Kufunika kwa chithandizo chachitsulo pamwamba:
Kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri: Kuchiza pamwamba pazitsulo kumatha kuwateteza ku dzimbiri, popanga chotchinga chomwe chimalekanitsa chitsulo ndi chilengedwe. Zimawonjezera moyo wazinthu zachitsulo ndi zigawo zake. Limbikitsani kukongola - Njira zopangira zitsulo zachitsulo monga plating, zokutira, ndi kupukuta zimatha kusintha mawonekedwe achitsulo.
Ndikofunikira kulingalira izi pazomangamanga kapena ogula zinthu komwe kukongola kumakhala ndi gawo lalikulu. Thandizo lapamtunda monga chithandizo cha kutentha, nitriding kapena kuumitsa kumawonjezera kulimba kwachitsulo ndi kusagwira ntchito, kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera pamagwiritsidwe ntchito omwe amakhudzana ndi kugunda, kuvala kapena zovuta zogwirira ntchito.
Zochizira zam'mwamba monga sandblasting ndi etching zimatha kupanga mawonekedwe owoneka bwino omwe amathandizira kumamatira ku utoto, zomatira ndi zokutira. Izi zimathandizira kulumikizana, ndikuchepetsa mwayi wa peeling kapena delamination. Kupititsa patsogolo zomangira: Chithandizo chapamwamba chazitsulo, monga kugwiritsa ntchito zoyambira kapena zomata, zitha kuthandiza kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa zitsulo ndi zinthu zina monga kompositi kapena mapulasitiki. M'mafakitale monga magalimoto ndi ndege, nyumba zosakanizidwa ndizofala kwambiri. Kuyeretsa kosavuta: Mankhwala opangira zitsulo monga zoletsa kusindikiza zala kapena zomaliza zosavuta kuyeretsa zimatha kupangitsa kuti zitsulo zikhale zoyera komanso zosavuta kuzisamalira. Izi zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa khama ndi zinthu zofunika pakukonza.
Electroplating ndi anodizing ndi mankhwala apamtunda omwe amatha kukulitsa chitsulo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zogwira mtima pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira ma conductivity abwino monga zida zamagetsi. Kukhazikika kwa brazing ndi kuwotcherera kumatheka ndi njira zina zochizira pamwamba monga kuyeretsa, kuchotsa zigawo za oxide kapena mankhwala ena apamtunda. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba komanso zodalirika zazitsulo kapena zigawo zake.
Zochizira zachitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale azachipatala ndi azaumoyo kuti awonjezere biocompatibility. Amachepetsa mwayi wotsutsana kapena kukanidwa ndi thupi pamene zitsulo zazitsulo zimagwirizana. Kusintha mwamakonda ndi kuyika chizindikiro ndizotheka: Zomaliza zachitsulo zimapereka zosankha mwamakonda, monga embossing, chosema kapena chizindikiro. Zosintha izi ndizofunikira pakusiyanitsa, kusintha makonda, kapena kuyika chizindikiro.
1. Anodizing
Pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo za electrochemical, anodizing aluminium ndi njira yomwe imapanga filimu ya Al2O3 (aluminium dioxide) pamwamba. Filimu ya oxide iyi imadziwika ndi zinthu zapadera, monga kutchinjiriza, chitetezo, zokongoletsera ndi kukana kuvala.
Njira kuyenda
Mtundu umodzi, mtundu wa gradient: kupukuta / sandblasting / kujambula - kuchotsa mafuta - anodizing - neutralizing - utoto - kusindikiza - kuyanika
Mitundu iwiri:
1 Kupukutira/kupukutira mchenga/kujambula - kuchotsa mafuta – kusisita – anodizing 1 – anodizing 2 – kusindikiza – kuyanika.
2 Kupukuta/kupukutira mchenga/kujambula - kuchotsa mafuta - anodizing 1 - kujambula kwa laser - anodizing 2 - kusindikiza - kuyanika
Mawonekedwe:
1. Kulimbitsa minofu yanu
2. Mtundu uliwonse koma woyera
3. Zisindikizo zopanda Nickel ndizofunikira ku Ulaya, United States, ndi mayiko ena.
Zovuta zaukadaulo ndi madera oyenera kukonza:
Mtengo wa anodizing umadalira zokolola za ndondomekoyi. Kuti awonjezere zokolola za anodizing, opanga ayenera kufufuza mlingo wabwino kwambiri, kutentha, ndi kachulukidwe kameneka. Nthawi zonse timayang'ana zopambana. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mutsatire akaunti ya Twitter ya "Mechanical Engineer" mwachangu momwe mungathere kuti mudziwe zambiri zamakampaniwo.
Zopangira zovomerezeka: Zogwirizira za E + G zopindika, zopangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zokhala ndi anodized, zomwe ndizogwirizana ndi chilengedwe komanso zolimba.
2. Electrophoresis
Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzitsulo za aluminiyamu ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kuti zinthu ziziwoneka zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kukhalabe ndi zitsulo zonyezimira komanso kukonza zinthu zapamwamba.
Njira yotuluka: Pretreatment - Electrophoresis ndi Kuyanika
Ubwino:
1. Mitundu yolemera
2. Palibe kapangidwe kachitsulo. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sandblasting ndi kupukuta. ;
3. Chithandizo chapamwamba chingapezeke mwa kukonza mumadzimadzi.
4. Zipangizo zamakono zakhwima ndipo zimapangidwa mochuluka.
Electrophoresis ndiyofunikirazigawo zoponya kufa, zomwe zimafuna zofunika kwambiri processing.
3. Micro-arc oxidation
Imeneyi ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi apamwamba ku electrolyte yofooka ya acidic kuti apange ceramic pamwamba wosanjikiza. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha synergistic zotsatira za electrochemical oxidation ndi kutulutsa thupi.
Njira yoyenda: Chithandizo chisanachitike - kutsuka madzi otentha - MAO - kuyanika
Ubwino:
1. Maonekedwe a Ceramic okhala ndi mapeto osawoneka bwino, opanda gloss apamwamba, ndi kukhudza kosakhwima ndi zotsutsana ndi zala.
2. Al, Ti ndi zipangizo zina zoyambira monga Zn, Zr Mg, Nb etc.;
3. Pre-mankhwala a mankhwala ndi zosavuta. Ili ndi kukana bwino kwa dzimbiri komanso kukana nyengo.
Mitundu yomwe ilipo pakadali pano imangokhala yakuda, imvi ndi mithunzi ina yosalowerera. Mitundu yowala imakhala yovuta kukwaniritsa pakadali pano, popeza ukadaulo umakhala wokhwima. Mtengo umakhudzidwa makamaka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwambiri ndipo ndi imodzi mwamankhwala okwera mtengo kwambiri padziko lapansi.
4. PVD vacuum plating
Physical vapor deposition ndi dzina lathunthu la njira yopangira mafakitale yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito njira zakuthupi kuyika filimu yopyapyala.
Njira kuyenda: Kuyeretsa kusanachitike PVD - Kutsuka m'ng'anjo - Kuchapira chandamale ndi kuyeretsa ion - Kupaka - Kutha kwa zokutira, kuziziritsa, ndi kutulutsa - Post-processing, (kupukuta, AAFP) Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mutsatire akaunti yovomerezeka ya "Mechanical Engineer's" posachedwa chidziwitso chamakampani ndi chidziwitso.
Mawonekedwe:PVD itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuvala zitsulo pamalo olimba kwambiri komanso olimba a cermet.
5. Electroplating
Tekinoloje iyi imayika filimu yopyapyala yachitsulo pamwamba pachitsulo kuti ipititse patsogolo kukana kwa dzimbiri, kukana kuvala, kuwongolera komanso kuwunikira. Imawonjezeranso kukongola.
Kuthamanga kwanjira: Kukonzekera - Kukonzekera - Mkuwa wopanda cyanide - Cupronickel Tin wopanda cyanide - Chromium plating
Ubwino:
1. Chophimbacho chimakhala chonyezimira kwambiri komanso chachitsulo.
2. SUS, Al Zn Mg etc. ndi zipangizo zoyambira. Mtengo wa PVD ndi wocheperako kuposa wa SUS.
Kusatetezedwa bwino kwa chilengedwe komanso kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo cha kuipitsa.
6. Kupopera ufa
Zovala zaufa zimapopera pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito ndi makina opopera a electrostatic. Ufawu ndi wofanana adsorbent pamwamba kupanga zokutira. The lathyathyathya amachiritsa malaya omaliza ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana (mitundu yosiyanasiyana ❖ kuyanika zotsatira).
Njira yoyenda:kutsegula-electrostatic fumbi kuchotsa-kupopera-otsika kutentha mlingo mlingo-kuphika
Ubwino:
1. Kuwala kwakukulu kapena kutsirizika kwa matte;
2. Zotsika mtengo, zabwino kwa mipando ndi zipolopolo za radiator. ;
3. Kusamalira zachilengedwe, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito 100%;
4. Ikhoza kubisa zolakwika bwino; 5. Kodi kutsanzira matabwa njere kwenikweni.
Pakali pano amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pazinthu zamagetsi.
7. Chojambula chachitsulo chachitsulo
Iyi ndi njira yochizira pamwamba pomwe zinthu zogaya zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mizere pamtunda wa workpiece kuti akwaniritse mawonekedwe okongoletsa. Zitha kugawidwa m'mitundu inayi kutengera kapangidwe kachojambula: chojambula chambewu chowongoka (chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chimango chachisawawa), chimanga chamalata ndi chimanga chozungulira.
Mawonekedwe:Kupaka burashi kumatha kutulutsa chitsulo chonyezimira chomwe sichimawonetsa. Kupukuta kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuchotsa zolakwika zosawoneka bwino pazitsulo.
Malingaliro azinthu: Chigwiriro cha LAMP chokhala ndi mankhwala a Zwei L. Ukadaulo wabwino kwambiri wogaya womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira kukoma.
8. Kuphulika kwa mchenga
Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya woponderezedwa kuti ipange mtanda wothamanga kwambiri wa zinthu zopopera zomwe zimapopera pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito mothamanga kwambiri. Izi zimasintha mawonekedwe kapena maonekedwe a kunja, komanso mlingo wa ukhondo. .
Mawonekedwe:
1. Mutha kukwaniritsa matte kapena zowunikira zosiyanasiyana.
2. Ikhoza kuchotsa ma burrs kuchokera pamwamba ndikuwongolera pamwamba, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa burrs.
3. Chojambulacho chidzakhala chokongola kwambiri, chifukwa chidzakhala ndi mtundu wofanana komanso wosalala. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mutsatire akaunti yovomerezeka ya "Mechanical Engineer" mwachangu momwe mungathere kuti mudziwe zambiri komanso zambiri zamakampani.
Malingaliro azinthu: E+G Classic Bridge Handle, Sandblasted Surface, High-End ndi Classy.
9. Kupukutira
Kusintha kwa pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito chida chosinthira chopukutira ndi abrasive kapena sing'anga yopukutira. Kusankhidwa kwa gudumu lopukuta bwino la njira zosiyanasiyana zopukutira, monga kupukuta movutikira kapena kupukuta koyambira, kupukuta kwapakatikati kapena kutsirizitsa ndi kupukuta bwino / glazing kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kupukuta ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino.
Njira yoyenda:
Mawonekedwe:Chojambulacho chikhoza kupangidwa molondola kwambiri malinga ndi kukula kwake kapena mawonekedwe ake, kapena chikhoza kukhala ndi galasi ngati galasi. N'zothekanso kuthetsa gloss.
Malingaliro azinthu: E + G chogwirira chachitali, chopukutidwa. Zosavuta komanso zokongola
10. Kuwotcha
Amatchedwanso photochemical etching. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa gawo loteteza kudera lomwe lidzakhazikitsidwe, pogwiritsa ntchito mbale zowonekera ndi njira yachitukuko, ndikulumikizana ndi njira yamankhwala kuti asungunuke dzimbiri.
Njira kuyenda
Njira yowonetsera: Pulojekitiyi imakonzekera zinthu molingana ndi kujambula - kukonza zinthu - kuyeretsa zinthu - kuyanika - filimu kapena kuyanika zokutira - kuyanika kwachitukuko - etching _ stripping - OK
Kusindikiza pazenera: kudula, kuyeretsa mbale (zopanda zosapanga dzimbiri ndi zitsulo zina), kusindikiza pazenera, etching, kuvula.
Ubwino:
1. Fine processing zitsulo pamwamba ndi zotheka.
2. Perekani pamwamba pazitsulo mphamvu yapadera
Zakumwa zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira ma acid (ma acid, alkalis, etc.), ndizowononga chilengedwe. Etching Chemicals ndi yowopsa kwa chilengedwe.
Kufunika kwa chitsulo kuzimitsa:
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Kuzimitsa kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuziziritsa chitsulo mwachangu kuti ufike pamlingo womwe umafunikira. Zochita zamakina zachitsulo zimatha kusinthidwa ndendende ndikuwongolera kuzizira. Chitsulocho chikhoza kukhala cholimba komanso chokhazikika pozimitsa, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera kwa mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira mphamvu zambiri komanso kupirira.
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Kulimbitsa: Kuzimitsa kumawonjezera mphamvu yachitsulo posintha microstructure. Mwachitsanzo, martensite amapangidwa muzitsulo. Izi zimathandizira kunyamula katundu wachitsulo komanso magwiridwe antchito amakina.
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Kupititsa patsogolo kulimba. Kuzimitsa ndi kutenthetsa kungapangitse kulimba mwa kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwamkati. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pazogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zitsulo zimakumana nazo mwadzidzidzi kapena kukhudzidwa.
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Kuwongolera kukula kwambewu. Kuzimitsa kumatha kukhudza kukula ndi kapangidwe ka tirigu muzitsulo. Kuzizira kofulumira kumatha kulimbikitsa kupanga mapangidwe abwino, omwe amatha kusintha makina azitsulo, monga mphamvu yowonjezera komanso kutopa.
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Kuzimitsa ndi njira yowongolera kusintha kwa gawo. Izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa magawo ena azitsulo monga kupondereza ma precipitates osafunikira kapena kukwaniritsa ma microstructures omwe amafunidwa pazinthu zinazake.
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Kuzimitsa kumachepetsa kupotoza ndi kupindika panthawi ya kutentha. Chiwopsezo chosokonekera kapena kusintha mawonekedwe amatha kuchepetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kuziziritsa kofanana ndi kuwongolera. Izi zidzatsimikizira kukhulupirika ndi kulondola kwamwatsatanetsatane mbali zitsulo.
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Kuteteza pamwamba: Kuzimitsa kumathandizira kusunga mawonekedwe kapena mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna. Chiwopsezo cha kusinthika kwamtundu, okosijeni kapena makulitsidwe amatha kuchepetsedwa pochepetsa kutentha kwanthawi yayitali.
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Kuzimitsa kumawonjezera kukana kuvala powonjezera kuuma ndi mphamvu zachitsulo. Chitsulocho chimakhala cholimba kwambiri kuti chisawonongeke, chizimbirira, komanso kutopa.
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Kodi kuzimitsa ndi chiyani?
Chithandizo cha kutentha chotchedwa quenching chimaphatikizapo kutenthetsa chitsulo pamwamba pa kutentha kwakukulu kwa nthawi ndi kuziziritsa mofulumira kusiyana ndi kuzizira koopsa kuti apange dongosolo losalinganizika ndi martensite dominating (bainite, kapena single-phase austinit ikhoza kupangidwa ngati ikufunikira). Njira yodziwika kwambiri yochizira kutentha kwachitsulo ndikuzimitsa.
Chithandizo cha kutentha kwachitsulo chimatengera njira zinayi zazikulu: normalizing, annealing ndi quenching.
Kuzimitsa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa ludzu la nyama.
Chitsulocho chimasinthidwa kuchoka ku supercooled austenite kupita ku martensite, kapena bainite, kupanga martensite, kapena bainite, kapangidwe. Izi zimaphatikizidwa ndi kutentha, pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana, kupititsa patsogolo kuuma kwake, kuuma kwake ndi kukana kuvala. Kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zamakina osiyanasiyana ndi zida, mphamvu ndi kulimba zimafunikira. Kuzimitsa kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito kukonza zinthu zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala, monga corrosion resistance ndi ferromagnetism, zazitsulo zapadera.
The ndondomeko kutentha kuchitira zitsulo mmene workpiece ndi usavutike mtima kwa kutentha kwapadera, anakhalabe kwa nthawi kenako kumizidwa mu quenching TV kuti mofulumira kuzirala. Njira zozimitsa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo mafuta amchere, madzi, brine ndi mpweya. Kuzimitsa kumawonjezera kuuma komanso kukana kuvala kwa zigawo zachitsulo. Chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zosiyanasiyana, nkhungu ndi zida zoyezera komansomagawo a cnc Machining(magiya oterowo, mipukutu ndi ma carburized) omwe amafunikira kukana kumtunda. Kuphatikiza kuzimitsa ndi kutentha kungapangitse kulimba, kukana kutopa, ndi mphamvu yazitsulo.
Kuzimitsa kumathandizanso kuti zitsulo zikhale ndi zinthu zina zakuthupi ndi zakuthupi. Kuzimitsa, mwachitsanzo, kumatha kukonza kukana kwa dzimbiri ndi ferromagnetism muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Kuzima kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zachitsulo. Ngati zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimatenthedwa kutentha pamwamba pa malo ovuta, zidzasintha kukhala austenite. Chitsulocho chikamizidwa m’mafuta kapena m’madzi, chimazirala mofulumira. Kenako austenite imasandulika kukhala martensite. Martensite ndiye cholimba kwambiri muzitsulo. Kuzizira kofulumira komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kuzimitsidwa kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kupsinjika kwamkati mu workpiece. Ikafika pamalo enaake, chogwiriracho chikhoza kukhala chopunduka, chosweka, kapena kupotozedwa. Izi zimafuna kusankha njira yoyenera yozizira. Njira yozimitsa imatha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi osiyanasiyana kutengera njira yozizira: madzi amodzi, sing'anga wapawiri, martensite graded, ndi bainite thermal quenching.
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Njira yochotsera
Single sing'anga kuzimitsa
Chogwiritsira ntchito chimazizira mumadzimadzi, monga madzi kapena mafuta. Kuchita kosavuta, kuphweka kwa makina ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu ndi ubwino wake. Kuipa kwa kuzimitsa ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu ndi kusinthika kosavuta ndi kusweka komwe kumachitika pamene workpiece yazimitsidwa m'madzi. Kuzimitsa ndi mafuta, kuziziritsa kumakhala pang'onopang'ono ndipo kukula kwa kuzimitsa kumakhala kochepa. Zida zazikulu zogwirira ntchito zimakhala zovuta kuzimitsa.
Wapawiri sing'anga kuzimitsa
Ndizotheka kuzimitsa mawonekedwe ovuta kapena magawo osagwirizana poyambira kuziziritsa chogwirira ntchito mpaka 300degC pogwiritsa ntchito sing'anga yomwe ili ndi kuzizira kwambiri. Kenako, workpiece akhoza utakhazikika kachiwiri mu sing'anga otsika kuzirala mphamvu. Kuzimitsa kwamadzi kawiri kuli ndi vuto lomwe ndizovuta kuwongolera. Kuzimitsa sikungakhale kovuta ngati musintha madziwo posachedwa, koma mukasintha mochedwa, chitsulocho chimang'ambika ndikuzimitsidwa. Kuti athetse kufooka uku, njira yochepetsera pang'onopang'ono yapangidwa.
Pang'onopang'ono kuzimitsa
Zida zogwirira ntchito zimazimitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito madzi osambira amchere kapena alkali osambira pa kutentha kochepa. Kutentha kwa alkali kapena madzi osambira amchere kuli pafupi ndi malo a Ms. Pambuyo pa 2 mpaka 5 min, workpiece imachotsedwa ndikuzizidwa ndi mpweya. Njira yozizira imeneyi imadziwika kuti graded quenching. Pang'onopang'ono kuziziritsa workpiece ndi njira uniformize kutentha mkati ndi kunja. Izi zitha kuchepetsa kupsinjika kozimitsa, kupewa kusweka, komanso kupangitsa kuti ikhale yofanana.
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Poyamba, kutentha kwamagulu kunakhazikitsidwa pang'ono kuposa Ms. Malo a martensite amafikira pamene kutentha kwa workpiece ndi mpweya wozungulira ndi yunifolomu. Kalasiyi imakonzedwanso pa kutentha pang'ono pansi pa kutentha kwa Ms. M'zochita zake, zapezeka kuti kuyika pamatenthedwe ocheperako pang'ono kutentha kwa Ms kumatulutsa zotsatira zabwinoko. Ndizofala kuyika nkhungu zapamwamba za zitsulo za carbon mu njira ya alkali pa 160degC. Izi zimawathandiza kukhala opunduka komanso owumitsidwa ndi mapindikidwe ochepa.
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Kuzimitsa kwa Isothermal
Kusamba mchere ntchito kuzimitsa workpiece. Kutentha kwa madzi osambira amchere ndikokwera pang'ono kuposa Ms (m'munsi mwa bainite zone). Chogwiritsira ntchito chimasungidwa mwachisawawa mpaka bainite itatha ndiyeno imachotsedwa kuti mpweya uzizizira. Kwa zitsulo pamwamba pa kaboni wapakati, kuzimitsa kwa isothermal kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa bainite ndikuwongolera mphamvu, kulimba kwamphamvu, komanso kukana kuvala. Austempering sagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zotsika za carbon.
Kuwumitsa pamwamba
Kuzimitsa pamwamba, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kuzimitsa pang'ono, ndi njira yozimitsa yomwe imangozimitsa gawo lapamwamba pazigawo zachitsulo. Mbali yaikulu imakhalabe yosakhudzidwa. Kuzimitsa pamwamba kumaphatikizapo kutentha kofulumira kubweretsa kutentha kwa pamwamba kwa gawo lolimba kuti lizimitse kutentha. Pamwamba pake amazizidwa nthawi yomweyo kuti kutentha kusalowe mkati mwa workpiece.
induction kuumitsa
Kutentha kwa induction ndi njira yowotchera yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma electromagnetic induction.
Han Kuyi
Gwiritsani ntchito madzi oundana ngati malo ozizira.
Kuzimitsa pang'ono
Zigawo zowumitsa zokha za workpiece ndizozimitsidwa.
Kuzimitsa mpweya
Imatanthawuza makamaka kutenthetsa ndi kuzimitsa kwa mpweya wosalowerera ndi wosalowererapo pansi pa zitsenderezo zoipa, kukakamizidwa kwabwinobwino kapena kupanikizika kwakukulu mumipweya yothamanga kwambiri.
Kuwumitsa pamwamba
Kuzimitsa komwe kumangochitika pamwamba pa workpiece. Izi zikuphatikiza kuzimitsa induction (kuwotcha kukana kukhudzana), kuzimitsa lawi (kuzimitsa laser), kuzimitsa mtengo wa ma elekitironi (kuzimitsa kwa laser), ndi zina zambiri.
Kuzimitsa mpweya
Kuzimitsa kuzimitsa kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya woponderezedwa kapena woyenda mokakamiza ngati sing'anga yozizira.
Kuthetsa madzi amchere
Madzi amchere amadzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sing'anga yozizira.
Organic yankho kuzimitsa
Sing'anga yozizira ndi yankho lamadzi la polima.
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa
Kuzizirira kwa madzi a jet ngati njira yozizirira.
Utsi kuzirala
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kusakaniza kwa mpweya ndi madzi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzimitsa ndi kuziziritsa chogwirira ntchito.
Kuzizira kosambira kotentha
Zopangira ntchito zimazimitsidwa mubafa yotentha, yomwe imatha kukhala mafuta osungunuka, chitsulo, kapena alkali.
Kuzimitsa kwamadzi kawiri
Pambuyo potenthetsa ndi kulimbitsa chogwirira ntchito, chimamizidwa kaye mu sing'anga yomwe imakhala ndi mphamvu yozizirira kwambiri. Mapangidwewo akakonzeka kusintha martensitic, amasunthidwa nthawi yomweyo kupita ku sing'anga yomwe ili ndi mphamvu yoziziritsa yofooka.
Kuchepetsa kuthamanga
The workpiece adzakhala mkangano, austenitized, ndiyeno kuzimitsidwa pansi fixture wapadera. Amapangidwa kuti achepetse kupotoza panthawi yozizira komanso kuzimitsa.
Mwa kuzimitsa
Kuzimitsa ndi njira yowumitsa kwathunthu chogwirira ntchito kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pachimake.
Kuzimitsa kwa Isothermal
Chogwirira ntchitocho chiyenera kuziziritsidwa mwachangu mpaka kutentha kwanthawi yayitali ndikugwiridwa pamenepo isothermal.
Pang'onopang'ono kuzimitsa
Pambuyo pake chogwiritsira ntchito chatenthedwa ndi kukhazikika chimamizidwa kwa nthawi yoyenera mumtsuko wa alkali kapena mchere pa kutentha komwe kumakhala kokwera pang'ono kapena kutsika kuposa M1. Chogwiritsira ntchito chikafika kutentha kwapakati chimachotsedwa kuti chizizizira mpweya kuti chikwaniritse martensite quenching.
Kutentha kwapansi
Chogwiritsira ntchito cha hypoeutectoid chimatsimikiziridwa pakati pa kutentha kwa Ac1 ndi Ac3, kenako kuzimitsidwa kuti apange martensite kapena ferrite.
Direct kuzimitsa
Chogwirira ntchito chimazimitsidwa mwachindunji chikalowetsedwa ndi kaboni.
Kuzimitsa kawiri
Chidutswacho chikatenthedwa, chimayenera kukhazikika, kenako kuziziritsidwa pa kutentha kwakukulu kuposa Ac3, kuti chiwongolere mawonekedwe ake. Kenako imazimitsidwa pang'ono pamwamba pa Ac3, kuti ikonzenso wosanjikiza wake wa carburized.
Kudziziziritsa kuzimitsa
Kutentha kochokera ku gawo lotenthetsera kumasamutsidwa kokha ku gawo losatenthedwa, lomwe limapangitsa kuti austenitized pamwamba azizizira ndikuzimitsa mwachangu.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-20-2023