Ayenera kukhala katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito
Zida zamakina a CNC zimaphatikizira kubowola, mphero, wotopetsa, kubwezeretsa, kugogoda, ndi njira zina. Kuwerenga kwaukadaulo pakati pa akatswiri ndikokwera kwambiri. Mapulogalamu a CNC ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito chinenero cha makompyuta kuti awonetsere luso la kukonza. Technology ndiye maziko a mapulogalamu. Muyenera kumvetsetsa ukadaulo kuti mupange pulogalamu.
Kusankha ntchito yodula makina kumatanthawuza kuti masiku oyambirira a mafakitale adzakhala ovuta. Akatswiri opanga makina ndi akatswiri odziwa zambiri. Kuti muyenerere ntchitoyi, muyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito lathes, makina opera, mphero, malo opangira makina, ndi zina zotero. Muyeneranso kusonkhanitsa ndondomeko, kuyerekezera kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zinthu, ndikuwerengera kuchuluka kwa magawo muofesi.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe zida zosiyanasiyana zamakina zimagwirira ntchito komanso luso la akatswiri amisonkhano. Pambuyo pazaka 2-3 zoyeserera, mutha kukhala oyenerera ndondomeko. Phunzirani momasuka kwa ogwira ntchito ndi ambuye chifukwa zaka zambiri zakuchitikirani zitha kukuthandizani kupewa zokhota zambiri. Chidziwitsochi sichingapezeke m'mabuku. Kusankha njira kumaphatikizapo kuganizira mozama za kuthekera kwa zida ndi luso la ogwira ntchito. Ndi chithandizo ndi chidaliro cha ogwira ntchito, ndizotheka kukhala katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito. Kupyolera mu nthawi yayitali yophunzirira ndi kudzikundikira, muyenera kufikira milingo iyi ndi zofunikira:
1. Kumvetsetsa kapangidwe kake ndi machitidwe a makina obowola, mphero, otopetsa, opera, ndi ma planing.
2. Kumvetsetsa momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito.
3. Chidziwitso chokhazikika cha chiphunzitso cha zida, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa zida zodulira, ndi zina zambiri.
4. Kudziwa ndondomeko ya ndondomeko, malangizo, ndi zofunikira zonse za ndondomeko zosiyanasiyana za ndondomeko ndi njira zamagulu ochiritsira. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu moyenera komanso kuchuluka kwa nthawi yogwira ntchito, ndi zina.
5. Kusonkhanitsa zidziwitso zambiri za zida, zida zamakina, ndi miyezo yamakina. Makamaka, kudziwa bwino zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamakina a CNC.
6. Kumvetsetsa kasankhidwe ndi kukonza kwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.
7. Kukhala ndi chidziwitso chodziwika bwino cha mitundu yokhudzana ndi ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kuponyera, kukonza magetsi, chithandizo cha kutentha, ndi zina zotero.
8. Kukhala ndi maziko olimba muzitsulo.
9. Kumvetsetsa zofunikira za msonkhano ndi zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito magawo okonzedwa.
10. Kukhala ndi maziko olimba muukadaulo woyezera.
Wodziwa bwino mapulogalamu a CNC ndi mapulogalamu apakompyuta
Pali malangizo ochepa chabe a mapulogalamu, ndipo machitidwe osiyanasiyana ali ofanana. Nthawi zambiri, zimatenga miyezi 1-2 kuti mudziwe bwino. Mapulogalamu odzipangira okha ndi ovuta pang'ono ndipo amafuna kutengera chitsanzo. Komabe, kwa anthu omwe ali ndi maziko amphamvu a CAD, ndizosavuta. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati ndikukonza pamanja, kumvetsetsa bwino kwa analytic geometry ndikofunikira! M'malo mwake, muyezo wa pulogalamu yabwino ndi:
1. Zosavuta kumvetsetsa ndikukonzekera, ndipo onse ogwira ntchito angathe kuzimvetsa.
2. Malangizo ochepa mu gawo la pulogalamu, amakhala bwino, ndi cholinga cha kuphweka, kuchita, ndi kudalirika. Kuchokera pamawonedwe a mapulogalamu, malangizowo ndi G00 ndi G01 okha, ndipo enawo ndi malangizo othandizira, omwe amaikidwa kuti azitha kupanga mapulogalamu.
3. Kusintha kwabwino. Ndi bwino kusunga pulogalamu yomweyo pamenecnc makonda makinakulondola kwapang'onopang'ono kumafunika kukonzedwa bwino. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chida chavala ndipo chiyenera kusinthidwa, sinthani utali ndi utali wozungulira pa tebulo lachida.
4. Ntchito yabwino. Mapulogalamu ayenera kupangidwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito chida cha makina, chomwe chimathandizira kuyang'ana, kuyang'ana, kuyeza, chitetezo, ndi zina zotero. pakati ndi yopingasa Machining pakati processing. Pokonza makina, njira yosavuta ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri.
Wodziwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina a CNC
Luso limeneli nthawi zambiri limafuna zaka 1-2 za kuphunzira. Ndi ntchito yogwira ntchito yomwe imafuna kukhudza tcheru. Ngakhale oyamba kumene angadziwe chiphunzitsocho, kudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ndizovuta. Kuti muchite bwino m'derali, muyenera kukhala odziwa bwino ntchito zamakina, kukhazikitsa zida, kuyanjanitsa magawo, zida zosinthira, zero offset ndi makonzedwe amalipiro a kutalika kwa zida, komanso makonzedwe amalipiro a radius, kukhazikitsa ndi kutsitsa zida ndi zida.
Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kumvetsetsa zida zogaya ndi njira zoyezera magawo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ma vernier calipers, ma micrometer, zizindikiro zoyimba, ndi zizindikiro zamkati zamkati. Ovuta kwambiri ntchito amapezeka yopingasa Machining malo ndi lalikulu gantry (kusuntha matabwa, pamwamba matabwa) Machining malo.
Kukhala waluso pa luso limeneli kumafuna kumvetsa mozama. Nthawi zambiri, kuyambira pakukonza gawo loyambirira mpaka kukwaniritsa kulondola kofunikira ndi udindo wa katswiri wokonza mapulogalamu a CNC. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chida cha makina molondola kuti mufike pamlingo uwu waluso.
Ayenera kukhala ndi maziko abwino a ukadaulo woyezera ndi kuyeza
Zokonza ndi ukadaulo woyezera ndizofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti magawo amakonzedwa bwino komanso kulondola kwa zida zamakina. Zimasonyezanso luso la ogwira ntchito. Zonsecnc kupanga ndondomekomakina amadalira makina opanga zida kuti atsimikizire kulondola, wopanga zida zopangira zida ndi magawo odulira, ndi ogwira ntchito popanga mwapadera zida zopangira zida zinazake. Zida zamakina a CNC nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuzikonza, zomwe zimadzetsa zovuta zosayembekezereka.
Pakukonza zolakwika, zoposa theka lazifukwa zolephereka kwa gawo loyamba la kukonza zimagwirizana ndi malo osayenera, ma clamping point, ndi clamping force of fixture. Kusanthula zovuta zamakina ndizovuta chifukwa zimatha kukhala zabwino komanso zovuta kuziwerengera, makamaka popanda luso pakupanga makonzedwe ndi kuwongolera mbali. Kufunafuna upangiri kwa akatswiri odziwa ntchito zamakina owongolera makina otopetsa ndikofunikira. Maluso oyezera olondola ndi ofunikira pamakina ndipo amafunikira luso logwiritsa ntchito zida monga vernier calipers, micrometers, dial indicators, mainchester lever gauges, ndi calipers. Nthawi zina, kuyeza pamanja kumakhala kofunikira chifukwa zida zoyezera zamagulu atatu sizingakhale zodalirika pakukonza gawo.
Waluso pakukonza zida zamakina a CNC
Kudziwa zida CNC makina, muyenera kukhala:
1. Kumvetsetsa zigawo zamagetsi za CNC ndi mfundo zowongolera. Kutha kuzindikira chigawo chilichonse mu bokosi lamagetsi, kudziwa ntchito yake, ndikutanthauzira zojambula zamagetsi. Komanso, mutha kuzindikira zomwe zili ndi ma alarm potengera nambala ya alamu yamagetsi.
2. Kumvetsetsa kapangidwe kake ndi mfundo yopatsirana ya wononga mpira, ndipo dziwani zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kulondola kwa chida cha makina.
3. Kumvetsetsa kapangidwe ka mayendedwe pamakona onse a makina opangira zida ndi momwe amakhudzira kulondola kwa chida cha makina.
4. Mvetsetsani makina opangira mafuta opangira makina, kuphatikiza malo opaka mafuta a ma bearing, ma spindles, ma kinematic pairs, ndi ma gearbox. Komanso, dziwani mtundu wamafuta opaka zida zamakina komanso momwe amagwiritsira ntchito mlungu uliwonse kapena mwezi uliwonse.
5. Kumvetsetsa dongosolo lozizira la chida cha makina, kuphatikizapo kudula (madzi, mpweya) kuzizira, kuzizira kwa spindle, ndi kuzizira kwa bokosi lamagetsi.
6. Kumvetsetsa kapangidwe kake kakufalikira kwa chida cha makina ndi mawonekedwe enieni a data okhudzana ndi liwiro ndi torque ya chida chilichonse cha makina.
7. Mvetsetsani mawonekedwe a makina opangira zida zopangira makina, kuphatikiza ngati ndi njanji yofananira kapena njanji ya slide ndi kukhazikika kwake (kunyamula katundu).
8. Kutha kuthana ndi zolakwika zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri monga zolakwika zochulukirapo komanso zolakwika za nambala ya chida chamagazini.
9. Wodziwa bwino zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana (static, dynamic) ndi njira zodziwira zida zamakina.
10. Kudziwa njira ya magazini ya chida ndi mfundo yosinthira zida.
Ndizovuta kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonsezi popanda maphunziro opitilira zaka zitatu.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-26-2024