i-slug kwelinye icala. Ukongeza, ezinye izinto ezifakelweyo zinerediyasi yempumlo, ezenza zikwazi ukusetyenziselwa umsebenzi wokujika. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iradiyasi encinci kwincam inokuba ncinane kunodayamitha yangaphandle enkulu (OD) yokugqiba iradiyasi yempumlo.
Ngaba uyazi ukuba yintoni umphumo wesantya sokusika ubuso kunye nesantya sokutya kwi-CNC machining part process process?
Isantya somsiki wokusila ubuso kunye nesantya sokutya ziiparamitha ezibalulekileyo kwiInkqubo yomatshini yeCNCeziphembelela kakhulu umgangatho, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye neendleko-zokusebenza zamalungu omatshini. Nantsi indlela le miba eyichaphazela ngayo inkqubo:
Isantya sokusika uBuso (Spindle Speed)
Ukugqitywa komphezulu:
Izantya eziphezulu zikhokelela ekugqityweni komphezulu ophuculweyo ngenxa yokunyuka kwesantya sokusika, okunokunciphisa uburhabaxa bomphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, isantya esiphezulu kakhulu sinokuthi ngamanye amaxesha sibangele umonakalo oshushu okanye ukunxiba okugqithisileyo kwisixhobo, esinokuthi sibe nefuthe elibi kumphezulu womhlaba.
Isinxibo sesixhobo:
Izantya eziphakamileyo zonyusa izinga lokushisa kwinqanaba lokusika, elinokukhawulezisa ukugqoka izixhobo.
Isantya esiphezulu kufuneka sikhethwe ukulinganisela ukusika ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunxiba kwesixhobo esincinci.
Ixesha loMatshini:
Ukunyuka kwezantya kunokunciphisa ixesha lomatshini, ukuphucula imveliso.
Izantya ezigqithisileyo zikhokelela kubomi obuncitshisiweyo besixhobo, ukwandisa ixesha lokunciphisa izixhobo.
Ireyithi yokutyisa
Ixabiso lokuSuswa kwezinto (MRR):
Amazinga aphezulu okutya anyusa izinga lokususwa kwezinto, ngaloo ndlela anciphisa ixesha lomatshini elipheleleyo.
Amazinga aphezulu kakhulu okutya anokukhokelela ekugqityweni komphezulu ombi kunye nomonakalo onokwenzeka kwisixhobo kunye nomsebenzi.
Ukugqitywa komphezulu:
Amazinga okutya asezantsi avelisa ukugqitywa komphezulu ocolekileyo njengoko isixhobo senza ukusikwa okuncinci.
Amazinga aphezulu esondlo anokwenza iindawo ezirhabaxa ngenxa yomthwalo wetshiphu ezinkulu.
Umthwalo wesixhobo kunye noBomi:
Amazinga aphezulu okutya anyusa umthwalo kwisixhobo, okukhokelela kumazinga aphezulu okunxiba kunye nobomi besixhobo obunokuba bufutshane. Amazinga esondlo afanelekileyo kufuneka azimisele ukulungelelanisa ukususwa kwezinto ezisebenzayo kunye nobomi besixhobo obamkelekileyo. Isiphumo esidityanisiweyo sesantya kunye nesantya sokutya
Amandla okusika:
Zombini isantya esiphezulu kunye namazinga okutya anyusa amandla okusika abandakanyekayo kwinkqubo. Kubalulekile ukulungelelanisa ezi parameters ukugcina amandla alawulekayo kunye nokuphepha ukuphambuka kwesixhobo okanye ukuguqulwa kwesixhobo sokusebenza.
IsiZukulwana soBubushushu:
Izantya ezongeziweyo kunye namazinga okutya omabini anegalelo kwimveliso ephezulu yobushushu. Ukulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo kwezi parameters, kunye nokupholisa okwaneleyo, kuyimfuneko ukukhusela umonakalo we-thermal kwi-workpiece kunye nesixhobo.
Ubuso Milling Basics
Yintoni ukucola ubuso?
Xa usebenzisa icala le-end Mill, ibizwa ngokuba "yi-peripheral milling." Ukuba sinqumle ukusuka ezantsi, kubizwa ngokuba yi-face milling, eqhele ukwenziwa ngayongokuchanekileyo cnc millingabasiki ababizwa ngokuba “yimills yobuso” okanye “ishell mills.” Ezi ntlobo zimbini zabasiki bokungqusha ziyinto enye.
Ungeva kwakhona "ukugungqa kobuso," okubizwa ngokuba "yi-surface milling." Xa ukhetha ilitye lokusila, qwalasela i-diameter ye-cutter- ziza ngobukhulu kunye nobukhulu obuncinci. Khetha idiamitha yesixhobo ukuze isantya sokusika, isantya sokutya, isantya sokusonta, kunye neemfuno zamandla ehashe lokusikwa zibe ngaphakathi kobuchule bomatshini wakho. Kungcono ukusebenzisa isixhobo esinobubanzi bokusika esikhulu kunendawo osebenza kuyo, nangona ii-mill ezinkulu zidinga i-spindle enamandla ngakumbi kwaye zisenokungangeni kwiindawo ezixineneyo.
Inani loFakelo:
Ukufakwa ngakumbi, imiphetho yokusika ngakumbi, kwaye ngokukhawuleza isantya sokutya somatshini wobuso. Izantya eziphakamileyo zokusika zithetha ukuba umsebenzi unokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza. Izingqusho zobuso ezinefakelo nje enye zibizwa ngokuba ngabasiki bempukane. Kodwa ukukhawuleza ngamanye amaxesha kungcono. Kufuneka ulungelelanise ubude bomntu ngamnye kuzo zonke izinto ezifakiweyo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba i-multi-cutting-edge face mill ifikelela kwisiphelo esigudileyo njenge-single-insert fly cutter. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubukhulu be-diameter ye-cutter, ukufakwa okungaphezulu kuya kufuneka.
Ijometri: Oku kuxhomekeke kwimilo yezinto ezifakiweyo kunye nendlela ezikhuselwe ngayo kwindawo yokusila.
Makhe sijonge lo mbuzo wejometri ngokusondeleyo.
Ukukhetha eyona mill yobuso: i-45-degree okanye i-90-degree?
Xa sibhekisela kuma-degrees angama-45 okanye ama-90 degrees, sithetha nge-angle ye-cutting edge kwi-milling cutter insert. Ngokomzekelo, i-cutter ekhohlo ine-angle yokusika ye-degrees ye-45 kunye ne-cutter echanekileyo ine-angle yokusika ye-90 degrees. Le engile ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-lead angle yomsiki.
Nalu olona luhlu lusebenzayo lweejiyometri ezahlukeneyo zeqokobhe lokusila:
Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo ze-45-degree Face Milling
Izinto eziluncedo:
Ngokuka-Sandvik kunye ne-Kennametal, abasiki be-45-degree bayacetyiswa ukuba bagaye ubuso ngokubanzi. Ingqiqo kukuba ukusebenzisa i-45-degree cutters kulinganisa amandla okusika, okukhokelela kumandla axial kunye ne-radial. Olu lungelelwano aluphuculi kuphela umphezulu wokugqiba kodwa lukwanceda iibheringi zokuphotha ngokunciphisa kunye nokulinganisa amandla eradial.
-Ukusebenza ngcono ekungeneni nasekuphumeni - impembelelo encinci, ukuthambekela kokuqhambuka.
-I-45-degrees cut edges ingcono ekusikeni okufunwayo.
-Ukugqiba okungcono komphezulu - 45 unokugqiba okungcono kakhulu. Ukungcangcazela okusezantsi, amandla alungeleleneyo, kunye nejometri yokungena ngcono zizizathu ezithathu.
-Isiphumo sokuncipha kwetshiphu siyakhaba kwaye sikhokelela kumazinga aphezulu esondlo. Izantya zokusika eziphezulu zithetha ukususwa kwezinto eziphezulu, kwaye umsebenzi wenziwa ngokukhawuleza.
-i-45-degree-face Mills nazo zinezinye izinto ezingalunganga:
-Ukunciphisa ubunzulu obukhulu bokusika ngenxa ye-angle ekhokelayo.
-Iidayimitha ezinkulu zinokubangela imiba yococeko.
-Akukho 90-degree angle milling okanye igxalaba lokusila
-Inokubangela ukutshiphuzwa okanye iibhutsi kwicala lokuphuma lokujikeleza kwesixhobo.
-I-90 degrees isebenza ngaphantsi kwe-lateral (axial) amandla, malunga nesiqingatha kakhulu. Olu phawu lunenzuzo kwiindonga ezincinci, apho amandla amaninzi angabangela incoko yezinto eziphathekayo kunye neminye imiba. Kukwaluncedo xa ubambe inxalenye ngokuqinileyo kwi-fixture kunzima okanye akunakwenzeka.
Masingalibali ngezingqusho zobuso. Badibanisa ezinye zeenzuzo zohlobo ngalunye lwe-face mill kwaye nazo zinamandla kakhulu. Ukuba kufuneka usebenze ngezinto ezinzima, ukugaya inokuba lolona khetho lulungileyo. Ukuba ukhangele iziphumo ezigqibeleleyo, ngoko unokufuna i-fly cutter. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-fly cutter ibonelela ngezona ziphumo zomgangatho ophezulu. Ngendlela, unokuguqula ngokulula nayiphi na i-face mill ibe yi-fly cutter enhle kunye nomphetho omnye wokusika.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-18-2024