IiBurrs ngumcimbi oqhelekileyo kwi-metal processing. Nokuba zeziphi izixhobo ezichanekileyo ezisetyenzisiweyo, iibhula ziyakwenziwa kwimveliso yokugqibela. Zizintsalela zetsimbi ezigqithisileyo ezenziwe kwimiphetho yezinto ezicutshungulwayo ngenxa yokuguqulwa kweplastiki, ngakumbi kwizinto ezinobunzima obuhle okanye ukuqina.
Iindidi eziphambili zee-burrs ziquka ii-flash burrs, ii-burrs ezibukhali, kunye ne-splashes. Ezi ntsalela zetsimbi eziphumayo azihlangabezani neemfuno zoyilo lwemveliso. Okwangoku, akukho ndlela esebenzayo yokuphelisa ngokupheleleyo lo mbandela kwinkqubo yokuvelisa. Ke ngoko, iinjineli kufuneka zigxile ekususeni ii-burrs kumanqanaba omva wokuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso iyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo zikhoyo zokususa ii-burrs kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokubanzi, iindlela zokususa i-burrs zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezine:
1. Ibakala elirhabaxa (uqhagamshelo olunzima)
Olu luhlu lubandakanya ukusika, ukugaya, ukufayila, kunye nokukhuhla.
2. Ibakala eliqhelekileyo (uqhagamshelwano oluthambileyo)
Olu didi lubandakanya ukucola ibhanti, ukuqhotsa, ukucola i-elastic, ukucola ivili, kunye nokupholisha.
3. Ibakala elichanekileyo (uqhagamshelwano oluguquguqukayo)
Olu didi lubandakanya ukugungxulwa, ukusetyenzwa kwe-electrochemical, ukugaya i-electrolytic, kunye nokuqengqeleka.
4. Ibakala elichanekileyo kakhulu (uqhagamshelwano oluchanekileyo)
Olu didi lubandakanya iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqhawula, ezifana ne-abrasive flow deburring, i-magnetic grinding deburring, i-electrolytic deburring, i-thermal deburring, kunye ne-radium eshinyeneyo ene-ultrasonic deburring. Ezi ndlela zinokufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokuchaneka kokucubungula.
Xa ukhetha indlela yokucima, kubalulekile ukuthathela ingqalelo izinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iipropathi zezinto zamalungu, ukumila kwazo, ubungakanani, kunye nokuchaneka, kwaye unike ingqwalasela eyodwa kutshintsho kuburhabaxa bomphezulu, ukunyamezelwa komgangatho, ukuguqulwa, kunye nentsalela. uxinzelelo.
I-Electrolytic deburring yindlela yekhemikhali esetyenziselwa ukususa i-burrs kwiindawo zetsimbi emva komatshini, ukugaya, okanye ukunyathela. Iyakwazi ukujikeleza okanye i-chamfer iindawo ezibukhali zamalungu. NgesiNgesi, le ndlela ibizwa ngokuba yi-ECD, emele i-Electrolytic Capacitive Discharge. Ngethuba lenkqubo, i-cathode yesixhobo (ehlala yenziwe ngobhedu) ibekwe kufuphi nenxalenye evuthayo ye-workpiece kunye ne-gap ngokuqhelekileyo i-0.3-1 mm phakathi kwabo. Icandelo eliqhubayo lesixhobo se-cathode lihambelana nomda we-burr, kwaye ezinye iindawo zigqunywe nge-insulating layer ukuze zigxininise isenzo se-electrolytic kwi-burr.
Isixhobo cathode iqhagamshelwe kwipali embi yonikezelo lwamandla DC, ngelixa workpiece iqhagamshelwe kwipali elungileyo. I-electrolyte ephantsi yoxinzelelo (ngokuqhelekileyo i-nitrate ye-sodium okanye i-sodium chlorate isisombululo se-aqueous) kunye noxinzelelo lwe-0.1-0.3MPa ihamba phakathi kwe-workpiece kunye ne-cathode. Xa umbane we-DC uvuliwe, ii-burrs zisuswa ngokuchithwa kwe-anode kwaye zithathwe yi-electrolyte.
Emva kokuchithwa, i-workpiece kufuneka ihlambuluke kwaye i-rust-proofed kuba i-electrolyte i-corrosive kumlinganiselo othile. I-Electrolytic deburring ilungele ukususa ii-burrs kwimingxunya efihliweyo enqamlezileyo okanye iindawo ezinokwakheka okuntsokothileyo kwaye iyaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kwemveliso, ihlala ithatha imizuzwana embalwa ukuya kumashumi emizuzwana ukugqiba inkqubo. Le ndlela iqhele ukusetyenziselwa iigiya zokuqhawula, ii-splines, iirodi zokudibanisa, imizimba yevalvu, imingxuma yeoyile yecrankshaft, kunye nokujikeleza iikona ezibukhali. Nangona kunjalo, i-drawback yale ndlela kukuba indawo ejikeleze i-burr ikwachatshazelwa yi-electrolysis, ibangela ukuba umphezulu ulahlekelwe yigloss yayo yangaphambili kwaye inokuthi ichaphazele ukuchaneka komda.
Ukongeza kwi-electrolytic deburring, kukho ezinye iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokuqhawula:
1. Ukuqukuqela kweenkozo ezirhabaxa ukuya kwi-deburr
Itekhnoloji yokuqhuba i-Abrasive flow yindlela entsha yokugqiba kakuhle kunye nokukhupha imali eyathi yaphuhliswa phesheya ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1970. Isebenza ngokukodwa ekususeni i-burrs kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokuvelisa. Nangona kunjalo, ayifanelekanga ukusetyenzwa kwemingxuma emincinci, emide, okanye i-metal molds evaliweyo.
2. Ukusila ngemagnethi ukukhupha
Ukusila ngemagnethi ukuze kugxothwe kwavela kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union, eBulgaria, nakwamanye amazwe aseMpuma Yurophu ngeminyaka yoo-1960. Phakathi kwiminyaka yee-1980, uphando olunzulu malunga nendlela kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo lwenziwa nguNiche.
Ngexesha lokugaya imagnethi, i-workpiece ifakwa kwimagnethi eyenziwe zizibonda ezimbini zemagnethi. I-abrasive magnetic ifakwe kwi-gap phakathi kwendawo yokusebenza kunye ne-pole magnetic, kwaye i-abrasive icwangciswe kakuhle ecaleni kwendlela yomgca wemagnethi phantsi kwesenzo samandla omhlaba wemagnethi ukwenza ibrashi yokusila ethambileyo neqinile. Xa i-workpiece ijikeleza i-shaft kwi-magnetic vibration ye-axial vibration, i-workpiece kunye ne-abrasive material ihamba ngokulinganayo, kunye ne-brush ye-abrasive igaya umphezulu we-workpiece.
Indlela yokugaya imagnethi inokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ngokukhawuleza igaye kunye ne-deburr iinxalenye, kwaye ifanele iinxalenye zezinto ezahlukeneyo, ubukhulu obuninzi, kunye nezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo. Yindlela yokugqiba notyalo-mali oluphantsi, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, ukusetyenziswa okubanzi, kunye nomgangatho olungileyo.
Okwangoku, ishishini liye lakwazi ukugaya kunye nokucima indawo yangaphakathi nangaphandle ye-rotator, iindawo ezinqamlekileyo, amazinyo e-gear, iiprofayili eziyinkimbinkimbi, njl., Susa isikali se-oxide kwintambo yocingo, kwaye uhlambulule ibhodi yesiphaluka eprintiweyo.
3. Ukuchithwa kwe-thermal
I-Thermal deburring (TED) yinkqubo esebenzisa i-hydrogen, ioksijini, okanye umxube wegesi yendalo kunye ne-oxygen ukutshisa ii-burrs kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Indlela ibandakanya ukwazisa i-oksijini kunye negesi yendalo okanye i-oksijini yodwa kwisitya esivaliweyo kwaye siyitshise ngeplagi ye-spark, ebangela ukuba umxube uqhume kwaye ukhulule ubuninzi bamandla obushushu obususa ii-burrs. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba i-workpiece itshiswe ngokuqhushumba, i-powder oxidized iya kubambelela kumphezulu womlilo.Iimveliso ze-CNCkwaye kufuneka icocwe okanye ifakwe emanzini.
4. I-Miradium i-ultrasonic deburring enamandla
Itekhnoloji eyomeleleyo ye-Milarum ye-ultrasonic deburring iye yaba yindlela edumileyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Iqhayisa ngokucoca ngokucokisekileyo amaxesha angama-10 ukuya kuma-20 aphezulu kunalawo abacoci be-ultrasonic abaqhelekileyo. I-tank yenzelwe i-cavities elinganayo kunye ne-densely distribution cavities, evumela ukuba inkqubo ye-ultrasonic igqitywe kwimizuzu emi-5 ukuya kwe-15 ngaphandle kwesidingo sokucoca.
Nazi iindlela ezilishumi eziqhelekileyo zokukhupha:
1) Ukuhlawula ngesandla
Le ndlela iqhele ukusetyenziswa ngamashishini aqhelekileyo, asebenzisa iifayile, i-sandpaper, kunye neentloko zokusila njengezixhobo ezincedisayo. Iifayile zencwadana kunye nezixhobo zomoya ziyafumaneka.
Iindleko zabasebenzi ziphezulu, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kunokuphuculwa, ngakumbi xa kususwa imingxunya enqamlezileyo. Iimfuno zobugcisa zabasebenzi azifuni kakhulu, okwenza ukuba zilungele iimveliso ezinama-burrs amancinci kunye nezakhiwo ezilula.
2) Die deburring
Ukufa kwemveliso kusetyenziselwa ukuhlawula nge-punch press. Ifaka umrhumo othile wemveliso kwidie (kuquka ukufa okurhabaxa kunye nefayina yokucofa isitampu) kwaye kusenokufuneka ukuba kwenziwe idayisi yokubumba. Le ndlela ifaneleke kakhulu kwiimveliso ezinobunzima bokwahlulahlula, kwaye inika ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nemiphumo yokunciphisa xa kuthelekiswa nomsebenzi wezandla.
3) Ukusila ukukhupha
Olu hlobo lwe-deburring lubandakanya iindlela ezifana ne-vibration kunye ne-sandblasting drums, kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa ngamashishini. Nangona kunjalo, ayinakususa zonke iziphene ngokupheleleyo, ezifuna ukugqiba ngesandla okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezinye iindlela ukufezekisa umphumo ococekileyo. Le ndlela ifaneleke kakhulu encinciamacandelo aguqukayoziveliswe ngobuninzi.
4) Ukumisa ukucima
Ukupholisa kusetyenziselwa ukukhupha ngokukhawuleza i-burrs, kwaye emva koko i-projectile ikhutshwe ukususa i-burrs. Isixhobo sixabisa malunga namawaka amabini ukuya kwamathathu amawaka eedola kwaye zifanelekile kwiimveliso ezinobunzima obuncinci be-burr kunye nobukhulu obuncinci.
I-5) Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-Hot blast deburring
I-Thermal energy deburring, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-explosion deburring, ibandakanya ukwalathisa irhasi ecinezelekileyo kwisithando somlilo kwaye ibangele ukuba iqhume, kunye nesiphumo samandla esisetyenzisiweyo ukunyibilikisa kunye nokususa ii-burrs.
Le ndlela ineendleko, intsonkothile yethekhinoloji, kwaye ayisebenzi kwaye inokukhokelela kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nomhlwa kunye nokonakala. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimveliso yeendawo ezichanekileyo, ngakumbi kumashishini afana neemoto kunye ne-aerospace.
6) Umatshini wokukrola ukucima
Isixhobo sinexabiso elifanelekileyo (amashumi amawaka) kwaye ifanelekile kwiimveliso ezinesakhiwo esilula sesithuba kunye nesigxina esithe ngqo kunye nesigxina sokuqhawula.
7) Ukuchithwa kweekhemikhali
Ngokusekelwe kumgaqo wokuphendula kwe-electrochemical, ukusebenza kwe-deburring kwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ngokukhetha kwiindawo zetsimbi.
Le nkqubo ifanelekile ekususeni ii-burrs zangaphakathi ekunzima ukuzisusa, kunye nee-burrs ezincinci (ngaphantsi kweengcingo ezisixhenxe ngobukhulu) kwiimveliso ezifana nemizimba yempompo kunye nemizimba yevalvu.
8) Ukuchithwa kwe-Electrolytic
I-electrolytic machining yindlela esebenzisa i-electrolysis ukususa i-burrs kwiindawo zetsimbi. I-electrolyte esetyenziswayo kule nkqubo iyonakalisa, kwaye ibangela ukuhlanjululwa kwe-electrolysis kwindawo ye-burr, nto leyo enokubangela ukulahlekelwa yi-luster yasekuqaleni kwaye ichaphazele ukuchaneka kwayo komda.
I-Electrolytic deburring ifaneleke kakuhle ukususa ii-burrs kwiindawo ezifihlakeleyo zemingxuma enqamlezileyo okanye ngaphakathiiindawo zokuphosaezinemilo entsonkothileyo. Inika ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye namaxesha okuhlawula ngokubanzi ukusuka kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kumashumi emizuzwana. Le ndlela ifanelekile kwiigiya zokuqhawula, iintsimbi zokudibanisa, imizimba yevalvu, i-orifices ye-oyile ye-crankshaft, kunye nokujikeleza iikona ezibukhali.
9) Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwejethi yamanzi
Xa amanzi esetyenziswa njengendawo ephakathi, amandla awo angoko asetyenziselwa ukuphelisa i-burrs kunye nokudanya emva kokulungiswa. Le ndlela ikwanceda ukufezekisa injongo yokucoca.
Isixhobo siyabiza kwaye sisetyenziswa ikakhulu kushishino lweemoto kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwehydraulic koomatshini bokwakha.
10) Ukuchithwa kwe-ultrasonic
Amaza e-Ultrasonic enza uxinzelelo oluphezulu olukhawulezayo lokuphelisa ii-burrs. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwii-burrs ezincinci; ukuba bafuna ukuqwalaselwa nge-microscope, i-ultrasound ingasetyenziselwa ukususwa.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-19-2024