Amanyathelo asi-7 okusebenzisa iziko lomatshini le-CNC

1. Ukulungiselela ukuqalisa

 

Emva kokuphinda kuqalwe okanye kumiswe unxunguphalo lokumisa isixhobo somatshini, buyela kuqala kwindawo yereferensi enguziro yesixhobo somatshini (oko kukuthi, buyela ku-zero), ukuze isixhobo somatshini sibe nendawo yesalathiso ekusebenzeni kwaso okulandelayo.

 

2. I-Clemping workpiece

 

Ngaphambi kokuba i-workpiece igxininiswe, umgangatho uya kucocwa kuqala, ngaphandle kokungcola kweoli, iitshiphu zentsimbi kunye nothuli, kwaye i-burrs kwindawo yokusebenza iya kususwa ngefayile (okanye i-oilstone).cnc machining inxalenye

 

Umzila wesitimela ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu sokugoba kufuneka ucolwe kwaye ube sicaba ngomatshini wokusila. I-iron yebhloko kunye ne-nut kufuneka yomelele kwaye inokubamba i-workpiece ngokuthembekileyo. Kweminye imisebenzi emincinci ekunzima ukuyibamba, inokubotshwa ngokuthe ngqo kwihlosi. Itheyibhile yokusebenza yesixhobo somatshini kufuneka ihlambuluke kwaye ingabikho kwiitshiphu zetsimbi, uthuli kunye neoli yeoli. Intsimbi ye-pad ibekwe ngokubanzi kwiikona ezine ze-workpiece. Kwizixhobo zokusebenza ezine-span enkulu kakhulu, kuyimfuneko yokongeza intsimbi ephezulu yentsimbi phakathi.cnc yokugaya inxalenye

 

Khangela ukuba ubude, ububanzi kunye nokuphakama kwezinto zokusebenza zifanelekile ngokusebenzisa umgaqo wokutsalwa ngokobukhulu bomzobo.

 

Xa ucinezela i-workpiece, ngokuhambelana ne-clamping kunye nemodi yokubeka yomyalelo wokusebenza kweprogram, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ukuphepha iindawo zokucubungula kunye nemeko yokuba intloko ye-cutter ingadibana ne-clamp ngexesha lokucubungula.cnc yenziwe ngoomatshini

 

Emva kokuba i-workpiece ibekwe kwibhloko yokulinganisa, indawo yesalathiso ye-workpiece iya kutsalwa ngokweemfuno zomzobo, kunye ne-perpendicularity ye-workpiece eye yagaywa kumacala amathandathu iya kujongwa ukuba ifanelekile.

 

Emva kokugqitywa komzobo womsebenzi, i-nut kufuneka iqiniswe ukukhusela i-workpiece ukusuka ekutshintsheni ngexesha lokucubungula ngenxa yokungakhuselekanga kwe-clamping; tsala i-workpiece kwakhona ukuze uqinisekise ukuba impazamo ayikho ngaphezu kwempazamo emva kokuba i-clamping.

 

3. Inani lokungqubana kwezixhobo zokusebenza

 

Kumsebenzi obambeneyo, inani leeqhuma lingasetyenziselwa ukumisela indawo yereferensi engu-zero yomatshini, kwaye inani lamaqhuqhuva anokuba ngumbane wefoto okanye ngoomatshini. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zeendlela: inombolo yongquzulwano oluphakathi kunye nenombolo yongquzulwano olunye. Amanyathelo enani longquzulwano oluphakathi ngala alandelayo:

 

I-Photoelectric static, isantya soomatshini 450 ~ 600rpm. Hambisa ngesandla i-x-axis yetafile yokusebenza ukwenza intloko engqubanayo ibambe icala elinye lomsebenzi. Xa intloko engqubanayo ichukumisa nje i-workpiece kunye nesibane esibomvu silayitiwe, seta ixabiso lokulungelelanisa elinxulumene neli nqaku ukuya ku-zero. Emva koko hambisa ngesandla i-x-axis yetafile yokusebenza ukwenza intloko engqubanayo ichukumise elinye icala lomsebenzi. Xa intloko engqubanayo ichukumisa nje i-workpiece, rekhoda ulungelelwaniso lwesihlobo ngeli xesha.

 

Ngokwexabiso elihambelanayo thabatha idiameter yentloko yongquzulwano (okt ubude bomsebenzi), khangela ukuba ubude bomsebenzi uyahlangabezana neemfuno zomzobo.

 

Yahlula le nombolo yolungelelaniso olunxulumeneyo ngo-2, kwaye ixabiso lesiphumo lixabiso eliphakathi le-x-axis yomsebenzi. Emva koko susa itafile yokusebenzela kwixabiso eliphakathi le-x-axis, kwaye usete ixabiso elizalanayo le-X-axis ukuya ku-zero, engunothi yokuma ye-x-axis yomsebenzi.

 

Bhala ngononophelo ixabiso lokulungelelaniswa koomatshini bendawo enguziro kwi-x-axis ye-workpiece kwenye ye-G54-G59, kwaye uvumele isixhobo somatshini simisele indawo ye-zero kwi-x-axis ye-workpiece. Jonga ukuchaneka kwedatha ngononophelo kwakhona. Inkqubo yokuseta indawo enguziro ye-Y-axis yeworkpiece iyafana naleyo ye-x-axis.

 

4. Lungiselela zonke izixhobo ngokomyalelo wokusebenza kwenkqubo

 

Ngokwedatha yesixhobo kumyalelo wokusebenza kwenkqubo, buyisela isixhobo esiza kucutshungulwa, vumela isixhobo sichukumise isixhobo sokulinganisa ubude esibekwe kwinqwelomoya yereferensi, kwaye usete ixabiso elihambelanayo lolungelelwaniso lwale ndawo ukuya ku-zero xa ukukhanya okubomvu komlinganiselo. isixhobo sivuliwe. Iphephancwadi le-Mold man sincokola kakuhle, lifanelwe yingqalelo! Hambisa isixhobo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, susa ngesandla isixhobo phantsi kwe-50mm, kwaye usete ixabiso elihambelanayo lokulungelelanisa eli nqaku liye kwi-zero kwakhona, eyindawo ye-zero ye-axis ye-Z.

 

Rekhoda ulungelelwaniso lomatshini ixabiso le-Z le ngongoma kwenye ye-G54-G59. Oku kugqiba isicwangciso esingu-zero sika-X, y no-Z wee-axes zomsebenzisi. Jonga ukuchaneka kwedatha ngononophelo kwakhona.

 

Inombolo yecala elinye yongquzulwano iphinda ichukumise icala elinye lika-x-axis kunye noY-axis wesixhobo sokusebenza ngokwale ndlela ingasentla. Ukulinganisa ixabiso elizalanayo lolungelelwaniso lwe-x-axis kunye no-Y-axis yale ndawo ukuya kwiradiyasi yentloko yenombolo yongquzulwano, engu-zero indawo ka-x-axis kunye no-y-axis. Ekugqibeleni, bhala ulungelelwaniso lomatshini lwe-x-axis kunye ne-Y-axis yenqaku kwenye ye-G54-G59. Jonga ukuchaneka kwedatha ngononophelo kwakhona.

 

Khangela ukuchaneka kwendawo ye-zero, hambisa i-X kunye ne-Y ii-axes kwicala lokumiswa kwe-workpiece, kwaye ujonge ngokubonakalayo ukuchaneka kwendawo ye-zero ngokobukhulu be-workpiece.

 

Khuphela ifayile yenkqubo kwikhompyuter ngokwendlela yefayile yomyalelo wokusebenza kwenkqubo.

 

5. Ukusekwa kweeparamitha zokucubungula

 

Ukumiselwa kwesantya se-spindle kwi-machining: n = 1000 × V / (3.14 × d)

 

N: isantya sokujikeleza (RPM / min)

 

V: isantya sokusika (M / min)

 

D: Idayimitha yesixhobo (mm)

 

Ukusetwa kwesantya sokutya komatshini: F = n × m × FN

 

F: isantya sokutya (mm / min)

 

M: inani leencam zokusika

 

FN: ukusika isixa sesixhobo (mm / revolution)

 

Ukucutha inani lokumisela kumda ngamnye: FN = Z × FZ

 

Z: inani leencakuba zesixhobo

 

FZ: ukusika inani lomphetho ngamnye wesixhobo (mm / revolution)

 

6. Qalisa ukuqhubekeka

 

Ekuqaleni kwenkqubo nganye, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ngononophelo ukuba isixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo siso esichazwe kwincwadi yemiyalelo. Ekuqaleni komatshini, isantya sokutya siya kulungelelaniswa kuncinci, kwaye siya kuqhutywa kwicandelo elinye. Xa ubeka, uwisa kunye nokutya ngokukhawuleza, kuya kugxininiswa. Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngeqhosha lokumisa, yima ngoko nangoko. Nikelani ingqalelo ekujongeni ulwalathiso olushukumayo lomsiki ukuqinisekisa ukondla okukhuselekileyo, uze unyuse kancinane isantya sokutya ukuya kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo. Ngexesha elifanayo, yongeza umoya opholileyo okanye obandayo kwi-cutter kunye nomsebenzi.

 

Umatshini orhabaxa awuyi kuba kude kakhulu kwiphaneli yolawulo, kwaye umatshini uya kunqunyanyiswa ukuze uhlolwe xa kukho ukungahambi kakuhle.

 

Emva kokwenza rhabaxa, tsala imitha kwakhona ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-workpiece ayikhululekanga. Ukuba ikhona, kufuneka ihlaziywe kwaye ichukunyiswe.

 

Kwinkqubo yokucubungula, iiparameters zokucubungula zihlala ziphuculwe ukufezekisa umphumo ongcono wokucubungula.

 

Ekubeni le nkqubo yinkqubo ephambili, emva kokuba i-workpiece icutshungulwe, ixabiso eliphambili lomlinganiselo liya kulinganiswa ukuze libone ukuba lihambelana neemfuno zomzobo. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na ingxaki, ngokukhawuleza yazisa inkokeli yeqela okanye umdwelisi wenkqubo osemsebenzini ukuba akhangele kwaye asombulule. Inokususwa emva kokuphumelela ukuzihlola, kwaye kufuneka ithunyelwe kumhloli ukuze ihlolwe ngokukodwa.

 

Uhlobo lokucutshungulwa: ukusetyenzwa komngxuma: phambi kokugrumba kwiziko lokuqhuba, ukomba oluphakathi kufuneka lusetyenziselwe ukubeka indawo, emva koko i-drill bit 0.5 ~ 2mm encinci kunobukhulu bomzobo iya kusetyenziselwa ukomba, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-drill bit efanelekileyo iya kusetyenziselwa. ukugqiba.

 

Ukulungiswa kwe-Reaming: ukuphinda usebenzise i-workpiece, qala usebenzise i-drill ephakathi yokubeka indawo, emva koko usebenzise i-drill bit 0.5 ~ 0.3mm encinci kunobukhulu bomzobo ukugrumba, kwaye ekugqibeleni usebenzise i-reamer ukukhupha umngxuma. Nika ingqalelo ukulawula isantya sokujikeleza ngaphakathi kwe-70 ~ 180rpm / min ngexesha lokuphinda.

 

Ukusetyenzwa okukruqulayo: ukulungiselela ukusetyenzwa okukruqulayo kwezinto zokusebenza, qala usebenzise i-drill ephakathi ukuze ufumane, emva koko usebenzise i-drill bit eyi-1-2mm encinci kunobukhulu bomzobo ukugrumba, uze usebenzise umsiki orhabaxa (okanye umsiki wokusila) ukucubungula. kwicala lasekhohlo kuphela malunga ne-0.3mm yesibonelelo somatshini, kwaye ekugqibeleni usebenzise isisiki esidikayo esinobukhulu obuhlengahlengisiweyo ukugqiba ukudika, kwaye isibonelelo sokugqibela esikruqulayo asiyi kuba ngaphantsi kwe-0.1mm.

 

Ukulawulwa kwamanani ngokuthe ngqo (i-DNC): ngaphambi kokuba i-DNC iqhube ulawulo lwamanani, i-workpiece iya kucinywa, indawo ye-zero iya kusekwa, kwaye iiparitha ziya kumiselwa. Vula inkqubo yokucubungula ukuba idluliselwe kwikhompyutheni ukuze ihlolwe, emva koko vumela ikhompyutha ingene kwi-DNC state, kwaye ifake igama lefayile yenkqubo echanekileyo yokulungisa. Isignali encinci ye-Daren: i-mujuren icofa isitshixo se-tape kunye nesitshixo sokuqalisa inkqubo kwisixhobo somatshini, kwaye igama elithi LSK lidanyaza kwisilawuli sesixhobo somatshini. Cinezela ikhibhodi yokufaka kwikhompyuter ukuseta ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ye-DNC.

 

7. Imixholo kunye nobubanzi bokuzihlola

 

Ngaphambi kokucubungula, iprosesa kufuneka ibone ngokucacileyo imixholo yekhadi lenkqubo, yazi ngokucacileyo iindawo eziza kucutshungulwa, iimilo, imilinganiselo yemizobo kunye nokwazi imixholo yokucubungula inkqubo elandelayo.

 

Ngaphambi kokuba i-workpiece clamping, ilinganise ukuba ubungakanani obungenanto buhlangabezana neemfuno zomzobo, kwaye ukhangele ukuba ukubekwa kwendawo yokusebenza kuyahambelana nemiyalelo yokusebenza kweprogram.

 

Ukuzihlola ngokwakho kuya kwenziwa kwangethuba emva komatshini orhabaxa, ukuze kulungiswe iinkcukacha ngeempazamo ngexesha. Umxholo wokuzihlola ubukhulu becala yindawo kunye nobungakanani beendawo zokusetyenzwa. Umzekelo: ingaba i-workpiece ikhululekile; ingaba i-workpiece yahlulwe ngokufanelekileyo; ingaba i-dimension ukusuka kwi-process part ukuya kwi-reference edge (indawo yokubhekisela) ihlangabezana neemfuno zomzobo; kunye nobungakanani bendawo phakathi kwamalungu okucubungula. Emva kokujonga indawo kunye nobukhulu, yenza umlinganiselo werula yemilo erhabaxa (ngaphandle kwe-arc).

 

Ukugqiba oomatshini kunokuqhutywa kuphela emva komatshini orhabaxa kunye nokuzihlola. Emva kokugqiba, abasebenzi baya kuzihlola ngokwabo kwimilo kunye nobukhulu beendawo ezicwangcisiweyo: jonga ubude obusisiseko kunye nobubanzi beendawo ezicwangcisiweyo zomgangatho othe nkqo; ukulinganisa ubungakanani benqaku elisisiseko eliphawulwe kumzobo kwiindawo ezicutshungulweyo zomgangatho othambekileyo.

 

Abasebenzi banokususa i-workpiece kwaye bayithumele kumhloli ukuba ihlolwe ngokukodwa emva kokugqiba ukuzihlola kwe-workpiece kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iyahambelana nemizobo kunye neemfuno zenkqubo.

 

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