Kuchiza pamwamba kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakina ndi mankhwala kuti apange chinsalu choteteza pamwamba pa chinthu, chomwe chimateteza thupi. Njirayi imalola kuti chinthucho chifike pokhazikika mwachilengedwe, chimakulitsa kukana kwake kwa dzimbiri, ndikuwongolera kukongola kwake, ndikuwonjezera mtengo wake. Posankha njira zochizira pamwamba, ndikofunikira kuganizira malo omwe chinthucho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi yomwe tikuyembekezera, kukongola, komanso kufunika kwachuma.
Njira yochizira pamwambayi imakhala ndi chithandizo chisanachitike, kupanga filimu, chithandizo cha pambuyo pa filimu, kulongedza katundu, kusungirako katundu, ndi kutumiza. Kuchiza koyambirira kumapangidwa ndi makina ndi mankhwala.
Kuchiza pamakina kumaphatikizapo kuphulitsa, kuphulitsa, kugaya, kupukuta, ndi phula. Cholinga chake ndikuchotsa kusagwirizana kwapamtunda ndikuthana ndi zina zosafunikira zapamtunda. Pakalipano, mankhwala opangira mankhwala amachotsa mafuta ndi dzimbiri pamwamba pa mankhwala ndipo amapanga wosanjikiza womwe umalola kuti zinthu zopanga mafilimu zigwirizane bwino. Njirayi imatsimikiziranso kuti chophimbacho chimakhala chokhazikika, chimapangitsa kuti pakhale chitetezo cha chitetezo, komanso chimapereka chitetezo ku mankhwalawa.
Aluminium pamwamba mankhwala
Mankhwala odziwika bwino a aluminiyamu amaphatikizapo njira monga chromization, kujambula, electroplating, anodizing, electrophoresis, ndi zina. Kuchiza kwamakina kumaphatikizapo kujambula waya, kupukuta, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kugaya, ndi zina.
1. Chromization
Chromization imapanga filimu yotembenuza mankhwala pamtunda wa mankhwala, ndi makulidwe oyambira 0.5 mpaka 4 ma micrometer. Kanemayu ali ndi zinthu zabwino zotsatsa ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nsanjika zokutira. Itha kukhala ndi chikasu chagolide, aluminiyamu yachilengedwe, kapena mawonekedwe obiriwira.
Kanemayo amakhala ndi madulidwe abwino, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri pazinthu zamagetsi monga mizere yolumikizira mafoni amafoni ndi zida zamagetsi. Ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zonse za aluminiyamu ndi aluminium alloy. Komabe, filimuyi ndi yofewa komanso yosavala, kotero si yabwino kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kunjazigawo zolondolaza mankhwala.
Kusintha mwamakonda:
Degreasing—> aluminium acid dehydration—> customization—> ma CD—> warehousing
Chromization ndi yoyenera pazitsulo zotayidwa ndi aluminiyamu, magnesium, ndi magnesium alloy.
Zofunika Zapamwamba:
1) Mtundu ndi yunifolomu, filimu wosanjikiza bwino, sipangakhale mikwingwirima, zokopa, kukhudza ndi dzanja, palibe roughness, phulusa ndi zochitika zina.
2) Makulidwe a filimu wosanjikiza ndi 0.3-4um.
2. Anodizing
Anodizing: Zitha kupanga yunifolomu ndi wandiweyani okusayidi wosanjikiza pamwamba pa mankhwala (Al2O3). 6H2O, yomwe imadziwika kuti yade yachitsulo, filimuyi imatha kupanga kuuma kwa zinthuzo kufika 200-300 HV. Ngati mankhwala apadera amatha kukumana ndi anodizing molimba, kuuma kwapansi kumatha kufika 400-1200 HV. Chifukwa chake, anodizing yolimba ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri yochizira ma silinda ndi ma transmissions.
Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa ali ndi kukana kwabwino kwambiri ndipo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yofunikira pakuwongolera ndege ndi zinthu zokhudzana ndi zamlengalenga. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa anodizing ndi anodizing molimba ndikuti anodizing imatha kukhala yamitundu, ndipo kukongoletsa kuli bwino kwambiri kuposa okosijeni wolimba.
Zomangamanga zomwe muyenera kuziganizira: anodizing ali ndi zofunika kwambiri pazinthu. Zida zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zokongoletsa zosiyanasiyana pamtunda. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 6061, 6063, 7075, 2024, etc. Pakati pawo, 2024 ili ndi zotsatira zoipa kwambiri chifukwa cha zosiyana za CU muzinthu. 7075 hard oxidation ndi chikasu, 6061 ndi 6063 ndi bulauni. Komabe, anodizing wamba wa 6061, 6063, ndi 7075 sizosiyana kwambiri. 2024 imakonda kukhala ndi malo ambiri agolide.
1. Njira wamba
Njira zodziwika bwino za anodizing zimaphatikizapo utoto wachilengedwe wa matte, utoto wonyezimira wonyezimira, utoto wonyezimira pamwamba, ndi utoto wa matte (womwe ukhoza kupakidwa utoto uliwonse). Zosankha zina ndi monga utoto wonyezimira wonyezimira, utoto wachilengedwe wopukutidwa, utoto wonyezimira, ndi utoto wopukutidwa wa matte. Kuphatikiza apo, pali phokoso lopopera komanso lowala, malo aphokoso a chifunga, ndi utoto wa sandblasting. Zosankha za plating izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zowunikira.
2. Anodizing ndondomeko
Degreasing—> alkali kukokoloka—> polishing—> neutralization—> lidi—> neutralization
Anodizing—> dyeing—> seal—> kutsuka madzi otentha—> kuyanika
3. Chigamulo cha zolakwika zomwe zimafanana
A. Mawanga amatha kuwoneka pamtunda chifukwa chosakwanira kuzimitsa ndi kutentha kwachitsulo kapena zinthu zosawoneka bwino, ndipo njira yoyenera ndikuyatsiranso kutentha kapena kusintha zinthuzo.
B. Mitundu ya utawaleza imawoneka pamwamba, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha zolakwika mu ntchito ya anode. The mankhwala akhoza kupachika momasuka, kuchititsa osauka madutsidwe. Pamafunika njira yeniyeni yochizira ndikukonzanso mankhwala a anodic pambuyo pobwezeretsa mphamvu.
C. Pamwamba pamakhala mikwingwirima komanso kukanda kwambiri, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa cha kusagwira bwino ntchito panthawi yoyendetsa, kukonza, kuchiritsa, kuchotsa mphamvu, kugaya, kapena kuyimitsanso magetsi.
D. Mawanga oyera amatha kuwoneka pamtunda panthawi yodetsedwa, makamaka chifukwa cha mafuta kapena zonyansa zina m'madzi panthawi ya ntchito ya anode.
4. Miyezo yabwino
1) Makulidwe a filimu ayenera kukhala pakati pa 5-25 ma micrometer, ndi kuuma kwa 200HV, ndipo kusintha kwa mtundu wa mayeso osindikiza kuyenera kukhala osachepera 5%.
2) Mayeso opopera mchere ayenera kukhala kwa maola oposa 36 ndipo ayenera kukwaniritsa CNS muyezo wa mlingo 9 kapena pamwamba.
3) Maonekedwe akuyenera kukhala opanda mikwingwirima, zokhwasula, mitambo yamitundu, ndi zina zilizonse zosafunikira. Pasakhale nsonga zolendewera kapena zachikasu pamwamba.
4) Aluminiyamu ya Die-cast, monga A380, A365, A382, ndi zina zotero, sangathe kusinthidwa.
3. Aluminiyamu electroplating ndondomeko
1. Ubwino wa aluminiyamu ndi zitsulo zotayidwa:
Zida za aluminiyamu ndi zotayidwa zili ndi ubwino wosiyanasiyana, monga kuwongolera kwamagetsi kwabwino, kusamutsa kutentha mwachangu, mphamvu yokoka yowoneka bwino, komanso kupanga kosavuta. Komabe, amakhalanso ndi zovuta, kuphatikizapo kuuma pang'ono, kusowa kwa kukana kuvala, kutengeka kwa dzimbiri la intergranular, ndi kuvutika kwa kuwotcherera, zomwe zingachepetse ntchito zawo. Kuti achulukitse mphamvu zawo ndikuchepetsa zofooka zawo, makampani amakono nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito electroplating kuthana ndi zovuta izi.
2. Ubwino wa aluminiyumu electroplating
- kukonza kukongoletsa,
- Imawonjezera kulimba kwapamwamba komanso kukana kuvala
- Kuchepetsa kokwanira kwa kukangana komanso kukhathamiritsa kwamafuta.
- Kuwongolera kwapamwamba kwapamwamba.
- Kukana kwa dzimbiri (kuphatikiza kuphatikiza ndi zitsulo zina)
- Yosavuta kuwotcherera
- Imawonjezera kumamatira ku rabara ikatenthedwa.
- Kuwonjezeka kwa reflectivity
- Konzani dimensional tolerances
Aluminiyamu ndi yotakasuka, kotero zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magetsi ziyenera kukhala zogwira mtima kuposa aluminiyumu. Izi zimafuna kusintha kwa mankhwala kusanachitike electroplating, monga kumiza zinki, aloyi yachitsulo ya zinki, ndi aloyi ya nickel. Wosanjikiza wapakati wa zinki ndi aloyi wa zinki amamatira bwino pakati pa plating yamkuwa ya cyanide. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe otayirira a aluminiyamu ya die-cast, pamwamba pake sichitha kupukutidwa pakupera. Izi zikachitika, zimatha kuyambitsa mapini, kulavulira asidi, kusenda, ndi zina.
3. Njira yoyendetsera aluminium electroplating ili motere:
Degreasing – > alkali etching – > activation – > zinki m’malo – > activation – > plating (monga faifi tambala, zinki, mkuwa, etc.) – > chrome plating kapena passivation – > kuyanika.
-1- Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya aluminium electroplating ndi:
Nickel plating (nickel ngale, nickel mchenga, nickel wakuda), plating siliva (wowala siliva, wandiweyani siliva), plating golide, nthaka plating (mtundu nthaka, nthaka wakuda, buluu nthaka), plating mkuwa (wobiriwira mkuwa, tini woyera mkuwa, alkaline). mkuwa, electrolytic mkuwa, asidi mkuwa), chrome plating (zokongoletsa chrome, chrome wolimba, chrome wakuda), etc.
-2- Kugwiritsa ntchito mbeu zowiritsa wamba
- Kuyika kwakuda, monga zinki wakuda ndi nickel wakuda, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mumagetsi owoneka bwino ndi zida zamankhwala.
- Kuyika golide ndi siliva ndizomwe zimayendetsa bwino kwambiri zinthu zamagetsi. Kupaka golide kumapangitsanso kukongoletsa kwa zinthu, koma ndizokwera mtengo. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zinthu zamagetsi, monga ma electroplating a ma waya olondola kwambiri.
- Copper, faifi tambala, ndi chromium ndi zida zodziwika bwino za hybrid plating mu sayansi yamakono ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukongoletsa ndi kukana dzimbiri. Ndiwotsika mtengo ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamasewera, kuyatsa, ndi mafakitale osiyanasiyana amagetsi.
- Mkuwa wa malata woyera, wopangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 70 ndi makumi asanu ndi atatu, ndi chinthu chokongoletsera ndi chilengedwe chokhala ndi mtundu woyera. Ndichisankho chodziwika bwino mumakampani opanga zodzikongoletsera. Mkuwa (wopangidwa ndi mtovu, malata, ndi mkuwa) ukhoza kutsanzira golide, kupangitsa kukhala chokongoletsera chokongoletsera chokongoletsera. Komabe, mkuwa umakhala wosasunthika bwino kuti usinthe mtundu, motero kukula kwake sikuchedwa.
- Electroplating yochokera ku Zinc: Chosanjikiza cha galvanized ndi choyera cha buluu komanso chosungunuka mu ma acid ndi alkalis. Popeza kuthekera kokhazikika kwa zinki kumakhala koyipa kwambiri kuposa chitsulo, kumapereka chitetezo chodalirika cha electrochemical pazitsulo. Zinc angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati wosanjikiza zoteteza zinthu zitsulo ntchito mafakitale ndi m'madzi atmospheres.
- Chromium yolimba, yoyikidwa pansi pamikhalidwe ina, imakhala yolimba kwambiri komanso kukana kuvala. Kulimba kwake kumafika pa HV900-1200kg/mm, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yovuta kwambiri pakati pa zokutira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kuyika uku kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kukana kovala kwamakina mbalindi kutalikitsa moyo wawo wautumiki, kupangitsa kukhala kofunikira kwa masilinda, makina othamanga a hydraulic, ndi njira zopatsira.
-3- Zolakwika zodziwika bwino komanso njira zowongolera
- Peeling: Kusintha kwa zinki sikuli koyenera; nthawiyo imakhala yayitali kapena yayifupi kwambiri. Tiyenera kuwunikiranso miyeso ndikuwunikanso nthawi yosinthira, kutentha kwa kusamba, kukhazikika kwa bafa, ndi zina zogwirira ntchito. Kuonjezera apo, ndondomeko yotsegulira iyenera kuwonjezeredwa. Tiyenera kukulitsa miyeso ndikusintha ma activation mode. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwongolerako sikokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala otsalira pamtunda. Tiyenera kuwongolera miyeso ndikuwonjezera njira yopangira chithandizo.
- Kuuma kwapamtunda: Njira yothetsera ma electroplating imafunikira kusintha chifukwa cha kusapeza bwino komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwala, chofewa, ndi mlingo wa pinhole. Pamwamba pa thupi ndi lovuta ndipo amafuna kukonzanso kupukuta pamaso pa electroplating.
- Pamwamba payamba kusanduka chikasu, kusonyeza kuti pali vuto, ndipo njira yokhazikitsira yasinthidwa. Onjezani kuchuluka koyenera kwa wothandizira kusamutsidwa.
- Mano otuluka pamwamba: Njira ya electroplating ndi yakuda kwambiri, choncho limbitsani kusefera ndikusamba koyenera.
-4- Zofunikira zabwino
- Chogulitsacho chisakhale ndi chikasu, ma pinholes, burrs, matuza, mikwingwirima, zokhwasula, kapena chilema china chilichonse chowoneka.
- Makulidwe a filimu ayenera kukhala osachepera 15 micrometers, ndipo ayenera kudutsa mayeso opopera mchere wa maola 48, kukumana kapena kupitirira muyeso wa asilikali a US a 9. Kuwonjezera apo, kusiyana komwe kungakhalepo kuyenera kugwera mkati mwa 130-150mV.
- Mphamvu yomangirira iyenera kupirira mayeso opindika a madigiri 60.
- Zogulitsa zomwe zimapangidwira malo apadera ziyenera kusinthidwa moyenera.
-5- Kusamala kwa aluminium ndi aluminium alloy plating operation
- Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito aloyi ya aluminiyamu ngati chopachika popangira ma electroplating a aluminiyamu.
- Mangani zotayidwa za aluminiyamu ndi aloyi mwachangu komanso mosadukizadukiza pang'ono momwe mungathere kuti musapatsidwenso okosijeni.
- Onetsetsani kuti nthawi yomiza kachiwiri siitalika kuti zisawonongeke kwambiri.
- Tsukani bwino ndi madzi pochapa.
- Ndikofunikira kupewa kuzima kwa magetsi panthawi ya plating.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, chonde omasuka kulumikizanani info@anebon.com.
Anebon amamamatira ku mfundo yofunika yakuti: “Ubwino ndiwo moyo wabizinesi, ndipo udindo ukhoza kukhala moyo wake.” Kwa kuchotsera kwakukuluzida za aluminiyamu za cnc, CNC Machined Parts, Anebon ali ndi chidaliro kuti titha kupereka apamwambazopangidwa ndi makinandi mayankho pamitengo yololera komanso chithandizo chapamwamba pambuyo pogulitsa kwa ogula. Ndipo Anebon adzamanga ulendo wautali.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-11-2024