Normalizing, annealing, kuzimitsa, kutentha.

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa annealing ndi kutentha ndi:
Mwachidule, kutsekemera kumatanthauza kusakhala ndi kuuma, ndipo kupsya mtima kumasungabe kuuma kwina.

Kutentha:

Kapangidwe kamene kamapezedwa ndi kutentha kwapamwamba ndi tempered sorbite. Kawirikawiri, kutentha sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kokha. Cholinga chachikulu cha tempering pambuyo mbali quenching ndi kuthetsa quenching nkhawa ndi kupeza dongosolo chofunika. Malingana ndi kutentha kosiyanasiyana, kutentha kumagawidwa mu kutentha kochepa, kutentha kwapakati ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Kutentha kwa martensite, troostite ndi sorbite kunapezedwa motsatira.

Pakati pawo, chithandizo cha kutentha chomwe chimaphatikizidwa ndi kutentha kwapamwamba pambuyo pozimitsa kumatchedwa quenching ndi tempering chithandizo, ndipo cholinga chake ndi kupeza zinthu zambiri zamakina ndi mphamvu zabwino, kuuma, pulasitiki ndi kulimba. Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagalimoto ofunikira, mathirakitala, zida zamakina, ndi zina zambiri, monga ndodo zolumikizira, mabawuti, magiya ndi ma shafts. Kuuma pambuyo kutentha nthawi zambiri kumakhala HB200-330.

kuchepetsa:

Kusintha kwa Pearlite kumachitika panthawi ya annealing. Cholinga chachikulu cha annealing ndi kupanga mkati mwa zitsulo kufika kapena kuyandikira chikhalidwe chofanana, ndikukonzekera kukonzekera kotsatira ndi chithandizo chomaliza cha kutentha. Kuchepetsa kupsinjika ndi njira yochepetsera kupsinjika kotsalira komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kukonza mapulasitiki, kuwotcherera, ndi zina zambiri komanso kupezeka pakuponya. Pali kupsinjika kwamkati mkati mwa workpiece pambuyo popanga, kuponyera, kuwotcherera ndi kudula. Ngati si kuthetsedwa mu nthawi, workpiece adzakhala wopunduka pa processing ndi ntchito, zomwe zidzakhudza kulondola kwa workpiece.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito njira yochepetsera nkhawa kuti muchepetse kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kumachitika panthawi yokonza. Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo kumakhala kochepa kusiyana ndi kutentha kwa kusintha kwa gawo, kotero, palibe kusintha kwapangidwe komwe kumachitika panthawi yonse ya chithandizo cha kutentha. Kupsinjika kwamkati kumachotsedwa makamaka mwachilengedwe ndi chogwirira ntchito panthawi yosungira kutentha komanso kuzizira pang'onopang'ono.

Pofuna kuthetsa kupsinjika kwa mkati mwa workpiece mozama, kutentha kwa kutentha kuyenera kuyendetsedwa panthawi yotentha. Nthawi zambiri, imayikidwa mu ng'anjo pa kutentha kochepa, kenako imatenthedwa ndi kutentha komweko pa kutentha kwa pafupifupi 100 ° C / h. Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa weldment kuyenera kupitirira pang'ono kuposa 600 ° C. Nthawi yogwira imatengera momwe zinthu ziliri, nthawi zambiri 2 mpaka 4 hours. Nthawi yogwira ntchito yochepetsera kupsinjika imatenga malire apamwamba, kuzizira kumayendetsedwa pa (20-50) ℃/h, ndipo kumatha kukhazikika mpaka pansi pa 300 ℃ isanazizidwe mpweya.

   Chithandizo cha ukalamba chingagawidwe m'mitundu iwiri: kukalamba kwachilengedwe komanso kukalamba kochita kupanga. Kukalamba kwachilengedwe ndikuyika kuponyera pamalo otseguka kwa nthawi yoposa theka la chaka, kuti zichitike pang'onopang'ono, kotero kuti kupsinjika kotsalirako kutha kuthetsedwa kapena kuchepetsedwa. Kukalamba kochita kupanga ndikutenthetsa kuponya mpaka 550 ~ 650 ℃ Pangani kuchepetsa kupsinjika, komwe kumapulumutsa nthawi poyerekeza ndi ukalamba wachilengedwe, ndikuchotsa kupsinjika kotsalira bwino.

Kodi kutentha ndi chiyani?

Kutentha ndi njira yochizira kutentha yomwe imatenthetsa zinthu zazitsulo zozimitsidwa kapena zigawo zina kutentha kwina, ndiyeno kuzizizira mwanjira inayake pambuyo pogwira kwa nthawi inayake. Tempering ndi opareshoni anachita mwamsanga pambuyo quenching, ndipo kawirikawiri kutentha otsiriza mankhwala workpiece. Choncho, njira yolumikizirana yozimitsa ndi kutentha imatchedwa chithandizo chomaliza cha kutentha. Cholinga chachikulu cha kuchepetsa ndi kuchepetsa thupi ndi:

1) Chepetsani kupsinjika kwamkati ndikuchepetsa brittleness. Ziwalo zozimitsidwa zimakhala ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu komanso kupunduka. Ngati sakwiya msanga, nthawi zambiri amatha kupunduka kapena kusweka.

2) Sinthani mawonekedwe amakanika a workpiece. Pambuyo kuzimitsa, workpiece ndi mkulu kuuma ndi mkulu brittleness. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za ntchito zosiyanasiyana, zikhoza kusinthidwa ndi kutentha, kuuma, mphamvu, pulasitiki ndi kulimba.

3) Khola workpiece kukula. Mapangidwe a metallographic amatha kukhazikika ndikuwotcha kuti atsimikizire kuti palibe kusintha komwe kudzachitike pakagwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo.

4) Sinthani magwiridwe antchito azitsulo zina za alloy.

Popanga, nthawi zambiri zimatengera zofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa workpiece. Malingana ndi kutentha kosiyanasiyana, kutentha kumagawidwa kukhala kutsika kwa kutentha, kutentha kwapakati, ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Njira yochizira kutentha yomwe imaphatikizira kuzimitsa ndi kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kumatchedwa kuzimitsa ndi kutentha, ndiko kuti, imakhala ndi pulasitiki yabwino komanso yolimba pamene ili ndi mphamvu zambiri. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pogwira zida zamakina zokhala ndi katundu wambiri, monga masipilo a zida zamakina, mapiko am'mbuyo a axle, magiya amphamvu, ndi zina zambiri.

Kodi kuzimitsa ndi chiyani?

Kuzimitsa ndi njira yochizira kutentha yomwe imatenthetsa zinthu zachitsulo kapena zigawo pamwamba pa kutentha kwa kusintha kwa gawo, ndiyeno kumazizira kwambiri pamlingo wokulirapo kuposa kuzizira kofunikira pambuyo posungira kutentha kuti mupeze mawonekedwe a martensitic. Kuzimitsa ndiko kupeza mawonekedwe a martensitic, ndipo pambuyo potenthetsa, chogwiriracho chikhoza kupeza ntchito yabwino, kuti ikulitse kuthekera kwazinthuzo. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndi:

1) Sinthani makina azinthu zazitsulo kapena magawo. Mwachitsanzo: kukonza kuuma ndi kuvala kukana kwa zida, mayendedwe, etc., kuonjezera malire zotanuka akasupe, kukonzanso mabuku katundu wa mbali kutsinde, etc.

2) Sinthani zinthu zakuthupi kapena mankhwala azitsulo zina zapadera. Monga kuwongolera kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, kukulitsa maginito okhazikika achitsulo chachitsulo, etc.

Pozimitsa ndi kuziziritsa, kuwonjezera pa kusankha koyenera kwa sing'anga yozimitsira, njira zoyenera zozimitsira zimafunikanso. Njira zozimitsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mofala makamaka zimaphatikizapo kuzimitsa madzi amodzi, kuzimitsa madzi amadzi pawiri, kuzimitsa m'magulu, kuzimitsa kwachitsanzo, ndi kuzimitsa pang'ono.

Kusiyana ndi kugwirizana pakati pa normalizing, quenching, annealing ndi kutentha

Cholinga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito normalizing

① Kwa chitsulo cha hypoeutectoid, normalizing imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa mawonekedwe otenthedwa kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe a Widmanstatten a castings, forgings, weldments, ndi zomangira zomangira muzinthu zopindidwa; yeretsani mbewu; ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chisanadze kutentha mankhwala pamaso kuzimitsa.

② Pazitsulo za hypereutectoid, normalizing imatha kuthetsa reticular yachiwiri cementite ndikuyenga pearlite, zomwe sizimangowonjezera makina, komanso zimathandizira kuti spheroidizing annealing ichitike.

③ Kwa mbale zopyapyala zachitsulo zokhala ndi mpweya wocheperako, kukhazikika kumatha kuchotsa simenti yaulere pamalire a tirigu kuti apititse patsogolo zojambula zawo zakuya.

④ Pazitsulo za carbon low ndi low-carbon low-alloy steel, gwiritsani ntchito normalizing kuti mukhale ndi pearlite yopyapyala, onjezerani kuuma kwa HB140-190, pewani zochitika za "mpeni womata" panthawi yodula, ndikusintha machinability . Kwa sing'anga mpweya zitsulo, pamene zonse normalizing ndi annealing angagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndi ndalama zambiri ndi yabwino ntchito normalizing.

⑤ Kwa wamba wapakati-carbon structural chitsulo, normalizing angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo kuzimitsa ndi kutentha kwambiri kutentha pamene mawotchi katundu si mkulu, amene si ophweka ntchito, komanso bata kamangidwe ndi kukula kwa chitsulo.

⑥ Normalizing pa kutentha kwakukulu (150-200 ° C pamwamba pa Ac3) ikhoza kuchepetsa kusiyana kwa ma castings ndi forgings chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kufalikira kwa kutentha kwakukulu. Mbewu zouma zikatha kutentha kwambiri zimatha kuyengedwa ndi kukhazikika kwachiwiri pa kutentha kwachiwiri.

⑦ Pazitsulo zina zotsika ndi zapakatikati za carbon alloy zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma turbines ndi ma boilers, normalizing nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza kamangidwe kake, kenaka kutenthedwa pa kutentha kwakukulu. Imakhala ndi kukana bwino kukwawa ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 400-550 ° C.

⑧ Kuphatikiza pazigawo zachitsulo ndi zinthu zachitsulo, normalizing imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pochiza chitsulo cha ductile kuti mupeze matrix a pearlite ndikuwongolera mphamvu ya chitsulo cha ductile.

Popeza kuti normalizing imadziwika ndi kuziziritsa kwa mpweya, kutentha kozungulira, njira yosungiramo, kutuluka kwa mpweya ndi kukula kwa workpiece zonse zimakhudza mapangidwe ndi ntchito pambuyo pokhazikika. Mapangidwe okhazikika angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati njira yamagulu azitsulo za alloy. Nthawi zambiri, zitsulo za aloyi zimagawidwa kukhala chitsulo cha pearlite, chitsulo cha bainite, chitsulo cha martensitic ndi chitsulo cha austenitic malinga ndi microstructure yomwe imapezeka potentha chitsanzo ndi 25 mm mpaka 900 ° C ndi kuzizira kwa mpweya.

Annealing ndi njira yopangira kutentha kwachitsulo komwe chitsulo chimatenthedwa pang'onopang'ono mpaka kutentha kwina, kusungidwa kwa nthawi yokwanira, kenako kuzirala pamlingo woyenera. Chithandizo cha kutentha kwa Annealing chimagawidwa mu annealing wathunthu, annealing osakwanira ndi kuchepetsa nkhawa annealing. Zochita zamakina zamakina ophatikizika zimatha kuzindikirika ndi kuyesa kwamphamvu kapena kuyesa kuuma. Zida zambiri zazitsulo zimaperekedwa mu chikhalidwe cha annealing ndi kutentha kutentha.

Rockwell hardness tester ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyesa kuuma kwachitsulo. Kwa mbale zocheperako zachitsulo, zingwe zachitsulo ndi mapaipi achitsulo okhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala, oyesa kuuma kwa Rockwell angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyesa kuuma kwa HRT.

Cholinga cha annealing ndi:

① Konzani kapena kuthetsa zolakwika zosiyanasiyana zamapangidwe ndi kupsinjika kotsalira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chitsulo, kufota, kugudubuza ndi kuwotcherera, ndikupewa kupunduka ndi kusweka kwa zida zogwirira ntchito.

② Pewani chogwirira ntchito podula.

③ Kuyeretsa mbewu ndikuwongolera kapangidwe kake kuti apititse patsogolo mawonekedwe amakanika a workpiece.

④ Konzekerani gulu la chithandizo cha kutentha komaliza (kuzimitsa, kutentha).

Nthawi zambiri ntchito annealing ndondomeko

① Zoletsedwa kwathunthu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa mawonekedwe otenthedwa kwambiri okhala ndi zida zosauka zamakina pambuyo poponyera, kupanga ndi kuwotcherera kwachitsulo chapakati ndi chochepa cha carbon. Kutenthetsa workpiece ku 30-50 ° C pamwamba pa kutentha komwe ferrite imasandulika kukhala austenite, sungani kutentha kwa nthawi, ndiyeno muzizizira pang'onopang'ono ndi ng'anjo. Panthawi yozizira, austenite idzasinthanso kuti chitsulocho chikhale chochepa kwambiri .

② Kuwotcha kwa spheroidizing. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kuuma kwakukulu kwa chitsulo chachitsulo ndi zitsulo zobereka pambuyo popanga. Chogwiritsira ntchito chimatenthedwa mpaka 20-40 ° C pamwamba pa kutentha komwe chitsulo chimayamba kupanga austenite, ndiyeno chimakhazikika pang'onopang'ono pambuyo posungira kutentha. Panthawi yozizira, simenti ya lamellar mu pearlite imakhala yozungulira, motero kuchepetsa kuuma.

③ Kuwotcha kwa Isothermal. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa kuuma kwakukulu kwazitsulo zina za alloy zokhala ndi faifi tambala komanso chromium podula. Kawirikawiri, amayamba utakhazikika ku kutentha kosakhazikika kwa austenite mofulumira kwambiri, ndikusungidwa kwa nthawi yoyenera, austenite idzasandulika kukhala troostite kapena sorbite, ndipo kuuma kumatha kuchepetsedwa.

④ Recrystallization annealing. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa vuto lowumitsa (kuwonjezeka kwa kuuma ndi kuchepa kwa pulasitiki) wa waya wachitsulo ndi mbale yopyapyala pojambula kuzizira ndi kugudubuza kuzizira. Kutentha kwa kutentha kumakhala 50-150 ° C pansi pa kutentha komwe chitsulo chimayamba kupanga austenite. Ndi njira iyi yokha yomwe ntchito yowumitsa ntchito imatha kuthetsedwa ndipo zitsulo zimafewetsa.

⑤ Kujambula zithunzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza chitsulo chokhala ndi simenti yochuluka kukhala chitsulo chosasunthika chokhala ndi pulasitiki wabwino. Ntchitoyi ndikutenthetsa kuponyera kwa pafupifupi 950 ° C, kutenthetsa kwa nthawi inayake ndikuziziritsa bwino kuti kuwola simenti kuti apange gulu la flocculent graphite.

⑥ Kufalikira kwa annealing. Izo ntchito homogenize mankhwala zikuchokera aloyi castings ndi kusintha ntchito yawo. Njirayi ndi kutenthetsa kuponyera kwapamwamba kwambiri kotheka kutentha popanda kusungunuka, ndi kutentha kwa nthawi yaitali, ndiyeno kuziziritsa pang'onopang'ono pambuyo pa kufalikira kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana mu alloy kumakhala kugawidwa mofanana.

⑦ Kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa kupsinjika kwamkati kwazitsulo zachitsulo ndi zowotcherera. Kwa zitsulo ndi zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zotenthedwa mpaka 100-200 ° C pansi pa kutentha kumene austenite imayamba kupanga, kuziziritsa mumlengalenga pambuyo posungira kutentha kumatha kuthetsa nkhawa zamkati.

Kuzimitsa, njira yochizira kutentha kwazitsulo ndi galasi. Kutenthetsa aloyi mankhwala kapena galasi kuti kutentha, ndiyeno mofulumira kuzirala m'madzi, mafuta kapena mpweya, zambiri ntchito kuonjezera kuuma ndi mphamvu aloyi. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "dipping fire". Metal kutentha mankhwala reheat ndi kuzimitsidwa workpiece kuti kutentha koyenera otsika kuposa kutentha otsika kwambiri, ndiyeno kuziziritsa mu mpweya, madzi, mafuta ndi zina TV pambuyo akugwira kwa nthawi.

Zitsulo zogwirira ntchito zimakhala ndi izi pambuyo pozimitsa:

①Zopanda malire (ndiko kuti, zosakhazikika) monga martensite, bainite, ndi osungidwa austenite amapezedwa.

②Pali kupsinjika kwakukulu kwamkati.

③The makina katundu sangathe kukwaniritsa zofunika. Chifukwa chake, zitsulo zogwirira ntchito nthawi zambiri zimayenera kutenthedwa pambuyo pozimitsa.

Ntchito yotenthetsa

① Sinthani kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake, kuti chogwiriracho chisasinthenso minofu pakagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuti kukula kwa geometric ndi magwiridwe antchito azikhala okhazikika.

② Chotsani kupsinjika kwamkati kuti muwongolere magwiridwe antchito amagawo a cncndi kukhazikika miyeso ya geometric yamilled zigawo.

③ Sinthani makina achitsulo kuti akwaniritse zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito.

*Chomwe chimapangitsa kutentha kumakhala ndi zotsatirazi ndikuti kutentha kukakwera, ntchito ya maatomu imawonjezeka, ndipo maatomu a iron, carbon ndi zinthu zina zophatikizira muzitsulo amatha kufalikira mofulumira kuti azindikire kukonzanso kwa maatomu, motero kuwapangitsa kukhala osakhazikika. Gulu losalinganizika pang’onopang’ono limasanduka gulu lokhazikika lokhazikika. Mpumulo wa kupsinjika kwamkati umagwirizananso ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu zachitsulo pamene kutentha kumawonjezeka. Nthawi zambiri, chitsulo chikatenthedwa, kuuma ndi mphamvu kumachepa, ndipo pulasitiki imawonjezeka. Kutentha kwapamwamba kwa kutentha, kumasintha kwakukulu muzinthu zamakinawa. Zitsulo zina za aloyi zomwe zili ndi zinthu zambiri zopangira ma alloying zimatha kuyambitsa zitsulo zabwino kwambiri zikatenthedwa pamtundu wina wa kutentha, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu ndi kuuma.

Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa kuuma kwachiwiri.

Zofunikira pakuwongolera:zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana ziyenera kutenthedwa pazitentha zosiyanasiyana kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

① Zida zodulira, mayendedwe, zida zozimitsa ndi kuzimitsidwa, ndi zida zozimitsidwa pamwamba nthawi zambiri zimatenthedwa ndi kutentha kosachepera 250 ° C. Pambuyo pa kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono, kuuma sikumasintha kwambiri, kupsinjika kwamkati kumachepa, ndipo kulimba kumakula pang'ono.

② Kasupe amatenthedwa pa kutentha kwapakati pa 350-500 ° C kuti apeze kusungunuka kwakukulu ndi kulimba kofunikira.

③ Magawo opangidwa ndi chitsulo chapakati cha carbon structural chitsulo nthawi zambiri amatenthedwa pa kutentha kwakukulu kwa 500-600 ° C kuti apeze kuphatikiza kwamphamvu ndi kulimba.

Njira yochizira kutentha kwa kuzimitsa ndi kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri imatchedwa quenching and tempering.

Chitsulo chikatenthedwa pafupifupi 300 ° C, brittleness yake nthawi zambiri imawonjezeka. Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa mtundu woyamba wa kupsa mtima. Nthawi zambiri, sikuyenera kutenthedwa ndi kutentha uku. Zitsulo zina zapakati pa carbon alloy structural steels zimakhalanso zosavuta kuti ziwonongeke ngati zitakhazikika pang'onopang'ono kutentha kutentha pambuyo potentha kwambiri. Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa mtundu wachiwiri wa kupsa mtima. Kuwonjezera kwa molybdenum ku chitsulo, kapena kuzizira mu mafuta kapena madzi panthawi yotentha, kungalepheretse mtundu wachiwiri wa kupsa mtima. Kuphulika kumeneku kungathe kuthetsedwa mwa kutenthetsanso mtundu wachiwiri wa chitsulo chosasunthika ku kutentha koyambirira.

Kusintha kwa chuma

Lingaliro: Chitsulocho chimatenthedwa, chimatenthedwa ndikuzizira pang'onopang'ono kuti chipezeke pafupi ndi dongosolo lofanana.

1. Zoletsedwa kwathunthu

Njira: Kutenthetsa Ac3 pamwamba pa 30-50°C → kuteteza kutentha → kuziziritsa mpaka pansi pa 500°C ndi ng'anjo → kuzizirira kwa mpweya kutentha kwa firiji.

Cholinga: kuyeretsa mbewu, kapangidwe ka yunifolomu, kukonza kulimba kwa pulasitiki, kuthetsa kupsinjika kwamkati, ndikuthandizira kukonza.

2. Kutentha kwa Isothermal

Njira: Kutentha pamwamba pa Ac3 → kuteteza kutentha → kuziziritsa mwachangu mpaka kutentha kwa pearlite → kukhala kwa m'malo otentha → kusintha kukhala P → mpweya wozizirira kuchokera mung'anjo;

Cholinga: Chimodzimodzinso pamwambapa. Koma nthawi ndi yaifupi, yosavuta kuwongolera, ndipo deoxidation ndi decarburization ndizochepa. (Yogwirizana ndi chitsulo cha alloy ndi carbon yayikuluMachining zitsulo mbalindi supercooling yokhazikika A).

3. Spheroidizing annealing

Lingaliro:Ndi njira yopangira spheroidizing simenti muzitsulo.

Zolinga:Eutectoid ndi hypereutectoid steels

Njira:

(1) Isothermal spheroidizing annealing Kutentha pamwamba pa Ac1 mpaka madigiri 20-30 → kuteteza kutentha → kuzizira kofulumira kufika madigiri 20 pansi pa Ar1 → isothermal → kuzizira mpaka pafupifupi madigiri 600 ndi ng’anjo → mpweya wozizirira kuchokera mung’anjo.

(2) Kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kwa spheroidizing Ac1 pamwamba pa madigiri 20-30 → kuteteza kutentha → kuzizira pang'onopang'ono mpaka pafupifupi madigiri 600 → kuzirala kwa mpweya kuchokera mung'anjo. (Kuzungulira kwautali, kuchepa kwachangu, osagwira ntchito).

Cholinga: kuchepetsa kuuma, kukonza pulasitiki ndi kulimba, ndikuthandizira kudula.

Njira: Pangani pepala kapena simenti ya netiweki kukhala granular (yozungulira)

Kufotokozera: Pamene annealing ndi kutentha, kapangidwe si kwathunthu A, choncho amatchedwanso chosakwanira annealing.

4. Kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo

Njira: Kutentha mpaka kutentha kwina pansi pa Ac1 (madigiri 500-650) → kusunga kutentha → kuziziritsa pang'onopang'ono mpaka kutentha kwa chipinda.

Cholinga: Chotsani kupsinjika kotsalira kwamkati kwa castings, forgings, weldments, etc., ndikukhazikitsa kukula kwamakonda makina makina.

Kutentha kwachitsulo

Njira: Bweretsaninso zitsulo zozimitsidwa kutentha pansi pa A1 ndikuzitentha, kenako kuzizizira (nthawi zambiri mpweya wozizira) mpaka kutentha.

Cholinga: Chotsani kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kuzimitsa, khazikitsani kukula kwa workpiece, kuchepetsa brittleness, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito.

Zimango katundu: Pamene kutentha kumawonjezeka, kuuma ndi mphamvu kumachepa, pamene pulasitiki ndi kulimba kumawonjezeka.

1. Kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono: 150-250 ℃, M nthawi, kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwamkati ndi brittleness, kusintha kulimba kwa pulasitiki, kukhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu ndi kukana kuvala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zoyezera, mipeni ndi zonyamula, etc.

2. Kutentha pa kutentha kwapakati: 350-500 ° C, T nthawi, ndi kusungunuka kwakukulu, pulasitiki inayake ndi kuuma. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga akasupe, kupanga mafa, etc.

3. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutentha: 500-650 ℃, nthawi ya S, yokhala ndi zida zabwino zamakina. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga magiya, crankshafts, etc.

Anebon imapereka kulimba kwabwino kwambiri pakuchita bwino komanso kupita patsogolo, kugulitsa, kugulitsa kwakukulu ndi kulimbikitsa ndi kugwira ntchito kwa OEM/ODM Manufacturer Precision Iron Stainless Steel. Chiyambireni gawo lopanga zinthu lomwe lidakhazikitsidwa, Anebon tsopano yadzipereka pakupita patsogolo kwa katundu watsopano. Pamodzi ndi mayendedwe azachuma komanso azachuma, tipitiliza kupititsa patsogolo mzimu wa "zapamwamba kwambiri, zogwira mtima, zaluso, kukhulupirika", ndikukhalabe ndi mfundo za "ngongole poyambirira, kasitomala woyamba, wabwino kwambiri". Anebon ipanga tsogolo labwino kwambiri pakutulutsa tsitsi ndi anzathu.

OEM/ODM Manufacturer China Casting and Steel Casting, Mapangidwe, kukonza, kugula, kuyang'anira, kusungirako, kusonkhanitsa ndondomeko zonse zili muzochitika zasayansi komanso zogwira mtima, kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndi kudalirika kwa mtundu wathu mozama, zomwe zimapangitsa Anebon kukhala wogulitsa wamkulu wa magulu anayi akuluakulu mankhwala, monga CNC Machining, CNC mphero mbali, CNC kutembenukira ndi castings zitsulo.