Timamvetsetsa kuti madzi odulira amakhala ndi zinthu zofunika monga kuziziritsa, kuthirira, kupewa dzimbiri, kuyeretsa, ndi zina zambiri. Zinthu izi zimatheka ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Zina zowonjezera zimapereka mafuta, zina zimateteza dzimbiri, pamene zina zimakhala ndi bactericidal ndi zolepheretsa. Zowonjezera zina ndizothandiza pochotsa thovu, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti chida chanu cha makina zisathe kusamba tsiku lililonse. Palinso zowonjezera zina, koma sindikuzidziwitsa panozokha.
Tsoka ilo, ngakhale zowonjezera zomwe zili pamwambazi ndizofunikira kwambiri, ambiri aiwo ali mu gawo lamafuta ndipo amafunikira kupsya mtima bwino. Zina sizigwirizana, ndipo zina sizisungunuka m'madzi. Madzi odulidwa omwe angogulidwa kumene ndi madzi okhazikika ndipo ayenera kusakanizidwa ndi madzi musanagwiritse ntchito.
Tikufuna kuyambitsa zina zowonjezera zomwe zili zofunika kuti emulsion-mtundu aganizire kuti emulsify ndi madzi mu khola kudula madzimadzi. Popanda zowonjezera izi, katundu wamadzimadzi odulidwawo adzasanduka mitambo. Zowonjezera izi zimatchedwa "emulsifiers". Ntchito yawo ndi kupanga zosakaniza zomwe sizisungunuka m'madzi kapena "zosakanikirana," mofanana ndi mkaka. Izi zimabweretsa kugawidwa kokhazikika kwa zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana mumadzi odulira, kupanga madzi odulira omwe amatha kuchepetsedwa mosasamala malinga ndi kufunikira.
Tsopano tiyeni tiyankhule za makina owongolera njanji yamafuta. Mafuta a njanji ya kalozera ayenera kukhala ndi mafuta abwino, oletsa dzimbiri, komanso odana ndi kuvala (mwachitsanzo, kuthekera kwa filimu yamafuta opaka mafuta kuti athe kupirira katundu wolemera popanda kufinyidwa ndi kuphwanyidwa). Chinthu chinanso chofunikira ndikuchita kwa anti-emulsification. Tikudziwa kuti madzi odulira amakhala ndi emulsifiers kuti emulsify zosakaniza zosiyanasiyana, koma kalozera njanji mafuta ayenera kukhala odana ndi emulsification katundu kupewa emulsification.
Tikambirana zinthu ziwiri lero: emulsification ndi anti-emulsification. Pamene kudula mafuta ndi otsogolera njanji kukhudzana, ndi emulsifier mu madzi odulira kusakaniza ndi zosakaniza yogwira mu kalozera njanji mafuta, kutsogolera kuti njanji wolondolera kusiya osatetezedwa, unlubricated ndi sachedwa dzimbiri. Pofuna kupewa izi, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu moyenera. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti emulsifier mumadzi odulira samangokhudza mafuta owongolera njanji komanso mafuta ena pazida zamakina, monga mafuta a hydraulic komanso malo opaka utoto. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma emulsifiers kumatha kuwononga, dzimbiri, kutaya kulondola, komanso kuwonongeka kwa zida zambiri zamakina.
Ngati malo ogwirira ntchito pa njanji yanu ali ndi mpweya, mutha kudumpha kuwerenga zotsatirazi. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, pafupifupi 1% yokha ya zida zamakina zimatha kusindikiza njanji zowongolera. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti muwerenge mosamala ndikugawana mfundo zotsatirazi ndi anzanu omwe angakuthokozeni.
Kusankha mafuta owongolera oyenera ndikofunikira pamashopu amakono. Kulondola kwa makina ndi moyo wautumiki wamadzimadzi opangira zitsulo zimadalira mtundu wamafuta owongolera. Izi, mukutembenuza makina, zimakhudza mwachindunji kupanga kwa zida zamakina. Mafuta owongolera abwino ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zowongolera bwino komanso kukhala olekanitsidwa bwino ndi madzi odula osungunuka m'madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zitsulo. Ngati mafuta osankhidwa omwe amasankhidwa ndi odulidwa sangalekanitsidwe kwathunthu, mafuta otsogolera adzasungunuka, kapena ntchito yamadzimadzi idzawonongeka. Izi ndi zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njanji iwonongeke komanso kusapaka mafuta owongolera pamakina amakono.
Kwa makina, mafuta owongolera akakumana ndi madzi odulira, pali ntchito imodzi yokha: kuwasunga "kutali“!
Posankha mafuta owongolera ndi madzi odulira, ndikofunikira kuwunika ndikuyesa kupatukana kwawo. Kuwunika koyenera ndi kuyeza kulekanitsidwa kwawo kungathandize kupewa kutayika panthawi yokonza makina ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zikuyenda bwino. Pofuna kuthandizira izi, mkonzi wapereka njira zisanu ndi imodzi zosavuta komanso zothandiza, kuphatikizapo njira imodzi yodziwira, ziwiri zowunikira, ndi zitatu zosamalira. Njirazi zingathandize kuthetsa vuto lolekanitsa mosavuta pakati pa mafuta otsogolera ndi kudula madzi. Njira imodzi imaphatikizapo kuzindikira zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kusachita bwino kulekana.
Ngati njanji mafuta emulsified ndi kulephera, makina anu chida akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto awa:
· Mphamvu yamafuta imachepetsedwa, ndipo kukangana kumawonjezeka
• Zitha kupangitsa kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri
· Pamwamba kapena zokutira zomwe zikukhudzana ndi njanji yowongolera zimavalidwa
·Makina ndi zigawo zake zimatha kuchita dzimbiri
Kapena madzi anu odulira amadetsedwa ndi mafuta owongolera, ndipo mavuto ena amatha kuchitika, monga:
·Kuchulukira kwa kusintha kwamadzimadzi ndi magwiridwe antchito kumakhala kovuta kuwongolera
· Kupaka mafuta kumakhala koipitsitsa, kuvala kwa chida kumakhala koopsa, ndipo mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi makina amaipiraipira.
•Kuopsa kwa mabakiteriya ochulukana ndikupangitsa fungo kumachuluka
•Chepetsani PH yamadzi odulira, omwe angayambitse dzimbiri
•Pamakhala thovu lambiri m'madzi odulira
Mayeso awiri: Dziwani mwachangu kupatukana kwa mafuta owongolera ndi madzi odulira
Kutaya madzi odulidwa omwe ali ndi mafuta opangira mafuta kungakhale kokwera mtengo kwambiri. Choncho, ndi bwino kupewa vutolo m’malo molimbana nalo pambuyo poti zizindikiro zaonekera. Makampani opanga makina amatha kuyesa kupatukana kwamafuta enaake a njanji ndikudula madzi pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso awiri okhazikika.
TOYODA anti-emulsification test
Mayeso a TOYODA amachitidwa kuti afanizire momwe mafuta owongolera njanji amayipitsa madzi odulira. Pakuyesa uku, 90 ml yamadzi odulira ndi 10 ml yamafuta anjanji amasakanizidwa mumtsuko ndikugwedezeka molunjika kwa masekondi 15. Madzi omwe ali mumtsuko amawonedwa kwa maola 16, ndipo zomwe zili mumadzimadzi pamwamba, pakati, ndi pansi pa chidebe zimayesedwa. Zosungunulirazo zimagawidwa m'magulu atatu: mafuta a njanji (pamwamba), osakaniza amadzimadzi awiri (pakati), ndi madzi odula (pansi), omwe amayezedwa mu milliliters.
Ngati zotsatira zoyesedwa ndi 90/0/10 (90 mL zamadzimadzi odula, 0 mL osakaniza, ndi 10 mL wa mafuta otsogolera), zimasonyeza kuti mafuta ndi madzi ocheka amalekanitsidwa. Komano, ngati zotsatira zake ndi 98/2/0 (98 mL ya madzi odula, 2 mL osakaniza, ndi 0 mL wa mafuta otsogolera), izi zikutanthauza kuti emulsification reaction yachitika, ndi kudula madzi ndi kalozera. mafuta samasiyanitsidwa bwino.
SKC kudula madzimadzi kupatukana mayeso
Kuyesera uku kumafuna kufananiza za mafuta owongolera osungunuka osungunuka m'madzi. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kusakaniza mafuta otsogolera ndi madzi osiyanasiyana ocheka ochiritsira mu chiŵerengero cha 80:20, pamene 8 ml ya mafuta otsogolera amasakanizidwa ndi 2 ml ya madzi odula. Kusakaniza kumalimbikitsidwa pa 1500 rpm kwa mphindi imodzi. Kenako, mkhalidwe wa osakaniza ndi zowoneka anayendera pambuyo ola limodzi, tsiku limodzi, ndi masiku asanu ndi awiri. Mkhalidwe wa osakaniza adavotera pamlingo wa 1-6 kutengera izi:
1=kulekanitsidwa kwathunthu
2=Osiyana pang'ono
3=mafuta+ osakaniza apakati
4=Mafuta + osakaniza apakati (+ kudula madzi)
5=Kusakaniza kwapakatikati + kudula madzimadzi
6=Zosakaniza zonse zapakatikati
Kafukufuku watsimikizira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito madzi odulira ndi mayendedwe opaka mafuta kuchokera kwa ogulitsa omwewo kumatha kusintha kupatukana kwawo. Mwachitsanzo, mukasakaniza njanji ya digito ya Mobil Vectra ™ ndi slide lubricant ndi Mobilcut ™ mndandanda wamadzi osungunuka osungunuka m'madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 80/20 ndi 10/90 motsatana, mayeso awiri adavumbulutsa zotsatirazi: Mobil Vectra™ Digital Series imatha kupatukana ndi madzi odulira, pomwe Mobil Cut ™ kudula madzimadzi kumasiya mafuta opaka pamwamba, omwe ali ndithu. zosavuta kuchotsa, ndipo kusakaniza kochepa chabe kumapangidwa. (deta yochokera ku ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company).
Pazithunzi: Kalozera wa Mobil Vectra™ Digital Series ndi zothira zamasilayidi zili ndi zida zabwinoko zolekanitsa madzimadzi, zomwe zimangotulutsa zosakaniza zochepa kwambiri. [(Chithunzi Chapamwamba) 80/20 chiŵerengero cha mafuta / kudula madzi; (Chithunzi chapansi) 10/90 chiŵerengero cha mafuta / kudula madzi]
Malangizo atatu okonzekera: chinsinsi chowonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyi ikugwira ntchito bwino
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kudziwa kulekanitsa koyenera kwa mafuta owongolera ndi madzi odulira si ntchito yanthawi imodzi. Zinthu zingapo zosalamulirika zimatha kukhudza momwe mafuta owongolera amagwirira ntchito komanso madzi odulira panthawi ya zida. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchita ntchito yokonza ndikusamalira nthawi zonse kuti ntchitoyi ichitike bwino.
Kusamalira ndikofunikira osati pamafuta owongolera okha komanso mafuta ena opangira zida zamakina monga mafuta a hydraulic ndi mafuta a gear. Kusamalira pafupipafupi kumathandizira kupewa kuipitsidwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa chamadzimadzi odulira kukumana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta a zida zamakina ndikuletsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya a anaerobic mumadzi odulira. Izi zimathandizira kusunga magwiridwe antchito a madzi odulira, kukulitsa moyo wake wautumiki, komanso kuchepetsa kutulutsa fungo.
Kudula kuwunika kachitidwe ka madzimadzi: Kuti muwonetsetse kuti madzi anu odulira akuyenda bwino, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwake. Mutha kuchita izi pogwiritsa ntchito refractometer. Nthawi zambiri, mzere wocheperako wodziwika bwino umawonekera pa refractometer yowonetsa milingo yandende. Komabe, ngati madzi odulirawo ali ndi mafuta ochulukirapo a njanji, mizere yabwino pa refractometer idzakhala yosawoneka bwino, kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwamafuta oyandama. Kapenanso, mutha kuyeza kuchuluka kwa madzi odulira kudzera mu titration ndikufanizira ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi odulira atsopano. Izi zidzathandiza kudziwa mlingo wa emulsification wa mafuta oyandama.
Kuchotsa Mafuta oyandama: Zida zamakono zamakina nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zolekanitsa zoyandama zokha, zomwe zimatha kuwonjezeredwa ku zida ngati gawo lina. Kwa makina akuluakulu, zosefera ndi ma centrifuge nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa mafuta oyandama ndi zonyansa zina. Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta otsekemera amatha kuchotsedwa pamanja pogwiritsa ntchito zotsukira zotsukira m'mafakitale ndi zida zina.
Ngati mafuta owongolera ndi madzi odulira sizikusungidwa bwino, zingakhudze bwanji magawo a makina a CNC?
Kusamalira molakwika kwa mafuta owongolera ndi madzi odulira kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa zingapoZigawo zamakina za CNC:
Kuvala zida kumatha kukhala vuto wamba ngati zida zodulira zilibe mafuta oyenera kuchokera kumafuta owongolera. Izi zingapangitse kuti pakhale kuwonongeka kwakukulu, zomwe pamapeto pake zimabweretsa kulephera msanga.
Vuto lina limene lingabwere ndi kuwonongeka kwa khalidwe la makina opangidwa ndi makina. Ndi mafuta okwanira, mapeto ake amatha kukhala osalala, ndipo zowoneka bwino zimatha kuchitika.
Kuzizira kosakwanira kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa kutentha, zomwe zingawononge chida ndi workpiece. Kudula zamadzimadzi kumathandiza kuchotsa kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti kuziziritsa kokwanira kumaperekedwa.
Kuwongolera moyenera kwamadzi odulira ndikofunikira kuti muchotse bwino chip panthawi yokonza. Kusayendetsa bwino kwamadzimadzi kumatha kubweretsa chip buildup, zomwe zingasokoneze njira yopangira makina ndikupangitsa kuti zida ziwonongeke. Kuonjezera apo, kusakhalapo kwa madzi oyenerera kungavumbulutsembali zotembenuzidwa molondolakuti dzimbiri ndi dzimbiri, makamaka ngati madziwo ataya mphamvu zake zoletsa dzimbiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti madzi odulira amayendetsedwa bwino kuti izi zisachitike.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-13-2024