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Kufunsira Mawu

Kutsirizitsa pamwamba ndi njira zambiri zamafakitale zomwe zimasintha pamwamba pa chinthu chopangidwa kuti chikwaniritse malo enaake. [1] Njira zomaliza zingagwiritsidwe ntchito: kukonza mawonekedwe, kumamatira kapena kunyowa, kusungunuka, kukana kwa dzimbiri, kukana kuwononga, kukana mankhwala, kukana kuvala, kuuma, kusintha ma conductivity amagetsi, kuchotsa ma burrs ndi zolakwika zina zapamtunda, ndikuwongolera kugwedezeka kwapamtunda. [2] Muzochitika zochepa zina mwa njirazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kubwezeretsa miyeso yoyambirira kupulumutsa kapena kukonza chinthu. Malo osamalizidwa nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mphero.

Nazi zina mwa njira zathu zochizira pamwamba:

Anodizing: kuvala chitsulo ndi wosanjikiza oxide oxide. Mapeto ake amatha kukhala okongoletsa, olimba, komanso osagwirizana ndi dzimbiri, ndipo amapereka malo abwinoko a utoto ndi kumamatira. Aluminiyamu ndiye chitsulo chodziwika bwino chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga anodizing, koma titaniyamu ndi magnesium zitha kuthandizidwanso motere. Njirayi ndi njira ya electrolytic passivation yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuonjezera makulidwe a wosanjikiza wa oxide pamwamba pazitsulo. Anodizing imapezeka mumitundu ingapo.

Electroplatingndi ndondomeko plating wosanjikiza woonda wa zitsulo zina kapena aloyi pamwamba pa zitsulo zina kapena mbali zina zakuthupi ntchito electrolysis.

Physical Vapor Deposition(PVD) imatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wocheperako, wamakono otulutsa ma arc pansi pavuvu, kugwiritsa ntchito kutulutsa kwa gasi kuti kusungunuke chandamale ndi ionize zinthu zomwe zidapangidwa ndi mpweya ndi mpweya, pogwiritsa ntchito mathamangitsidwe amagetsi kuti apange zinthu zomwe zimatuluka. ndipo zotsatira zake zimayikidwa pa workpiece.

Micro-Arc Oxidation, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti micro-plasma oxidation, ndi kuphatikiza kwa electrolyte ndi magawo amagetsi ofanana. Zimadalira kutentha kwanthawi yayitali komanso kuthamanga kwambiri komwe kumapangidwa ndi kutulutsa kwa arc pamwamba pa aluminiyamu, magnesium, titaniyamu ndi ma aloyi ake. Ceramic filimu wosanjikiza.

Kupaka Powderndi kupopera ufa ❖ kuyanika pamwamba pa workpiece ndi ufa kupopera mankhwala chipangizo (electrostatic kutsitsi makina). Pansi pa mphamvu yamagetsi osasunthika, ufa umapangidwira mofanana pamwamba pa workpiece kuti apange zokutira ufa.

Kuwotcha Bluendi kudzaza nyama yonse ndi glaze yamtundu, kenaka yophikidwa mu ng'anjo yotentha ndi kutentha kwa ng'anjo pafupifupi 800 ° C. Mtundu wa glaze umasungunuka kukhala madzi ndi mchenga wonga mchenga, ndipo pambuyo pozizira, umakhala mtundu wowala. chokhazikika pa nyama. Glaze, panthawiyi, mtundu wa glaze ndi wotsika kuposa kutalika kwa waya wamkuwa, choncho m'pofunika kudzaza utoto wonyezimira kachiwiri, ndiyeno sintered kwa kanayi kapena kasanu, mpaka chitsanzo chidzadzazidwa ndi silika. ulusi.

Electrophoresisndi zokutira ma electrophoretic pa yin ndi yang maelekitirodi. Pansi pa voteji, ndi mlandu ❖ kuyanika ayoni kusamukira ku cathode ndi kucheza ndi zinthu zamchere kwaiye padziko cathode kupanga insoluble nkhani, amene waikamo pamwamba pa workpiece.

Kupukuta kwamakinandi njira yopukutira yomwe malo opukutidwa amachotsedwa ndi kudula ndipo pamwamba pa zinthuzo ndi pulasitiki yopunduka kuti ipeze malo osalala.

Kuwombera KuwomberaNdi ntchito yozizira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito pellet kuti iphulitse pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito ndikuyika kupsinjika kotsalira kuti chiwonjezere kutopa kwa chogwiriracho.

Kuphulika kwa Mchengandi njira yoyeretsera ndi roughening pamwamba pa gawo lapansi ndi zotsatira za kuthamanga kwa mchenga wothamanga kwambiri, ndiko kuti, pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya woponderezedwa ngati mphamvu yopangira mtengo wa jet wothamanga kwambiri kuti upopera mankhwala othamanga kwambiri (copper ore, quartz). mchenga, corundum, mchenga wachitsulo, mchenga wa Hainan) Pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito chomwe chiyenera kuchiritsidwa, maonekedwe kapena mawonekedwe a kunja kwa workpiece amasintha.

Etchingndi njira yomwe zinthu zimachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kapena zochitika zakuthupi. Nthawi zambiri, etching yomwe imatchedwa photochemical etching imatanthawuza kuchotsedwa kwa filimu yoteteza m'derali kuti ikhale yokhazikika ndi kupanga mbale ndi chitukuko, komanso kukhudzana ndi njira yothetsera mankhwala panthawi ya etching kuti akwaniritse zotsatira za kusungunuka ndi dzimbiri, potero kupanga. zotsatira za kusalinganika kapena dzenje.

Kukongoletsa mu Mold(IMD) yomwe imadziwikanso kuti ukadaulo wopanda utoto, ndiukadaulo wodziwika padziko lonse lapansi wokongoletsa pamwamba, filimu yowoneka bwino yowumitsidwa, yosanjikiza yapakatikati yosindikizira, wosanjikiza wa jekeseni wammbuyo, inki pakati, zomwe zingapangitse kuti chinthucho chisagwedezeke. Kuteteza pamwamba kuti zisakulidwe, komanso kuti mtundu ukhale wowala komanso wosavuta kuzimiririka kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kukongoletsa Mold(OMD) ndizowoneka, zowoneka bwino, komanso kuphatikiza kogwira ntchito, ukadaulo wa IMD wowonjezera wokongoletsa, ndiukadaulo wa 3D wokongoletsa pamwamba womwe umaphatikiza kusindikiza, kapangidwe kake ndi zitsulo.

Laser engravingamatchedwanso laser chosema kapena laser chodetsa, ndi ndondomeko pamwamba mankhwala ntchito mfundo kuwala. Gwiritsani ntchito mtengo wa laser kuti mupange chizindikiro chokhazikika pamwamba pa zinthu kapena mkati mwazinthu zowonekera.

Pad Printingndi imodzi mwa njira zapadera zosindikizira, ndiko kuti, kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo (kapena mkuwa, pulasitiki ya thermoplastic) gravure, pogwiritsa ntchito mutu wokhotakhota wopangidwa ndi mphira wa silikoni, inki pa mbale ya intaglio imayikidwa pamwamba pa pedi, ndiyeno pamwamba pa chinthu chofunika akhoza kusindikizidwa kusindikiza zilembo, mapatani, ndi zina zotero.

Kusindikiza Pazenerandi kutambasula nsalu za silika, nsalu zopangira kapena mauna a waya pa chimango, ndi kupanga zosindikizira pansalu pojambula pamanja kapena kupanga mbale za photochemical. Ukadaulo wamakono wosindikizira pazenera umagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zowoneka bwino kuti apange chosindikizira chosindikizira chojambula ndi Photolithography (kotero kuti dzenje lachithunzi pagawo losindikizira pazenera ndibowo, ndipo dzenje la mauna a gawo losakhala lachifanizo latsekedwa. moyo). Panthawi yosindikiza, inki imasamutsidwa ku gawo lapansi kudzera mu mesh ya gawo lojambula zithunzi ndi extrusion ya squeegee kupanga chithunzi chofanana ndi choyambirira.

 

Kutumiza Madzindi mtundu wa kusindikiza komwe pepala losamutsa / filimu yapulasitiki yokhala ndi mtundu wamtundu imayikidwa pa macromolecular hydrolysis ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kupanga mapepala osindikizira otumizira madzi, kuviika mapepala a maluwa, kusamutsa chitsanzo, kuyanika, ndi zinthu zomalizidwa.

Kupaka Powderndi mtundu wa zokutira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ufa wopanda pake, wowuma. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa utoto wamadzimadzi wamba ndi kupaka ufa ndikuti kupaka ufa sikufuna zosungunulira kuti zisunge zomangira ndi zodzaza zigawo mu ❖ kuyanika ndipo amachiritsidwa pansi pa kutentha kuti azitha kuyenda ndi kupanga "khungu". Ufa ukhoza kukhala thermoplastic kapena thermoset polima. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kumaliza kolimba komwe kumakhala kolimba kuposa utoto wamba. Kupaka kwa ufa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popaka zitsulo, monga zida zapakhomo, zotulutsa aluminiyamu, zida za ng'oma ndi zida zamagalimoto ndi njinga. Ukadaulo waposachedwa umalola kuti zida zina, monga MDF (zapakati-kachulukidwe fiberboard), kuti zikhale ufa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana.

Kuyika kwa Chemical Vapor(CVD) ndi njira yoyikapo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zapamwamba kwambiri, zogwira ntchito kwambiri, zolimba, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda vacuum. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'makampani opanga ma semiconductor kupanga mafilimu owonda kwambiri.

Electrophoretic Deposition(EPD): A khalidwe mbali ya ndondomekoyi ndi kuti colloidal particles inaimitsidwa mu madzi sing'anga kusamukira mchikakamizo cha kumunda magetsi (electrophoresis) ndipo waikamo pa elekitirodi. Ma particles onse a colloidal omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga kuyimitsidwa kokhazikika komanso omwe amatha kunyamula atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu electrophoretic deposition.

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