Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimapangidwira mbali za aluminiyamu, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zinthu, mawonekedwe a gawolo, komanso kupanga zinthu. Pali makamaka mbali izi: mapindikidwe chifukwa cha kupsyinjika kwamkati kwa chopanda kanthu, kupunduka chifukwa cha kudula mphamvu ndi kudula kutentha, ndi mapindikidwe chifukwa clamping mphamvu.
【1】Chitanipo njira zochepetsera kusinthika kwa ma process
1. Chepetsani kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kulibe kanthu
Kukalamba kwachilengedwe kapena kochita kupanga ndi chithandizo cha kugwedezeka kungathe kuthetsa pang'ono kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kulibe kanthu. Pre-processing ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri. Kwa opanda kanthu ndi mutu wamafuta ndi makutu akulu, chifukwa cha gawo lalikulu, kupindika pambuyo pokonza kumakhalanso kwakukulu. Ngati owonjezera gawo akusowekapo chisanadze kukonzedwa ndi chilolezo cha gawo lililonse yafupika, izo sizingakhoze kuchepetsa processing mapindikidwe a ndondomeko wotsatira, komanso kumasula mbali ya kupsyinjika mkati pambuyo chisanadze processing kwa nthawi ya. nthawi.
2. Kupititsa patsogolo luso lodula la chida
Zakuthupi ndi mawonekedwe a geometric a chidacho zimakhudza kwambiri mphamvu yodulira ndi kudula kutentha. Kusankhidwa kolondola kwa chida ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muchepetse makina osinthika a gawolo.
(1) Kusankhidwa koyenera kwa zida za geometric.
①Nthawi ya Rake: Pamalo osungira mphamvu ya tsamba, ngodya yopangirayo imasankhidwa moyenerera kuti ikhale yokulirapo, mbali imodzi, imatha kupukusa m'mphepete, ndipo kumbali ina, imatha kuchepetsa kudulira, kupanga. kuchotsa chip kusalala, ndiyeno kuchepetsa mphamvu yodulira ndi kudula kutentha. Osagwiritsa ntchito zida zokhala ndi angle yolakwika.
②Ngodya yothandizira: Kukula kwa mbali ya chithandizo kumakhudza mwachindunji kuvala kwa mbali ndi mtundu wa makina opangidwa. Kudula makulidwe ndi chinthu chofunikira posankha ngodya ya chilolezo. Pa mphero yaukali, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya, katundu wodula kwambiri, ndi m'badwo waukulu wa kutentha, chidacho chimafuna kutentha kwabwino. Choncho, mbali ya chilolezo iyenera kusankhidwa kuti ikhale yaying'ono. Pamene mphero yabwino, m'mphepete mwake mumayenera kukhala wakuthwa, kukangana pakati pa nkhope ya m'mbali ndi malo opangidwa ndi makina kumachepetsedwa, ndipo kusinthika kwa zotanuka kumachepetsedwa. Choncho, mbali ya chilolezo iyenera kukhala yaikulu.
③ Helix angle: Kuti mphero ikhale yosalala komanso kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mphero, ngodya ya helix iyenera kukhala yayikulu momwe mungathere.
④Main declination angle: Kuchepetsa bwino mbali yayikulu yochepetsera kumatha kusintha kutentha ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa malo opangirako.
(2) Konzani dongosolo la zida.
①Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa mano a mphero ndikuwonjezera malo a chip. Chifukwa cha pulasitiki yaikulu ya aluminiyumu ndi kudulidwa kwakukulu kodula panthawi yokonza, malo akuluakulu a chip amafunika, kotero kuti pansi pa chip groove chiyenera kukhala chachikulu ndipo chiwerengero cha mano odula mphero chiyenera kukhala chaching'ono.
② Kukukuta bwino mano. Mtengo wa roughness wa m'mphepete mwa mano ocheka uyenera kukhala wocheperapo Ra = 0.4um. Musanagwiritse ntchito mpeni watsopano, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mwala wonyezimira bwino wamafuta kuti muwongole kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa mano a mpeni kangapo kuti muchotse ma burrs ndi ma serrations ang'onoang'ono omwe amatsalira pakunola mano. Mwa njira iyi, kutentha sikungathe kuchepetsedwa, komanso kudulidwa kwa kudula kumakhala kochepa.
③ Yang'anirani mwamphamvu kavalidwe ka chida. Chidacho chitavala, kuchuluka kwa roughness kwa workpiece kumawonjezeka, kutentha kwa kudula kumakwera, ndipo kusinthika kwa workpiece kumawonjezeka. Choncho, kuwonjezera pa kusankha zipangizo zida ndi kukana zabwino kuvala, chida kuvala muyezo sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 0.2mm, apo ayi n'zosavuta kutulutsa anamanga m'mphepete. Podula, kutentha kwa workpiece sayenera kupitirira 100 ℃ kuteteza mapindikidwe.
3. Kupititsa patsogolo njira ya clamping ya workpiece
Pazitsulo zopyapyala zokhala ndi mipanda ya aluminiyamu yosakhazikika bwino, njira zotsatirazi zokhomerera zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa mapindikidwe:
① Pazigawo zopyapyala zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala, ngati chuck ya nsagwada zitatu yodziyimira yokha kapena chuck ya masika igwiritsidwa ntchito poboola ma radial, ikangotulutsidwa ikakonzedwa, chogwiriracho chimapunthwa. Panthawiyi, njira yosindikizira nkhope ya axial ndi yolimba bwino iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ikani dzenje lamkati la gawolo, pangani ulusi wa mandrel, mulowetse mu dzenje lamkati la gawolo, pezani nkhope yomaliza ndi mbale yophimba, ndiyeno muyimitse ndi nati. Mukamapanga bwalo lakunja, kupotoza kwa clamping kumatha kupewedwa, kuti mupeze kulondola kokwanira kwa makina.
② Mukakonza zogwirira ntchito zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala komanso yopyapyala, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito makapu akuyamwa vacuum kuti mupeze mphamvu yogawira yogawanika, kenako ndikudula pang'ono, yomwe ingalepheretse kupunduka kwa workpiece.
Kuphatikiza apo, njira yolongedza ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Pofuna kuonjezera ndondomeko kukhazikika kwa workpieces woonda-mipanda, sing'anga akhoza kudzazidwa mkati workpiece kuchepetsa mapindikidwe workpiece pa clamping ndi kudula. Mwachitsanzo, urea kusungunuka wokhala ndi 3% mpaka 6% potaziyamu nitrate amatsanuliridwa mu workpiece. Pambuyo pokonza, workpiece imatha kumizidwa m'madzi kapena mowa, ndipo chodzazacho chikhoza kusungunuka ndikutsanulidwa.
4. Kukonzekera koyenera kwa njira
Nthawikudula kothamanga kwambiri, chifukwa chachikulu machining allowance ndi kudula anasokonekera, ndondomeko mphero zambiri amapanga kugwedera, zomwe zimakhudza kulondola Machining ndi pamwamba roughness. Choncho, CNC mkulu-liwiro kudula ndondomeko akhoza zambiri kugawidwa mu: roughing-semi-kumaliza-ngodya kuyeretsa-kumaliza ndi njira zina. Kwa magawo omwe ali ndi zofunikira zolondola kwambiri, nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuchita kumaliza kwachiwiri ndikumaliza. Pambuyo pokonza movutikira, zigawozo zimatha kukhazikika mwachilengedwe, ndikuchotsa kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha makina olimba komanso kuchepetsa kusinthika. Chilolezo chomwe chimasiyidwa pambuyo pokonza movutikira chiyenera kukhala chachikulu kuposa mapindikidwe, nthawi zambiri 1 mpaka 2 mm. Pamapeto, kutsirizitsa pamwamba pa mbali ayenera kukhala yunifolomu Machining allowance, ambiri 0.2 ~ 0.5mm, kuti chida ndi mu boma khola pa ndondomeko Machining, amene kwambiri kuchepetsa kudula mapindikidwe, kupeza wabwino pamwamba Machining khalidwe, ndi onetsetsani kuti Zogulitsa zili zolondola.
【2】 luso ntchito kuchepetsa mapindikidwe processing
Kuphatikiza pazifukwa zomwe zili pamwambazi, zigawo za aluminiyamu zimapunduka panthawi yokonza. Mu ntchito yeniyeni, njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndiyofunikanso kwambiri.
1. Kwa magawo omwe ali ndi gawo lalikulu la makina, kuti akhale ndi kutentha kwabwinoko pakupanga makina ndikupewa kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono, ma symmetrical Machining amayenera kutengedwa panthawi yopangira. Ngati pepala lakuda la 90mm liyenera kukonzedwa mpaka 60mm, ngati mbali imodzi ikuphwanyidwa ndipo mbali inayo ikuphwanyidwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo kukula komaliza kumakonzedwa nthawi imodzi, flatness idzafika 5mm; ngati imakonzedwa mofananira ndi kudyetsa mobwerezabwereza, mbali iliyonse imakonzedwa kawiri mpaka Kukula komaliza kumatha kutsimikizira kusalala kwa 0.3mm.
2. Ngati pali mikwingwirima yambiri pazigawo za mbale, sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yotsatizana ya khola limodzi ndi khola limodzi panthawi yokonza, zomwe zingapangitse kuti ziwalozo zikhale zopunduka chifukwa cha kupsinjika kosagwirizana. Mipikisano wosanjikiza processing amatengedwa, ndipo wosanjikiza aliyense kukonzedwa ku cavities onse pa nthawi yomweyo, ndiyeno wosanjikiza wotsatira kukonzedwa kuti zigawo wogawana anatsindika ndi kuchepetsa mapindikidwe.
3. Kuchepetsa mphamvu yodula ndi kudula kutentha mwa kusintha kuchuluka kwa kudula. Pakati pa zinthu zitatu za kudula kuchuluka, kuchuluka kwa kubwezeredwa kumbuyo kumakhudza kwambiri mphamvu yodula. Ngati malipiro a makinawa ndi aakulu kwambiri, mphamvu yodulira ya chiphaso chimodzi ndi yaikulu kwambiri, yomwe siidzangowononga mbalizo, komanso imakhudza kulimba kwa makina opangira makina opota ndikuchepetsa kukhazikika kwa chida. Ngati kuchuluka kwa mipeni yomwe imayenera kudyedwa kumbuyo kwacheperachepera, kupanga bwino kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Komabe, mphero yothamanga kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu CNC Machining, yomwe imatha kuthana ndi vutoli. Ngakhale kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kudula mmbuyo, bola ngati chakudya chikuwonjezeka moyenerera ndipo liwiro la chida cha makina likuwonjezeka, mphamvu yodulira imatha kuchepetsedwa ndipo kugwiritsira ntchito bwino kungathe kutsimikiziridwa panthawi yomweyo.
4. Dongosolo la kusuntha kwa mpeni liyenera kuperekedwanso chidwi. Kupanga makina movutikira kumagogomezera kuwongolera bwino kwa makina ndikutsata kuchuluka kwa kuchotsa pa nthawi ya unit. Nthawi zambiri, mphero yodulidwa imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndiko kuti, zinthu zowonjezera zomwe zili pamwamba pa chopanda kanthu zimachotsedwa pa liwiro lachangu komanso nthawi yochepa kwambiri, ndipo mawonekedwe a geometric omwe amafunikira kuti amalize amapangidwa. Ngakhale kutsirizitsa kumatsindika kulondola kwambiri komanso khalidwe lapamwamba, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mphero. Chifukwa makulidwe odula a mano odula pang'onopang'ono amachepa kuchokera pamlingo wokulirapo mpaka ziro panthawi yopera, kuchuluka kwa ntchito yolimba kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa gawolo kumachepetsedwanso.
5. Zogwirira ntchito zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala ndizopunduka chifukwa cha kutsekereza panthawi yokonza, ndipo ngakhale kumaliza sikungalephereke. Pofuna kuchepetsa mapindikidwe a workpiece kukhala osachepera, mukhoza kumasula kukanikiza chidutswa musanatsirize kukula komaliza, kuti workpiece akhoza momasuka kubwerera ku chikhalidwe chake choyambirira, ndiyeno kusindikiza pang'ono, malinga ngati workpiece akhoza kukhala. kutsekedwa (konse). Malinga ndi dzanja kumverera), yabwino processing zotsatira angapezeke motere. M'mawu amodzi, malo ogwirira ntchito a mphamvu yokhotakhota ndi yabwino pamtunda wothandizira, ndipo mphamvu yokhotakhota iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito potsata kulimba kwabwino kwa workpiece. Pamaziko a kuonetsetsa kuti workpiece si lotayirira, ang'onoang'ono clamping mphamvu, ndi bwino.
6. Pamene mukukonza mbali zokhala ndi kabowo, yesetsani kuti wodula mphero asalowe mwachindunji mu gawolo ngati kubowola pobowola pobowola, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo osakwanira odula mphero agwirizane ndi tchipisi ndi kuchotsa bwino tchipisi, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kwambiri, kukulitsa. ndi kugwa kwa ziwalozo. Mipeni, mipeni yosweka ndi zochitika zina zosasangalatsa. Choyamba kuboola bowolo ndi kubowola kofanana ndi chodulira mphero kapena kukula kumodzi, ndiyeno mpheroyo ndi mphero.wodula mphero. Kapenanso, mapulogalamu a CAM angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga mapulogalamu a helical rundown.
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza kulondola kwa makina ndi khalidwe lapamwamba la zigawo za aluminiyamu ndikuti mbali zoterezi zimakhala zosavuta kusinthika panthawi ya makina, zomwe zimafuna kuti wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akhale ndi luso linalake la ntchito ndi luso.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-07-2022