Ii-engile zokusika ii-engile zisetyenziswa rhoqo kumatshini wemigangatho emincinci ethambekileyo kunye nezinto ezichanekileyo kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo. Zisebenza ngokukodwa kwimisebenzi enje nge-chamfering kunye ne-deburring workpieces.
Ukusetyenziswa kokwenza i-angle milling cutters kunokuchazwa ngemigaqo yetrigonometric. Apha ngezantsi, sinika imizekelo emininzi yokucwangcisa iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zeCNC.
1. Intshayelelo
Kwimveliso yokwenyani, kudla ngokuba yimfuneko ukutsala imiphetho kunye neekona zeemveliso. Oku kunokufezekiswa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezintathu zokusetyenzwa: inkqubo yokucwangcisa isiphelo selitye lokusila, inkqubo yomsiki webhola, okanye inkqubo yecontour yokusika i-engile yokusila. Ngokucwangcisa isiphelo se-mill layer, incam yesixhobo idla ngokuguga ngokukhawuleza, ekhokelela kubomi obuncitshisiweyo besixhobo [1]. Kwelinye icala, inkqubo yomsiki webhola ayisebenzi kangako, kwaye zombini iindlela zokusila kunye nezokusika ibhola zifuna inkqubo yemakhro yemanuwali, efuna inqanaba elithile lobuchule kumqhubi.
Ngokwahlukileyo, inkqubo yecontour ye-engile yokusila ifuna kuphela uhlengahlengiso kwimbuyekezo yobude besixhobo kunye namaxabiso embuyekezo yeradiyasi ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yokugqiba ikhontolo. Oku kwenza inkqubo yecontour ye-engile yokusila ibe yeyona ndlela isebenzayo phakathi kwezithathu. Nangona kunjalo, abaqhubi bahlala bexhomekeke ekusikeni kwesilingo ukulungelelanisa isixhobo. Bamisela ubude besixhobo usebenzisa i-Z-direction workpiece trial cutting method emva kokuthatha i-diameter yesixhobo. Le ndlela isebenza kuphela kwimveliso enye, ifuna ukulungiswa kwakhona xa utshintshela kwimveliso eyahlukileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kukho imfuneko ecacileyo yokuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokulinganisa isixhobo kunye neendlela zokucwangcisa.
2. Intshayelelo esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukwenza abasiki be-engile yokusila
Umzobo 1 ubonisa isixhobo esidityanisiweyo se-carbide chamfering, esiqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukucima kunye nokukhupha imida ye-contour yamacandelo. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziyi-60 °, 90 ° kunye ne-120 °.
Umzobo 1: Isiqwenga esinye se-carbide chamfering cutter
Umzobo we-2 ubonisa i-angle end mill edibeneyo, ehlala isetyenziselwa ukucubungula iindawo ezincinci ze-conical ezineengile ezisisigxina kwiindawo zokukhwelana zamacandelo. Isixhobo esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo i-tip angle ingaphantsi kwe-30 °.
Umzobo wesi-3 ubonisa i-angle-diameter milling cutter ene-indexable inserts, ehlala isetyenziselwa ukucubungula iindawo ezinkulu ezithambekele kwiindawo. I-engile yengcebiso yesixhobo yi-15 ° ukuya kwi-75 ° kwaye ingenziwa ngokwezifiso.
3. Qinisekisa indlela yokumisela isixhobo
Ezi ntlobo zintathu zezixhobo zikhankanywe ngasentla zisebenzisa umphezulu ongezantsi wesixhobo njengendawo yesalathiso yokuseta. I-Z-axis isekwe njengendawo ye-zero kwisixhobo somatshini. Umzobo 4 ubonisa indawo yokuseta isixhobo ngaphambili kwicala lika-Z.
Le ndlela yokumisela isixhobo inceda ukugcina ubude besixhobo esihambelanayo ngaphakathi kumatshini, ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka kunye neempazamo ezinokuthi zibe khona zomntu ezinxulumene nokusika isilingo somsebenzi.
4. Uhlalutyo lwemigaqo
Ukusika kubandakanya ukususwa kwezinto ezishiyekileyo kwisixhobo sokwenza iitshiphusi, okukhokelela kwisixhobo sokusebenza esinemilo yejometri echaziweyo, ubungakanani, kunye nokugqiba komphezulu. Isinyathelo sokuqala kwinkqubo yomatshini kukuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sisebenzisana nomsebenzi ngendlela ecetywayo, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 5.
Umzobo 5 I-Chamfering cutter idibene nomsebenzi wokusebenzela
Umzobo wesi-5 ubonisa ukuba ukwenza isixhobo sikwazi ukuqhagamshelana nomsebenzisi, indawo ethile kufuneka inikezelwe kwisixhobo sesixhobo. Esi sikhundla simelwe zombini izilungelelaniso ezithe tye kunye nezithe nkqo kwinqwelomoya, kunye nobubanzi besixhobo kunye nolungelelwaniso lwe-Z kwindawo yoqhagamshelwano.
Ukuqhekeka komda kwesixhobo se-chamfering ekunxibelelaneni nenxalenye kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 6. Inqaku A libonisa indawo efunekayo. Ubude bomgca BC wonyulwa njenge-LBC, ngelixa ubude bomgca AB bubhekiselwa kuwo njenge-LAB. Apha, i-LAB imele ulungelelwaniso lwe-Z-axis lwesixhobo, kwaye i-LBC ibonisa iradiyasi yesixhobo kwindawo yoqhagamshelwano.
Kumatshini osebenzayo, iradiyasi yoqhagamshelwano yesixhobo okanye ulungelelwaniso lwayo lwe-Z lungasetwa kwangaphambili. Ngenxa yokuba i-angle yengcebiso yesixhobo igxininisekile, ukwazi enye yamaxabiso asetyenzisiweyo ivumela ukubalwa kolunye usebenzisa imigaqo yetrigonometric [3]. Iifomula zezi zilandelayo: LBC = LAB * tan (isixhobo i-angle yencam/2) kunye ne-LAB = LBC / tan (i-angle yencam yesixhobo/2).
Umzekelo, usebenzisa i-carbide chamfering cutter eneqhekeza elinye, ukuba sicinga ukuba isixhobo se-Z silungelelanisa -2, sinokumisela irediyo yoqhagamshelwano yezixhobo ezithathu ezahlukeneyo: iradiyo yoqhagamshelwano ye-60 ° chamfering cutter yi-2 * tan (30 ° ) = 1.155 mm, kwi-90 ° chamfering cutter yi-2 * tan (45 °) = 2 mm, kunye ne-120 ° chamfering cutter yi-2 * tan(60 °) = 3.464 mm.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba sithatha iradiyosi yoqhagamshelwano yi-4.5 mm, singabala ulungelelwaniso lwe-Z lwezixhobo ezithathu: ulungelelwaniso lwe-Z lwe-60 ° ye-chamfer milling cutter yi-4.5 / tan (30 °) = 7.794, ye-90 ° chamfer. i-milling cutter yi-4.5 / tan (45 °) = 4.5, kunye ne-120 ° yokugaya i-chamfer umsiki yi-4.5 / tan (60 °) = 2.598.
Umzobo wesi-7 ubonisa ukophuka kwedimensional ye-engile-piece end mill edibana nenxalenye. Ngokungafaniyo neqhekeza elinye le-carbide chamfer cutter, i-angle-piece-angle end mill ibonisa i-diameter encinci kwi-tip, kunye neradiyo yoqhagamshelwano yesixhobo kufuneka ibalwe njenge (LBC + isixhobo esincinci / 2). Indlela yokubala ethile ichazwe ngezantsi.
Ifomula yokubala iradiyasi yoqhagamshelwano yesixhobo ibandakanya ubude (L), i-engile (A), ububanzi (B), kunye ne-tangent yesiqingatha se-engile yencam yesixhobo, ishwankathelwa ngesiqingatha sobubanzi obuncinci. Ngokuchaseneyo, ukufumana ulungelelwaniso lwe-Z-axis kubandakanya ukuthabatha isiqingatha sedayamitha encinci ukusuka kwiradiyasi yoqhagamshelwano lwesixhobo kunye nokwahlula isiphumo ngetangenti yesiqingatha se-engile yencam yesixhobo. Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa i-engile yokusila ehlanganisiweyo enemilinganiselo ethile, efana nolungelelwaniso lwe-axis engu-Z ye-2 kunye nedayamitha encinci ye-2mm, iya kunika i-radii yoqhagamshelwano eyahlukileyo ye-chamfer milling cutters kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo: i-20 ° cutter ivelisa iradiyasi. ye-1.352mm, i-15 ° cutter inikeza i-1.263mm, kunye ne-10 ° cutter inikeza i-1.175mm.
Ukuba siqwalasela imeko apho iradiyasi yoqhagamshelwano yesixhobo ibekwe kwi-2.5mm, i-Z-axis ehambelanayo ilungelelanisa i-chamfer milling cutters ye-degrees ezahlukeneyo inokugqithiswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: kwi-20 ° cutter, ibala ukuya kwi-8.506, kwi-15 ° umsiki kwi-11.394, kunye ne-10 ° cutter, i-17.145 ebanzi.
Le ndlela yokusebenza isetyenziswa ngokuthe gqolo kuwo wonke amanani okanye imizekelo eyahlukeneyo, igxininisa inyathelo lokuqala lokuqinisekisa ubukhulu bokwenene besixhobo. Xa kumiselwa iCNC machiningIsicwangciso, isigqibo phakathi kokubeka phambili iradiyasi yesixhobo esethiweyo okanye uhlengahlengiso lwe-Z-axis iphenjelelwaicandelo aluminiyamuyilo. Kwiimeko apho icandelo libonisa uphawu olunyukileyo, ukunqanda ukuphazamisana nomsebenzi ngokuhlengahlengisa ulungelelwaniso luka-Z kuyafuneka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwiindawo ezingenazo iimpawu ezinyuswayo, ukukhetha iradiyasi enkulu yoqhagamshelwano kunenzuzo, ukukhuthaza ukugqitywa komphezulu ongaphezulu okanye ukuphuculwa kobuchule bomatshini.
Izigqibo malunga nohlengahlengiso lweradiyasi yesixhobo ngokuchasene nokwandiswa kwereyithi yesondlo se-Z zisekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile ze-chamfer kunye ne-bevel imigama eboniswe kwiplani yenxalenye.
5. Imizekelo yokucwangcisa
Ukusuka kuhlalutyo lwemigaqo yokubala indawo yoqhagamshelwano lwesixhobo, kuyabonakala ukuba xa usebenzisa i-engile yokusila i-engile yokusila i-engile yokusila indawo etyekelelweyo, kwanele ukuseka i-angle yencam yesixhobo, i-radius encinci yesixhobo, kunye nokuba yi-Z-axis. ixabiso lokucwangcisa isixhobo okanye iradiyasi yesixhobo esetwe kwangaphambili.
Eli candelo lilandelayo lichaza izabelo eziguquguqukayo zeFANUC #1, #2, Siemens CNC inkqubo R1, R2, Okuma CNC inkqubo VC1, VC2, kunye nenkqubo yeHeidenhain Q1, Q2, Q3. Ibonisa indlela yokucwangcisa amacandelo athile usebenzisa indlela yokufaka ipharamitha ecwangcisiweyo yenkqubo nganye yeCNC. Iifomathi zegalelo leparameters ezicwangcisekileyo ze FANUC, Siemens, Okuma, kunye ne Heidenhain CNC iinkqubo zichazwe kwiTheyibhile 1 ukuya 4.
Phawula:I-P ibonisa inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo, ngelixa u-R ebonisa ixabiso lembuyekezo yesixhobo kwimo yomyalelo opheleleyo (G90).
Eli nqaku lisebenzisa iindlela ezimbini zokucwangcisa: inombolo yolandelelwano 2 kunye nenombolo yolandelelwano 3. Ulungelelwaniso lwe-Z-axis lusebenzisa indlela yembuyekezo yobude besixhobo, ngelixa iradiyo yoqhagamshelwano yesixhobo isebenzisa indlela yembuyekezo yeradiyo yejiyometri.
Phawula:Kwifomathi yomyalelo, "2" ibonisa inombolo yesixhobo, ngelixa "1" ibonisa inombolo yomgca wesixhobo.
Eli nqaku lisebenzisa iindlela ezimbini zeprogram, ngokukodwa inombolo ye-serial ye-2 kunye nenombolo ye-serial ye-3, kunye nolungelelwaniso lwe-Z-axis kunye neendlela zembuyekezo ze-radius zoqhagamshelwano ezihlala zihambelana nezo zikhankanywe ngaphambili.
Inkqubo ye-Heidenhain CNC ivumela ukulungiswa ngokuthe ngqo kubude besixhobo kunye ne-radius emva kokuba isixhobo sikhethiwe. I-DL1 imele ubude besixhobo bunyuswe nge-1mm, ngelixa i-DL-1 ibonisa ubude besixhobo bunciphe nge-1mm. Umgaqo wokusebenzisa i-DR uhambelana neendlela ezikhankanywe ngasentla.
Ngeenjongo zokubonisa, zonke iinkqubo ze-CNC ziya kusebenzisa isangqa se-φ40mm njengomzekelo wenkqubo yecontour. Umzekelo wenkqubo unikwe ngezantsi.
5.1 Umzekelo wenkqubo yeFanuc CNC
Xa i-#1 imiselwe kwixabiso lokuseta ngaphambili kwicala lika-Z, #2 = #1*tan (i-angle yencam yesixhobo/2) + (iradiyasi encinci), kwaye inkqubo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
I-G10L11P (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo sobude) R- #1
G10L12P (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo seradiyasi) R#2
I-G0X25Y10G43H (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo sobude) Z0G01
I-G41D (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo seradiyasi) X20F1000
Y0
G02X20Y0 I-20
G01Y-10
G0Z50
Xa i-#1 imiselwe kwiradiyasi yoqhagamshelwano, #2 = [iradiyasi yoqhagamshelwano - iradiyasi encinci]/tan (i-angle yengcebiso yesixhobo/2), kwaye inkqubo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
I-G10L11P (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo sobude) R- #2
G10L12P (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo seradiyasi) R#1
I-G0X25Y10G43H (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo sobude) Z0
G01G41D (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo seradiyasi) X20F1000
Y0
I-G02X20Y0I-20
G01Y-10
G0Z50
Kwiprogram, xa ubude bendawo ethambekeleyo yenxalenye iphawulwe kwicala le-Z, i-R kwicandelo leprogram ye-G10L11 ngu "-# 1-inclined surface Z-direction length"; xa ubude bomphezulu othambekileyo wenxalenye uphawulwe kwicala elithe tye, i-R kwicandelo lenkqubo ye-G10L12 “+#1-ithambekele kumphezulu othe tye”.
5.2 Umzekelo wenkqubo yeSiemens CNC
Xa i-R1=Z ixabiso lokuseta kwangaphambili, i-R2=R1tan(i-angle yencam yesixhobo/2)+(irediyasi encinci), inkqubo ihamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
TC_DP12[inombolo yesixhobo, inombolo yomngcele wesixhobo]=-R1
TC_DP6[inombolo yesixhobo, inombolo yomngcele wesixhobo]=R2
I-G0X25Y10
Z0
G01G41D(inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo seradius)X20F1000
Y0
I-G02X20Y0I-20
G01Y-10
G0Z50
Xa i-R1=irediyasi yoqhagamshelwano, R2=[R1-iradiyasi encinci]/tan(isixhobo sencam ye-engile/2), inkqubo ihamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
TC_DP12[inombolo yesixhobo, inombolo yongqameko]=-R2
TC_DP6[inombolo yesixhobo, inombolo yongqameko]=R1
I-G0X25Y10
Z0
G01G41D (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo seradiyasi) X20F1000Y0
I-G02X20Y0I-20
G01Y-10
G0Z50
Kwiprogram, xa ubude benxalenye ye-bevel imakishwe kwicala le-Z, inxalenye yeprogram ye-TC_DP12 "-R1-bevel Z-direction length"; xa ubude benxalenye ye-bevel iphawulwe kwicala elithe tye, icandelo leprogram yeTC_DP6 "+R1-bevel ubude obude".
5.3 Okuma CNC inkqubo inkqubo umzekelo Xa VC1 = Z ixabiso preset, VC2 = VC1tan (isixhobo incam angle / 2) + (radius minor), inkqubo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
I-VTOFH [inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo] = -VC1
I-VTOFD [inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo] = VC2
I-G0X25Y10
G56Z0
G01G41D (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo seradiyasi) X20F1000
Y0
I-G02X20Y0I-20
G01Y-10
G0Z50
Xa i-VC1 = i-radius yoqhagamshelwano, i-VC2 = (i-VC1-i-radius encinci) / i-tan (isixhobo se-tip angle / 2), inkqubo ilandelayo.
I-VTOFH (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo) = -VC2
I-VTOFD (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo) = VC1
I-G0X25Y10
G56Z0
G01G41D (inombolo yembuyekezo yesixhobo seradiyasi) X20F1000
Y0
I-G02X20Y0I-20
G01Y-10
G0Z50
Kwiprogram, xa ubude benxalenye ye-bevel iphawulwe kwicala le-Z, icandelo leprogram ye-VTOFH "-VC1-bevel Z-direction length"; xa ubude benxalenye ye-bevel iphawulwe kwicala elithe tye, icandelo leprogram ye-VTOFD "+ VC1-bevel ubude obude".
5.4 Umzekelo wokuprograma wenkqubo ye-Heidenhain CNC
Xa i-Q1=Z ixabiso lokuseta kwangaphambili, Q2=Q1tan(i-angle yencam yesixhobo/2)+(iradiyasi encinci), Q3=Q2-iradiyasi yesixhobo, inkqubo ihamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
ISIXHOBO “Inombolo yesixhobo/igama lesixhobo”DL-Q1 DR Q3
L X25Y10 FMAX
L Z0 FMAXL X20 R
L F1000
L Y0
CC X0Y0
C X20Y0 R
L Y-10
L Z50 FMAX
Xa i-Q1=irediyasi yoqhagamshelwano, i-Q2=(i-VC1-iradiyasi encinci)/i-tan(i-angle yencam yesixhobo/2), Q3=Q1-isixhobo serediyasi, inkqubo inje ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
ISIXHOBO "Inombolo yesixhobo / igama lesixhobo" DL-Q2 DR Q3
L X25Y10 FMAX
L Z0 FMAX
L X20 RL F1000
L Y0
CC X0Y0
C X20Y0 R
L Y-10
L Z50 FMAX
Kwiprogram, xa ubude benxalenye ye-bevel imakishwe kwicala le-Z, i-DL "-Q1-bevel Z-direction length"; xa ubude benxalenye ye-bevel iphawulwe kwicala elithe tye, i-DR "+Q3-bevel ubude obuthe tye".
6. Ukuthelekiswa kwexesha lokucubungula
Imizobo yetrajectory kunye nothelekiso lweparameter yeendlela ezintathu zokusetyenzwa ziboniswa kwiThebhile 5. Ingabonwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-angle milling cutter ye-contour programming kubangela ixesha elifutshane lokucubungula kunye nomgangatho ongcono womphezulu.
Ukusetyenziswa kokwenza ii-angle zokusila ii-angle cutters kujongana nemingeni ejongene neprogram ye-mill layer programming kunye ne-ball cutter surface programming, kubandakanywa nesidingo sabaqhubi abanezakhono eziphezulu, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphila kwezixhobo, kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi kokusebenza kakuhle. Ngokuphumeza ukusetwa kwesixhobo esisebenzayo kunye nobuchule benkqubo, ixesha lokulungiselela imveliso liyancitshiswa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphuculweni kokusebenza kwemveliso.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana info@anebon.com
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