The fixture design zambiri ikuchitika molingana ndi zofunika zenizeni za ndondomeko pambuyo Machining ndondomeko yamagawo a cnc Machiningndicnc kutembenuza magawoamapangidwa. Popanga ndondomekoyi, kuthekera kwa kukwaniritsidwa kwazitsulo kuyenera kuganiziridwa bwino, ndipo popanga zokonzekera, ngati kuli kofunikira, malingaliro osintha ndondomekoyi akhoza kuperekedwanso. Ubwino wa mapangidwe a chipangizocho uyenera kuyesedwa ngati ungathe kutsimikizira kukonzedwa bwino kwa chogwiriracho, kupanga bwino kwambiri, kutsika mtengo, kuchotsa tchipisi chosavuta, kugwiritsa ntchito kotetezeka, kupulumutsa antchito, kupanga ndi kukonza kosavuta.
1. Mfundo zoyambirira za kamangidwe kake
1. Kukhutitsa kukhazikika ndi kudalirika kwa malo ogwira ntchito panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito;
2. Pali mphamvu yokwanira yobereka kapena yokhotakhota kuti iwonetsetse kukonza kwa workpiece pazitsulo;
3. Kumanani ndi yosavuta komanso yachangu ntchito mu ndondomeko clamping;
4. Zigawo zomwe zili pachiwopsezo ziyenera kukhala ndi dongosolo lomwe lingasinthidwe mwachangu, ndipo ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito zida zina ngati zili zokwanira;
5. Kukhutitsa kudalirika kwa kubwereza mobwerezabwereza kwazitsulo panthawi ya kusintha kapena kusintha;
6. Pewani mapangidwe ovuta komanso okwera mtengo momwe mungathere;
7. Sankhani magawo okhazikika ngati chigawo chimodzi momwe mungathere;
8. Pangani dongosolo ndi kukhazikika kwazinthu zamkati zamakampani.
2. Chidziwitso choyambirira cha kapangidwe kake
Makina opangira makina abwino kwambiri ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunika izi:
1. Kuti muwonetsetse kulondola kwa makina a workpiece, chinsinsi chowonetsetsa kuti makinawo ali olondola ndikusankha bwino datum yoyikira, njira yoyika ndi kuika zigawo. Ngati n'koyenera, m'pofunika kusanthula malo cholakwika. M'pofunikanso kulabadira zotsatira za dongosolo la mbali zina mu fixture pa kulondola Machining. Kuonetsetsa kuti fixture akhoza kukwaniritsa Machining kulondola zofunika workpiece.
2. Kupititsa patsogolo luso la kupanga, zovuta zazitsulo zapadera ziyenera kusinthidwa kuti zikhale ndi mphamvu zopangira, ndipo njira zosiyanasiyana zochepetsera mofulumira komanso zogwira mtima ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito momwe zingathere kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino, kuchepetsa nthawi yothandizira, ndi kupititsa patsogolo kupanga.
3. Kukonzekera kwapadera kwapadera ndi ntchito yabwino ya ndondomeko ziyenera kukhala zosavuta komanso zomveka, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kupanga, kusonkhanitsa, kusintha, kuyang'anira ndi kukonza.
4. Zida zogwiritsira ntchito bwino ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso zolimba, ndipo ntchitoyo ikhale yosavuta, yopulumutsa anthu, yotetezeka komanso yodalirika. Poganizira kuti zolingazo zimaloleza ndipo ndizopanda ndalama komanso zimagwira ntchito, zida zamakina zamakina monga pneumatic ndi hydraulic pressure ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito momwe zingathere kuti muchepetse kulimba kwa wogwira ntchitoyo. Chojambulacho chiyeneranso kuthandizira kuchotsa chip. Ngati ndi kotheka, dongosolo kuchotsa chip chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa kuti chip chisawononge malo a workpiece ndi kuwononga chida, ndikuletsa kudzikundikira kwa tchipisi kuti zisabweretse kutentha kwakukulu ndikupangitsa mapindidwe a dongosolo.
5. Chokhazikika chapadera chokhala ndi chuma chabwino chiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo zokhazikika ndi ndondomeko yokhazikika momwe zingathere, ndipo yesetsani kukhala ndi dongosolo losavuta komanso losavuta kupanga kuti muchepetse mtengo wopangira zinthuzo. Chifukwa chake, kusanthula kofunikira kwaukadaulo ndi zachuma kwa dongosolo lokonzekera kuyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi dongosolo ndi mphamvu zopangira panthawi yopangira, kuti apititse patsogolo phindu lazachuma pakupanga.
3. Mwachidule za kukhazikika kwa zida ndi kamangidwe kake
1. Njira zoyambira ndi masitepe opangira zida
Kukonzekera musanapangidwe Zida zoyambira zopangira zida ndi izi:
a) Chidziwitso chaukadaulo monga chidziwitso cha kapangidwe kake, gawo lomaliza lazojambula, chojambula chopanda kanthu ndi njira yopangira, kumvetsetsa zofunikira zaukadaulo panjira iliyonse, kuyika ndi kukonza dongosolo, kukonza zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu, mawonekedwe opanda kanthu, zida zamakina ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito processing, Kuyendera kuyeza zida, Machining allowance ndi kudula kuchuluka, etc.;
b) Kumvetsetsa gulu lopanga komanso kufunikira kwa zida;
c) Kumvetsetsa magawo akuluakulu aukadaulo, magwiridwe antchito, mafotokozedwe, kulondola ndi makulidwe amtundu wolumikizidwa ndi zida, ndi zina za chida cha makina omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito;
d) Kuwerengera kwa zinthu zokhazikika zamakonzedwe.
2. Mavuto omwe amaganiziridwa pakupanga mapangidwe
Kamangidwe kake kamakhala ndi kamangidwe kamodzi, kamene kamapatsa anthu kumverera kuti kapangidwe kake sikovuta kwambiri, makamaka tsopano popeza kutchuka kwa zida zama hydraulic kumathandizira kwambiri kapangidwe kake koyambirira, koma ngati palibe kuganiziridwa mwatsatanetsatane pakupanga, zovuta zosafunikira zitha. zisanachitike:
a) Chilolezo chopanda kanthu cha workpiece chiyenera kukonzedwa. Kukula kwa chopanda kanthu ndi chachikulu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kusokoneza. Choncho, m'pofunika kukonzekera zojambula zovuta musanayambe kupanga. Siyani malo okwanira.
b) Chip kuchotsa kusalala kwa fixture. Chifukwa cha malo ochepa opangira makina opangira makina, nthawi zambiri amapangidwa m'malo osakanikirana. Panthawi imeneyi, nthawi zambiri amanyalanyazidwa kuti zitsulo zopangidwa ndi chitsulo zomwe zimapangidwira panthawi yopangira makina zimadziunjikira pakona yakufa, kuphatikizapo kusayenda bwino kwa madzi odula, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto amtsogolo. Kukonza kumabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Choncho, kumayambiriro kwa ndondomeko yeniyeni, mavuto omwe amadza panthawi yokonza ayenera kuganiziridwa. Kupatula apo, mawonekedwewo amatengera kuwongolera bwino komanso kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito.
c) Kutseguka kwathunthu kwa pulogalamuyo. Kunyalanyaza kutseguka kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akhazikitse khadi, yomwe imatenga nthawi komanso yolemetsa, ndipo mapangidwe ake ndi ovuta.
d) Mfundo zoyambira zongopeka za kamangidwe kake. Zosintha zilizonse ziyenera kudutsa nthawi zosawerengeka za kukanikiza ndi kumasula, kotero zitha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za wogwiritsa ntchito poyambira, koma zowonjezeredwazo ziyenera kusungidwa molondola, chifukwa chake musapange zomwe zimasemphana ndi mfundoyi. Ngakhale mutatha kuchita mwamwayi tsopano, sizitenga nthawi yayitali. Kupanga bwino kuyenera kuyimilira nthawi.
e) Kusinthana kwa zinthu zoyika. Choyikapo chimakhala chovala kwambiri, kotero kuti kusinthidwa mwachangu komanso kosavuta kuyenera kuganiziridwa. Ndibwino kuti musapange ngati gawo lalikulu.
Kuchuluka kwa zochitika zamapangidwe amtunduwu ndikofunikira kwambiri. Nthawi zina kupanga ndi chinthu chimodzi, koma ndi chinthu china muzogwiritsira ntchito, kotero kuti mapangidwe abwino ndi njira yopititsira patsogolo komanso mwachidule.
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa malinga ndi ntchito zawo:
01 clamping nkhungu
02 Kubowola ndi mphero zida
03 CNC, chida chuck
04 Mayeso a gasi, zida zoyesera madzi
05 Kudula ndi kumenyetsa zida
06 kuwotcherera zida
07 Ntchito yopukutira
08 Zida Zamsonkhano
09 pad kusindikiza, laser chosema chida
01 clamping nkhungu
Tanthauzo: Chida choikira ndi kumangirira ndi mawonekedwe azinthu
Zopangira:
1. Mtundu uwu wa clamping nkhungu umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa vise, ndipo kutalika kwake kumatha kudulidwa malinga ndi zosowa;
2. Zida zina zothandizira poyikira zimatha kupangidwa pa nkhungu yokhotakhota, ndipo nkhungu yotsekera nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi kuwotcherera;
3. Chithunzi pamwambapa ndi chithunzi chosavuta, ndipo kukula kwa nkhungu kumatsimikiziridwa ndi momwe zinthu zilili;
4. Gwirizanitsani mwamphamvu pini yoyikapo ndi mainchesi a 12mm pamalo oyenera pa nkhungu yosunthika, ndi dzenje loyikira pamalo ofananira ndi zithunzi zokhazikika kuti zigwirizane ndi pini;
5. Khomo la msonkhano liyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi kukulitsidwa ndi 0.1mm pamaziko a ndondomeko ya chithunzi chojambulapo popanda kuchepa panthawi ya mapangidwe.
02 Kubowola ndi mphero zida
Zopangira:
1. Ngati kuli kofunikira, zida zina zothandizira zitha kupangidwira pachimake chokhazikika ndi mbale yake yokhazikika;
2. Chithunzi chomwe chili pamwambapa ndi chithunzi chosavuta, ndipo momwe zinthu zilili ziyenera kupangidwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kazinthu;
3. Silinda imadalira kukula kwa mankhwala ndi kupsinjika maganizo panthawi yokonza, ndipo SDA50X50 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri;
03 CNC, chida chuck
CNC Chuck
Collet yamkati
Zopangira:
1. Kukula komwe sikunalembedwe m'chithunzi pamwambapa kumatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi kukula kwa dzenje lamkati la mankhwala enieni;
2. Bwalo lakunja lomwe limakhudzana ndi dzenje lamkati la mankhwala liyenera kusiya malire a 0.5mm mbali imodzi panthawi yopanga, ndipo potsiriza liyike pa chida cha makina a CNC ndikumaliza kutembenuza kukula kwake kuti zisawonongeke ndi kubisala. chifukwa cha njira yozimitsa;
3. Zida za gawo la msonkhano zimalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo za masika, ndipo gawo la ndodo ndi 45 #;
4. Ulusi M20 wa ndodo ya tayi ndi ulusi wamba, womwe ukhoza kusinthidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.
Chida Chamkati Beam Chuck
Zopangira:
1. Chithunzi chomwe chili pamwambachi ndi fanizo lofotokozera, ndipo kukula kwa msonkhano ndi kapangidwe kake zimatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe akunja ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala;
2. Zinthuzo ndi 45 #, kuzimitsidwa.
Chida chakunja mtengo chuck
Zopangira:
1. Chithunzi pamwambapa ndi fanizo lofotokozera, ndipo kukula kwenikweni kumadalira kukula ndi kapangidwe ka dzenje lamkati la mankhwala;
2. Bwalo lakunja lomwe limalumikizana ndi dzenje lamkati la chinthucho liyenera kusiya malire a 0.5mm mbali imodzi panthawi yopanga, ndipo pamapeto pake liyike pa chipangizocho ndikumaliza kutembenuza kukula kwake kuti zisawonongeke komanso kutsekeka komwe kumayambitsa. panjira yozimitsa;
3. Zinthuzo ndi 45 #, kuzimitsidwa.
04 Chida choyesera gasi
Zopangira:
1. Chithunzi pamwambapa ndi chithunzi chofotokozera cha chida choyesera gasi. Mapangidwe enieni amayenera kupangidwa molingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili. Lingaliro ndilokuti asindikize mankhwalawa m'njira yosavuta, ndikulola kuti gawo lomwe liyenera kuyesedwa lidzaze ndi gasi kuti litsimikizire kulimba kwake;
2. Kukula kwa silinda kungasinthidwe molingana ndi kukula kwenikweni kwa mankhwalawo, ndipo m'pofunikanso kuganizira ngati kugunda kwa silinda kungagwirizane ndi kunyamula ndi kuika mankhwala;
3. Malo osindikizira omwe amalumikizana ndi mankhwala nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mphira wabwino kwambiri, mphete ya rabara ya NBR ndi zipangizo zina zoponderezedwa bwino. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ngati pali malo osungiramo malo omwe akugwirizana ndi maonekedwe a mankhwala, yesetsani kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zapulasitiki zoyera zapulasitiki ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito. Chophimba chapakati chimakutidwa ndi nsalu ya thonje kuti zisawonongeke kuti zisawonongeke;
4. Malo opangira mankhwalawo ayenera kuganiziridwa pakupanga, kuti ateteze kutuluka kwa gasi kuti asamangidwe mkati mwazitsulo ndikuyambitsa kuzindikira zabodza.
05 zida zokhomera
Zomangamanga: Chithunzi pamwambapa chikuwonetsa momwe zimagwirizanirana ndi zida zokhomera. Ntchito ya mbale pansi ndikuthandizira kukonza pa workbench ya makina okhomera; ntchito ya chipika choyikirapo ndikukonza mankhwalawo, mawonekedwe enieniwo amapangidwa molingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili, ndipo malo apakati ali pafupi kuti atsogolere ndikusankha mosamala ndikuyika chinthucho; ntchito ya baffle ndikuthandizira mankhwala kuti asiyanitsidwe ndi mpeni wokhomerera; Chipilalacho chimagwira ntchito ngati chododometsa chokhazikika. Malo a msonkhano ndi miyeso ya zigawo zomwe tatchulazi zikhoza kupangidwa molingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili.
06 kuwotcherera zida
The kuwotcherera tooling makamaka ntchito kukonza malo a chigawo chilichonse mu msonkhano kuwotcherera ndi kulamulira kukula wachibale wa chigawo chilichonse mu msonkhano kuwotcherera. Kapangidwe kake makamaka ndi chipika choyikapo, chomwe chiyenera kupangidwa molingana ndi dongosolo lenileni lazigawo za aluminiyumu Machiningndimkuwa Machining zigawo. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti pamene mankhwalawa aikidwa pa chida chowotcherera, saloledwa kupanga malo osindikizidwa pakati pa zida kuti ateteze kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa malo osindikizidwa panthawi ya kuwotcherera Kutentha kuti asakhudze kukula kwa zigawo pambuyo pa kuwotcherera. .
07 Ntchito yopukutira
08 Zida Zamsonkhano
Assembly tooling zimagwiritsa ntchito ngati chipangizo kwa malo wothandiza pa msonkhano ndondomeko zigawo zikuluzikulu. Lingaliro lake ndilakuti mankhwalawa amatha kutengedwa mosavuta ndikuyikidwa molingana ndi kapangidwe ka zinthuzo, mawonekedwe amtundu wa chinthucho sangawonongeke panthawi ya msonkhano, ndipo chinthucho chikhoza kuphimbidwa ndi nsalu ya thonje kuti chiteteze chinthucho panthawi ya msonkhano. ntchito. Posankha zipangizo, yesani kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopanda zitsulo monga guluu woyera.
09 pad kusindikiza, laser chosema chida
Mfundo Zopangira: Konzani mawonekedwe a chipangizocho molingana ndi zofunikira zamalembo za momwe zinthu zilili. Chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa pa kumasuka kwa kutenga ndi kuyika mankhwala ndi chitetezo cha maonekedwe a mankhwala. Choyikapo ndi chida chothandizira cholumikizirana ndi chinthucho chiyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zopanda zitsulo monga guluu woyera. .
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-26-2022