Pambuyo pakugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, n'zosapeŵeka kuti padzakhala kufunikira kokonzanso kapena kuwonongeka ndi kusinthidwa. M'masiku oyambirira a chitukuko cha makina opanga makina, pankafunika kutchuka kwambiri kwa chidziwitso cha akatswiri ndi kuzindikira njira zoyendetsera ntchito zotetezeka. Lero, tingolankhula za disassembly of bearings.
Ndi zachilendo kwa anthu ena kuthyola ma bere mwachangu popanda kuwayang'ana bwino. Ngakhale kuti izi zingawoneke bwino, ndikofunika kulingalira kuti si zowonongeka zonse zomwe zimawoneka pamwamba pa kunyamula. Pakhoza kukhala kuwonongeka mkati komwe sikungawoneke. Komanso, kunyamula chitsulo kumakhala kolimba komanso kosavuta, kutanthauza kuti imatha kusweka pansi pa kulemera kwake, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa.
Ndikofunikira kutsatira njira zasayansi ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyenera pakuyika kapena kugawa ma bearings kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kulikonse. Kuphatikizika kolondola komanso kofulumira kwa ma bere kumafuna luso ndi chidziwitso, zomwe zafotokozedwa mozama m'nkhaniyi.
Chitetezo choyamba
Chitetezo chiyenera kukhala chofunika kwambiri pa ntchito iliyonse, kuphatikizapo kunyamula disassembly. Ma Bearings amatha kukhala ndi kuwonongeka ndikuwonongeka kumapeto kwa moyo wawo. Zikatero, ngati ndondomeko ya disassembly sikuchitika molondola ndipo mphamvu yochuluka ya kunja ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa kupatukana. Izi zingapangitse kuti zidutswa zazitsulo ziwuluke, zomwe zingawononge chitetezo. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito bulangeti lodzitchinjiriza ndikuchotsa zonyamula kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikuyenda bwino.
Gulu la kubala disassembly
Miyeso yothandizira ikapangidwa moyenera, zonyamula zokhala ndi chilolezo zimatha kuchotsedwa polumikiza mayendedwewo, bola ngati sakhala opunduka kapena dzimbiri chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mopitilira muyeso ndikukhazikika pazigawo zofananira. Kuphatikizika koyenera kwa ma bearings pansi pazikhalidwe zosokoneza ndiko kufunikira kwaukadaulo wa disassembly. Kukhala ndi kusokoneza koyenera kumagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: kusokoneza kwa mphete yamkati ndi kusokoneza kwa mphete yakunja. M’ndime zotsatirazi, tikambirana mitundu iwiriyi payokha.
1. Kusokoneza kwa mphete yamkati ya kunyamula ndi chilolezo cha mphete yakunja
1. Shaft yozungulira
Kubereka disassembly kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera. Chokoka nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono. Zokoka izi zimabwera m'mitundu iwiri - zikhadabo ziwiri ndi zikhadabo zitatu, zonse zomwe zimatha kukhala ulusi kapena hydraulic.
Chida chodziwika bwino ndi chokoka ulusi, chomwe chimagwira ntchito pogwirizanitsa wononga pakati ndi bowo lapakati la shaft, kuyika mafuta pabowo lapakati la shaft, ndiyeno kumangirira mbedza kumapeto kwa mphete yamkati ya chimbalangondocho. Chingwecho chikakhazikika, wrench imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza ndodo yapakati, yomwe imakoka chingwecho.
Kumbali ina, chokoka cha hydraulic chimagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cha hydraulic m'malo mwa ulusi. Akapanikizidwa, pisitoni yomwe ili pakati imafalikira, ndipo kunyamula kumatulutsidwa mosalekeza. Ndiwothamanga kuposa chokoka ulusi wamba, ndipo chipangizo cha hydraulic chimatha kubwereranso mwachangu.
Nthawi zina, palibe danga la zikhadabo za chokoka chikhalidwe pakati pa mapeto a mphete ya mkati ya kubala ndi zigawo zina. Zikatero, plint yokhala ndi magawo awiri ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mutha kusankha kukula koyenera kwa splint ndikuyigawa padera pogwiritsa ntchito kukakamiza. Mbali za plywood zimatha kukhala zocheperako kuti zitha kulowa m'malo opapatiza.
Pamene gulu lalikulu la mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono likufunika kupasuka, chipangizo cha hydraulic chofulumira-disassembly chingagwiritsidwe ntchito (monga momwe tawonetsera pansipa).
▲ Fulutsani mwachangu chipangizo cha hydraulic
Pakuwonongeka kwa ma bearings ophatikizika pama axles agalimoto ya njanji, palinso zida zapadera zosinthira mafoni.
▲ Chipangizo cham'manja cha disassembly
Ngati kukula kwa chimbalangondo ndi chachikulu, ndiye kuti mphamvu yochulukirapo idzafunika kuti iwonongeke. Zikatero, zokoka wamba sizigwira ntchito, ndipo wina adzafunika kupanga zida zapadera zophatikizira. Kuti muyerekeze mphamvu yochepera yofunikira pakuwonongeka, mutha kulozera ku mphamvu yoyika yofunikira kuti mugonjetse kusokoneza. Fomula yowerengera ili motere:
F=0.5 *π *u*W*δ* E*(1-(d/d0)2)
F = Mphamvu (N)
μ = kukangana pakati pa mphete yamkati ndi shaft, nthawi zambiri mozungulira 0.2
W = m'lifupi mphete yamkati (m)
δ = kusokoneza (m)
E = Young's modulus 2.07×1011 (Pa)
d = kukhala ndi m'mimba mwake (mm)
d0=m'mimba mwake wapakati wa msewu wakunja wa mphete yamkati (mm)
π= 3.14
Pamene mphamvu yofunikira kusokoneza bere ndi yaikulu kwambiri kwa njira wamba ndi zoopsa zowononga katundu, bowo la mafuta nthawi zambiri limapangidwa kumapeto kwa shaft. Bowo lamafuta ili limafikira pamalo onyamulira kenako ndikulowa pamtunda wa shaft mozungulira. Mtsinje wa annular umawonjezeredwa, ndipo pampu ya hydraulic imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukakamiza kumapeto kwa shaft kuti ikulitse mphete yamkati panthawi ya disassembly, kuchepetsa mphamvu yofunikira kuti iwonongeke.
Ngati chonyamuliracho ndi chachikulu kwambiri kuti chisasokonezedwe ndi kukoka kosavuta kolimba, ndiye kuti njira yotenthetsera disassembly iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kwa njirayi, zida zonse monga ma jacks, ma gauges a kutalika, zofalitsa, ndi zina zotero, ziyenera kukonzekera kugwira ntchito. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kutenthetsa koyilo molunjika panjira yothamanga ya mphete yamkati kuti ikulilitse, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kusokoneza chonyamuliracho. Njira yowotchera yomweyi itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga ma cylindrical bearings okhala ndi odzigudubuza olekanitsidwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, chimbalangondocho chimatha kutha popanda kuwononga.
▲Njira yoyatsira moto
2. Shaft yojambulidwa
Pochotsa chingwe cha tapered, mbali yaikulu ya mapeto a mphete yamkati iyenera kutenthedwa chifukwa malo ake ndi aakulu kwambiri kuposa mbali ina. Chotenthetsera chosinthika cha coil medium frequency induction heater chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutenthetsa mphete yamkati mwachangu, ndikupanga kusiyana kwa kutentha ndi shaft ndikulola kuti disassembly. Monga mayendedwe a tapered amagwiritsidwa ntchito pawiri, mutatha kuchotsa mphete imodzi yamkati, ina idzawonekeratu kutentha. Ngati mapeto aakulu sangathe kutenthedwa, khola liyenera kuwonongedwa, zodzigudubuza zichotsedwe, ndipo thupi lamkati lamkati likuwonekera. Koyiloyo imatha kuyikidwa mwachindunji pamseu wothamanga wowotchera.
▲ chowotchera chosinthika chapakati chapakati pafupipafupi
Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa chotenthetsera sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri 120 Celsius chifukwa kunyamula disassembly kumafuna kusiyana kofulumira kwa kutentha ndi ntchito, osati kutentha. Ngati kutentha kozungulira kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, kusokoneza kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, ndipo kusiyana kwa kutentha sikukwanira, ayezi wouma (olimba carbon dioxide) angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yothandizira. Madzi oundana owuma amatha kuikidwa pakhoma lamkati la shaft kuti muchepetse kutentha kwa shaft (nthawi zambiri zazikuluzikuluzi).magawo a cnc), potero kuwonjezera kusiyana kwa kutentha.
Pakuti disassembly wa tapered anaboola mayendedwe, musati kuchotsa kwathunthu clamping nati kapena makina kumapeto kwa kutsinde pamaso disassembly. Ingomasulani kuti mupewe ngozi zakugwa.
Kuphatikizika kwa ma shafts akulu akulu amafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mabowo ophatikizika amafuta. Kutenga mphero yogubuduza ya mizere inayi ya tapered TQIT yokhala ndi tapered bore mwachitsanzo, mphete yamkati yamtunduwu imagawidwa m'magawo atatu: mphete ziwiri za mzere umodzi wamkati ndi mphete yamkati iwiri pakati. Pali mabowo atatu amafuta kumapeto kwa mpukutuwo, olingana ndi chizindikiro 1 ndi 2,3, pomwe amodzi amafanana ndi mphete yamkati yakunja, awiri amafanana ndi mphete yamkati yapakati, ndipo atatu amafanana ndi mphete yamkati ndi mphete yamkati. chachikulu kwambiri. Mukatha kugawa, phatikizani motsatizana ndi manambala angapo ndikukakamiza mabowo 1, 2, ndi 3 motsatana. Zonse zikamalizidwa, pamene kunyamula kungakwezedwe pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto, chotsani mphete ya hinge kumapeto kwa shaft ndi kusokoneza kunyamula.
Ngati chigawocho chiyenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pambuyo pa disassembly, mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya disassembly siziyenera kufalitsidwa kudzera muzinthu zogubuduza. Kwa mayendedwe olekanitsidwa, mphete yonyamula, pamodzi ndi gulu lozungulira la khola, limatha kusweka mosiyana ndi mphete ina. Mukachotsa ma bere osagawanika, choyamba muyenera kuchotsa mphete zokhala ndi chilolezo. Kuti musungunuke ma bere okhala ndi zosokoneza, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wawo, kukula kwake, ndi njira yoyenera.
Disassembly wa zimbalangondo wokwera cylindrical shaft awiri
Cold disassembly
Chithunzi 1
Pochotsa zinyalala zing'onozing'ono, mphete yonyamula imatha kuchotsedwa pamtengowo pogogoda pambali ya mpheteyo pang'onopang'ono ndi nkhonya yoyenera kapena chokoka makina (Chithunzi 1). Kugwira kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku mphete yamkati kapena zigawo zoyandikana nazo. Ngati phewa la shaft ndi phewa lokhala ndi nyumba zimaperekedwa ndi ma grooves kuti agwirizane ndi chokoka, njira yophatikizira imatha kukhala yosavuta. Kuphatikiza apo, mabowo ena opangidwa ndi ulusi amapangidwa pamapewa a dzenje kuti athandizire mabawuti kukankhira mabere. (Chithunzi 2).
Chithunzi 2
Zonyamula zazikulu ndi zapakati nthawi zambiri zimafuna mphamvu zambiri kuposa momwe zida zamakina zingaperekere. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi zamagetsi kapena njira zojambulira mafuta, kapena zonse pamodzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti shaft iyenera kupangidwa ndi mabowo amafuta ndi ma grooves amafuta (Chithunzi 3).
chithunzi 3
Hot disassembly
Pochotsa mphete yamkati ya singano zodzigudubuza kapena NU, NJ, ndi NUP cylindrical roller bearings, njira yotentha yotentha ndiyoyenera. Pali zida ziwiri zotenthetsera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri: mphete zotenthetsera ndi zotenthetsera zosinthika.
Mphete zowotchera nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika ndi kusokoneza mphete zamkati za mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati amtundu wofanana. Mphete yotenthetsera imapangidwa ndi aloyi wopepuka ndipo imayikidwa mozungulira. Ilinso ndi chogwirira chamagetsi. (Mkuyu 4).
Chithunzi 4
Ngati mphete zamkati zokhala ndi ma diameter osiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri zimapasuka, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito chotenthetsera chosinthika. Zotenthetsera izi (Chithunzi 5) mwachangu kutentha mphete yamkati popanda kutenthetsa shaft. Pochotsa mphete zamkati za mayendedwe akuluakulu a cylindrical roller, ma heaters ena apadera okhazikika angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Chithunzi 5
Kuchotsa mayendedwe okwera pamadiameter a conical shaft
Kuti muchotse ma bere ang'onoang'ono, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chokoka chamakina kapena hydraulically kuti mukoke mphete yamkati. Ena amakoka amabwera ndi manja ogwiritsidwa ntchito masika omwe ali ndi mapangidwe odzipangira okha kuti achepetse njirayi ndikupewa kuwonongeka kwa magazini. Pamene chikwapu chokokera sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mphete yamkati, chotengeracho chiyenera kuchotsedwa kudzera mu mphete yakunja kapena pogwiritsa ntchito chokoka pamodzi ndi chokokera. (Chithunzi 6).
Chithunzi 6
Mukachotsa ma bere apakati ndi akulu, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yojambulira mafuta kumatha kuonjezera chitetezo ndikufewetsa ndondomekoyi. Njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo kubaya mafuta a hydraulic pakati pa malo awiri okwerera, pogwiritsa ntchito mabowo amafuta ndi ma grooves, mopanikizika kwambiri. Izi zimachepetsa kukangana pakati pa malo awiriwa, kupanga mphamvu ya axial yomwe imalekanitsa chigawo ndi shaft diameter.
Chotsani chonyamulira ku malaya a adaputala.
Pazinyalala zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimayikidwa pazitsulo zowongoka ndi manja a adaputala, mungagwiritse ntchito nyundo kuti mugwetse chipika chaching'ono chachitsulo mofanana kumapeto kwa mphete yamkati kuti muchotse (Chithunzi 7). Izi zisanachitike, mtedza wokhoma wa adaputala uyenera kumasulidwa kangapo.
Chithunzi 7
Pazinyalala zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimayikidwa pamiyendo ya adaputala yokhala ndi zitsulo zoponderezedwa, zimatha kupasuka pogwiritsa ntchito nyundo kuti mugwire mbali yaing'ono ya chikhomo cha adaputala pogwiritsa ntchito manja apadera (Chithunzi 8). Izi zisanachitike, mtedza wokhoma wa adaputala uyenera kumasulidwa kangapo.
Chithunzi 8
Pazinyalala zomwe zimayikidwa pamiyendo ya adaputala yokhala ndi ma shaft opondapo, kugwiritsa ntchito mtedza wa hydraulic kumapangitsa kuchotsa mosavuta. Pachifukwa ichi, chipangizo choyimitsa choyenera chiyenera kuikidwa pafupi ndi pistoni ya hydraulic nut (Chithunzi 9). Njira yodzaza mafuta ndi njira yosavuta, koma malaya a adapter okhala ndi mabowo amafuta ndi ma groove amafuta ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chithunzi 9
Gwirani chingwe chochotsa pamanja
Mukachotsa chonyamula pamanja ochotsa, chipangizo chotsekera chiyenera kuchotsedwa. (Monga mtedza wotseka, mbale zomaliza, ndi zina zotero)
Kwa ma bere ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, mtedza wokhoma, ma wrenches a mbedza kapena ma wrench okhudzidwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusokoneza (Chithunzi 10).
Chithunzi 10
Ngati mukufuna kuchotsa zitsulo zapakati ndi zazikulu zomwe zimayikidwa pamanja, mungagwiritse ntchito mtedza wa hydraulic kuti muchotse mosavuta. Komabe, zimalimbikitsidwa kwambiri kukhazikitsa chipangizo choyimitsa kumbuyo kwa nati ya hydraulic kumapeto kwa shaft (monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 11). Chipangizo choyimitsa ichi chidzalepheretsa kuti chotchinga ndi nati ya hydraulic zisawuluke kuchokera patsinde mwadzidzidzi, ngati mkono wochotsa usiyanitsidwa ndi momwe ukukwerera.
Chithunzi 11 Tingshaft yonyamula
2. Kusokoneza kokwanira kwa kubala mphete yakunja
Ngati mphete yakunja ya bereti ili ndi kusokoneza, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti mphete yakunja ya phewa si yaying'ono kuposa m'mimba mwake yomwe imafunidwa ndi berelo musanagwetse. Kuti mutsegule mphete yakunja, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chida chojambulira chomwe chikuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi.
Ngati mphete yakunja ya phewa la mapulogalamu ena imafuna kulumikizidwa kwathunthu, njira ziwiri zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa panthawi yopanga:
• Mabokosi awiri kapena atatu atha kusungidwa pamasitepe a mpando wonyamulira kuti zikhadabo zokoka zikhale ndi mfundo yolimba kuti zitheke mosavuta.
• Pangani mabowo anayi opangidwa ndi ulusi kumbuyo kwa mpando wonyamula kuti mufike kumapeto kwa nkhope. Amatha kusindikizidwa ndi ma plug screw nthawi wamba. Mukachotsa, m'malo mwake ndi zomangira zazitali. Limbani zitsulo zazitali kuti pang'onopang'ono mutulutse mphete yakunja.
Ngati kunyamula kuli kwakukulu kapena kusokoneza kuli kofunikira, njira yowotchera yosinthika ya coil ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusokoneza. Izi zimachitika kudzera m'mimba mwake wakunja kwa bokosi lotentha. Kunja kwa bokosi kumayenera kukhala kosalala komanso kokhazikika kuti zisatenthedwe m'deralo. Mzere wapakati wa bokosilo uyenera kukhala wokhazikika pansi, ndipo ngati pakufunika, jack ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthandiza.
Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndizofotokozera mwachidule njira zowonongeka zogwirira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Popeza pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma bearings omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, njira zophatikizira ndi njira zodzitetezera zimatha kusiyanasiyana. Ngati muli ndi zofunika zinazake, chonde khalani omasuka kufunsa a Dimond Rolling Mill Bearing Engineering Technical Team. Tidzagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chathu ndi luso lathu kuthana ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana kwa inu. Potsatira njira yoyenera yopangira disassembly, mutha kusamalira bwino ndikuwongolera ma bere ndikuwongolera zida zogwirira ntchito.
Ku Anebon, timakhulupirira kwambiri "Kasitomala Woyamba, Wapamwamba Nthawizonse". Ndi zaka zopitilira 12 mumakampani, takhala tikugwira ntchito limodzi ndi makasitomala athu kuti tiwapatse ntchito zabwino komanso zapadera za CNC mphero yaing'ono,CNC makina a aluminiyamu zigawo,ndizigawo zoponya kufa. Timanyadira makina athu othandizira othandizira omwe amaonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino komanso zotsika mtengo. Tathetsanso ogulitsa omwe ali ndi khalidwe loipa, ndipo tsopano mafakitale angapo a OEM agwirizana nafenso.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-06-2024