Luso lokulitsa kulondola kwa zida zamakina ndi kubweza kumbuyo ndi kubweza phula

Kuchita bwino kwa zida zamakina a CNC kumalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi kulondola kwake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika kwambiri kwamakampani akamagula kapena kupanga zida zotere. Komabe, kulondola kwa zida zambiri zamakina zatsopano nthawi zambiri sikufika pamiyezo yofunikira pakuchoka kufakitale. Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa makina othamanga ndi kuvala pakagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali kumagogomezera kufunikira kosintha kulondola kwa zida zamakina a CNC kuti zitsimikizire kuti zopanga zikuyenda bwino.

1. Kubweza kwa msana

Kuchepetsa Kubwerera M'kati mwa zida zamakina a CNC, zolakwika zomwe zimachokera kumadera obwerera kumbuyo kwa zida zoyendetsa pamakina opatsira chakudya panjira iliyonse yolumikizirana komanso kuchotsedwa kwamtundu uliwonse kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kupatuka komwe kumagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa axis kuchokera kutsogolo kupita kumbuyo. Kupatuka kumeneku, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti reverse clearance kapena kutayika kwachangu, kumatha kukhudza kulondola kwa kaimidwe ndi kubwerezabwereza kayimidwe kachipangizo ka makina akamagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezereka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa chilolezo cha kinematic pair chifukwa cha kuvala pakapita nthawi kumabweretsa chiwonjezeko chofananira chapatuka mobwerera. Chifukwa chake, kuyeza pafupipafupi komanso kubweza kwapatuka kwapanjira iliyonse yolumikizirana ndi chida cha makina ndikofunikira.

Kuyeza Backlash

Kuti muwone kutembenuka mobwerera, yambani mkati mwa mayendedwe a coordinate axis. Choyamba, pangani malo ofotokozera posuntha mtunda wokhazikika kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo. Pambuyo pa izi, perekani lamulo la kayendetsedwe kake komweko kuti muthe mtunda wina. Kenaka, pitirizani kusuntha mtunda womwewo kumbali ina ndikuwona kusiyana pakati pa malo otchulidwa ndi maimidwe. Nthawi zambiri, miyeso ingapo (nthawi zambiri seveni) imachitidwa m'malo atatu pafupi ndi pakati komanso mopitilira muyeso waulendo. Avereji ya mtengo wake imawerengeredwa pamalo aliwonse, ndipo kuchuluka kwake pakati pa ma avareji amenewa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati muyeso wapambuyo popatuka. Ndikofunikira kusuntha mtunda wodziwika panthawi yoyezera kuti mudziwe bwino mtengo wopotoka.

Mukawunika kutembenuka kwa mzere woyenda mozungulira, ndizofala kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro choyimba kapena kuyimba ngati chida choyezera. Ngati mikhalidwe ilola, chipangizo cha laser interferometer chapawiri-frequency chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa izi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro choyezera miyeso, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti maziko a mita ndi tsinde sizikupitilira mopitilira muyeso, chifukwa cantilever yayitali pakuyezera imatha kupangitsa kuti maziko a mita asunthike chifukwa cha kukakamiza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwerengera molakwika komanso kubweza ndalama zomwe sizingachitike.

Kukhazikitsa njira yoyezera pulogalamu kumatha kupangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yosavuta komanso yolondola. Mwachitsanzo, kuti muwone kutembenuka kwa X-axis pamakina atatu ogwirizanitsa ofukula, njirayi ingayambike ndikukankhira mita kumtunda wa cylindrical wa spindle, ndikutsatiridwa ndikuyendetsa pulogalamu yoyezera.

N10G91G01X50F1000; sunthani benchi yogwirira ntchito kumanja

N20X-50;worktable amasuntha kumanzere kuthetsa kusiyana kufala

N30G04X5; Imani kaye kuti muwonekere

N40Z50; Z-axis idakwezedwa ndikuchokapo

N50X-50: Workbench imasunthira kumanzere

N60X50: Workbench imayenda kumanja ndikukhazikitsanso

N70Z-50: Z kukonzanso axis

N80G04X5: Imani kaye kuti muwonere

N90M99;

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti zotsatira zoyezedwa zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kuthamanga kosiyanasiyana kwa benchi. Nthawi zambiri, mtengo woyezera pa liwiro lotsika ndi wokulirapo kuposa womwe umathamanga kwambiri, makamaka pamene chida cha makina axis katundu ndi kukana kuyenda kuli kwakukulu. Pamathamanga otsika, chogwirira ntchito chimayenda pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wocheperako komanso wodutsa, motero zimapereka mtengo woyezera kwambiri. Kumbali ina, pa liwiro lapamwamba, kuwombera mopambanitsa ndi kuwonjezereka kumakhala kosavuta kuchitika chifukwa cha liwiro lachangu logwirira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mtengo wocheperako. Njira yoyezera yokhotakhota m'mbuyo ya nsonga yoyendayenda imatsatira njira yofanana ndi ya mzere wozungulira, kusiyana kokha ndi chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira.

Kulipira Backlash

Zida zambiri zamakina a CNC zopangidwa mdziko muno zikuwonetsa kulondola kopitilira 0.02mm, komabe alibe mphamvu zolipirira. Nthawi zina, njira zamapulogalamu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa njira imodzi ndikuchotsa kubweza kwa zida zamakina zotere. Malingana ngati chigawo cha makina sichinasinthidwe, kuyambitsa kumasulira kwa interpolation n'kotheka kamodzi kokha, kuyika kwa njira imodzi kufika poyambira kumasulira. Mukakumana ndi njira yakumbuyo panthawi yothirira chakudya, kumasulira movomerezeka mtengo wololera kungathe kupititsa patsogolo kulondola kwa kachulukidwe ka mawu ndikukwaniritsa bwinocnc milled gawo's kulolerana zofunika.

Pamitundu ina ya zida zamakina a CNC, ma adilesi angapo okumbukira pachipangizo cha CNC nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa kuti asunge mtengo wammbuyo wa axis iliyonse. Chida cha makina chikawongoleredwa kuti chisinthire mayendedwe ake, chipangizo cha CNC chimangotenga mtengo wa backlash wa axis, womwe umalipiritsa ndikuwongolera mtengo wamalamulo osinthira. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti chida cha makina chikhoza kuyikidwa bwino pamalo olamulira ndikuchepetsa zovuta zopatuka mobwerera kumbuyo pakulondola kwa chida cha makina.

Nthawi zambiri, makina a CNC amakhala ndi chiwongola dzanja chimodzi chomwe chilipo. Kulinganiza kulondola kwamayendedwe apamwamba ndi otsika, komanso kuthana ndi kusintha kwa makina, kumakhala kovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, mtengo wokhotakhota woyesedwa pakuyenda mwachangu utha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chipukuta misozi. Chifukwa chake, kukwaniritsa kufananiza pakati pa kulondola kwamayimidwe mwachangu ndi kutanthauzira molondola panthawi yodula kumakhala kovuta.

Pamakina a CNC monga FANUC0i ndi FANUC18i, pali mitundu iwiri yomwe ilipo ya chipukuta misozi yoyenda mothamanga (G00) komanso kusuntha kwapang'onopang'ono (G01). Kutengera njira yodyetsera yomwe yasankhidwa, makina a CNC amasankha okha ndikugwiritsa ntchito chipukuta misozi kuti akwaniritse kuwongolera bwino.

Mtengo wa backlash A, wopezedwa kuchokera ku G01 kudula chakudya choyenda, uyenera kulowetsedwa mu parameter NO11851 (liwiro la mayeso a G01 liyenera kutsimikiziridwa potengera liwiro lakudya lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi zida zamakina), pomwe mtengo wammbuyo B kuchokera ku G00 uyenera kulowetsedwa. mu parameter NO11852. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ngati dongosolo la CNC likufuna kupereka malipiro omwe atchulidwa mosiyana, chiwerengero chachinayi (RBK) cha nambala 1800 chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa ku 1; Kupanda kutero, kulipidwa kwapadera komwe kwatchulidwa kosiyana sikungachitike. Malipiro a gap. G02, G03, JOG, ndi G01 onse amagwiritsa ntchito malipiro ofanana.

Malipiro a Pitch Errors

Kuyika bwino kwa zida zamakina a CNC kumaphatikizapo kuwunika kulondola komwe zida zosunthika zamakina zimatha kufikira motsogozedwa ndi dongosolo la CNC. Kulondola uku kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakusiyanitsa zida zamakina a CNC ndi zida wamba. Zogwirizana ndi kulondola kwa geometric kwa chida cha makina, zimakhudza kwambiri kudula, makamaka pakukonza dzenje. Kulakwitsa kwa phula pakubowola dzenje kumakhudza kwambiri. Kuthekera kwa chida cha makina a CNC kuwunika kulondola kwake kumadalira kulondola kwa malo. Chifukwa chake, kuzindikira ndi kuwongolera kulondola kwa malo a zida zamakina a CNC ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti ntchitoyo ndi yabwino.

Njira yoyezera phula

Pakalipano, njira yoyamba yowunikira ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zida zamakina ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma interferometer awiri-frequency laser. Ma interferometers amenewa amagwira ntchito motsatira mfundo za laser interferometry ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito kutalika kwa nthawi yeniyeni ya laser monga momwe amayezera, potero amapititsa patsogolo kuyeza kwake ndikukulitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito.

Njira yodziwira mayendedwe ndi motere:

1. Ikani laser interferometer yapawiri-frequency.
2. Ikani chipangizo choyezera mowoneka motsatira mbali ya chida cha makina chomwe chimafunikira kuyeza.
3. Gwirizanitsani mutu wa laser kuti muwonetsetse kuti muyeso woyezera umakhala wofanana kapena collinear ndi kayendedwe ka chida cha makina, motero kulinganiza njira ya kuwala.
4. Lowetsani magawo oyezera laser ikafika kutentha kwake.
5. Chitani njira zoyezera zomwe mwauzidwa posuntha chida cha makina.
6. Sinthani deta ndikupanga zotsatira.

Kulipira Kolakwika kwa Pitch ndi Kuwongolera Mwadzidzidzi

Pamene cholakwika choyezera cha chida cha makina a CNC chikuposa mtundu wovomerezeka, pakufunika kukonza cholakwikacho. Njira imodzi yodziwika bwino imaphatikizira kupanga tebulo lolipira zolakwika ndikulowetsa pamanja mu makina a CNC a makina kuti akonze zolakwika. Komabe, kubweza pamanja kumatha kutenga nthawi komanso kumakonda zolakwika, makamaka pochita ndi zolipira zambiri pa nkhwangwa zitatu kapena zinayi za chida cha makina a CNC.

Kuti izi zitheke, njira yothetsera vutoli yapangidwa. Mwa kulumikiza kompyuta ndi wolamulira wa CNC wa chida cha makina kudzera pa mawonekedwe a RS232 ndikugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yoyeserera yokha yomwe idapangidwa mu VB, ndizotheka kulunzanitsa laser interferometer ndi chida cha makina a CNC. Kulunzanitsa kumeneku kumathandizira kuzindikira kulondola kwa chida cha makina a CNC ndikukhazikitsanso kubweza zolakwika. Njira yolipirira ikuphatikizapo:

1. Kupanga zosunga zobwezeretsera zomwe zilipo kale mu CNC control system.
2. Kupanga chida cha makina CNC pulogalamu yoyezera kulondola kwa mfundo ndi mfundo pogwiritsa ntchito kompyuta, yomwe imatumizidwa ku dongosolo la CNC.
3. Kuyeza mokha cholakwika choyika pa mfundo iliyonse.
4. Kupanga magawo atsopano a chipukuta misozi kutengera zomwe zidakonzedweratu ndikuzipereka ku CNC system kuti mubwezere phula.
5. Kutsimikizira kulondola mobwerezabwereza.

Mayankho enieniwa akufuna kupititsa patsogolo kulondola kwa zida zamakina a CNC. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti kulondola kwa zida zamakina a CNC kumatha kusiyana. Chifukwa chake, zida zamakina ziyenera kusinthidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.

Ngati kubweza zolakwika sikunachitike pa chida cha makina, kudzakhala ndi zotsatira zotani pazigawo za CNC zopangidwa?

Ngati chiwongolero cha zolakwika chimanyalanyazidwa pa chida cha makina, chikhoza kubweretsa kusagwirizana muZithunzi za CNCzopangidwa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chida cha makina chili ndi vuto losasinthika, malo enieni a chidacho kapena chogwirira ntchitocho chikhoza kusiyana ndi malo omwe atchulidwa mu pulogalamu ya CNC, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolakwika komanso zolakwika za geometric m'magawo opangidwa.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati makina a CNC mphero ali ndi cholakwika chosasinthika mu X-axis, mipata ya milled kapena mabowo mu workpiece angakhale olakwika kapena miyeso yolakwika. Momwemonso, pakapangidwe ka lathe, zolakwika zoyika bwino zimatha kuyambitsa zolakwika m'mimba mwake kapena kutalika kwa magawo otembenuzidwa. Zosiyanasiyana izi zitha kupangitsa kuti magawo omwe sanafanane azilephera

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