1.1 Kuyika kwa CNC makina chida gulu
1. Chida cha makina a CNC chisanafike, wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kukonzekera kuyika molingana ndi chojambula cha maziko a makina operekedwa ndi wopanga.. Mabowo osungidwa ayenera kupangidwa pamalo pomwe mabawuti a nangula adzayikidwe. Pambuyo popereka, ogwira ntchitoyo adzatsatira njira zotsegula kuti atengere zida za makina ku malo oyikapo ndikuyika zigawo zazikulu pa maziko potsatira malangizo.
Zikakhazikika, ma shimu, zowongolera, ndi mabawuti a nangula ziyenera kuyikidwa bwino, ndiyeno mbali zosiyanasiyana za chida cha makina ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa kupanga makina athunthu. Pambuyo pa msonkhano, zingwe, mapaipi amafuta, ndi mapaipi a mpweya ayenera kulumikizidwa. Buku la zida zamakina limaphatikizapo zojambula zama waya zamagetsi ndi ma gasi ndi ma hydraulic mapaipi. Zingwe zoyenera ndi mapaipi ziyenera kulumikizidwa chimodzi ndi chimodzi molingana ndi zolembera.
2. Njira zodzitetezera pa nthawiyi ndi izi.
Mukamasula chida cha makinawo, choyamba ndichopeza zikalata ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mndandanda wa zida zamakina, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zigawo, zingwe, ndi zida zomwe zili m'bokosi lililonse lopaka zikugwirizana ndi mndandanda wazolongedza.
Musanasonkhanitse magawo osiyanasiyana a chida cha makina, ndikofunikira kuchotsa utoto wotsutsa dzimbiri pamalo olumikizirana, njanji zowongolera, ndi malo osiyanasiyana osuntha ndikuyeretsa bwino gawo lililonse.
Panthawi yolumikizira, tcherani khutu pakuyeretsa, kuonetsetsa kukhudzana kodalirika ndi kusindikiza, ndikuyang'ana kuti palibe kutayika kapena kuwonongeka. Mukatha kulumikiza zingwe, onetsetsani kuti mwamangitsa zomangira kuti muwonetsetse kulumikizana kotetezeka. Mukalumikiza mapaipi amafuta ndi mpweya, samalani kwambiri kuti zinthu zakunja zisalowe mupaipi kuchokera pamawonekedwe, zomwe zingapangitse kuti makina onse a hydraulic asagwire bwino ntchito. Mgwirizano uliwonse uyenera kumangidwa polumikiza payipi. Zingwe ndi mapaipi zikalumikizidwa, ziyenera kutetezedwa, ndipo chipolopolo chotchingacho chiyenera kuyikidwa kuti chiwoneke bwino.
1.2 Kulumikizana kwa CNC system
1) Kuwunika kwadongosolo la CNC.
Mukalandira dongosolo limodzi la CNC kapena dongosolo lathunthu la CNC logulidwa ndi chida cha makina, ndikofunikira kuti mufufuze bwino. Kuyang'aniraku kuyenera kuphimba thupi la dongosolo, gawo lofananira ndi liwiro la chakudya ndi injini ya servo, komanso gawo lowongolera ndi spindle motor.
2) Kulumikizana kwa zingwe zakunja.
Kulumikizana kwa chingwe chakunja kumatanthawuza zingwe zomwe zimalumikiza dongosolo la CNC kugawo lakunja la MDI/CRT, kabati yamagetsi, gulu lopangira zida zamakina, chingwe chamagetsi cha servo motor, mzere woyankha, chingwe chamagetsi cha spindle motor, ndi mayankho. mzere wa chizindikiro, komanso jenereta yokhotakhota pamanja. Zingwezi ziyenera kutsata buku lolumikizira lomwe limaperekedwa ndi makinawo, ndipo waya wapansi uyenera kulumikizidwa kumapeto.
3) Kulumikizana kwa chingwe chamagetsi cha CNC.
Lumikizani chingwe chothandizira chamagetsi amagetsi a CNC pomwe chosinthira magetsi cha nduna ya CNC chazimitsidwa.
4) Kutsimikizira zoikamo.
Pali zosintha zingapo pa bolodi losindikizidwa mu dongosolo la CNC, lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi mawaya a jumper. Izi zimafuna kasinthidwe koyenera kuti zigwirizane ndi zofunikira zenizeni zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zamakina.
5) Chitsimikizo cha magetsi olowera magetsi, ma frequency, ndi magawo agawo.
Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito makina osiyanasiyana a CNC, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi DC zomwe zimapatsa makinawo ma ± 5V, 24V, ndi magetsi ena a DC. Onetsetsani kuti katundu wamagetsi awa sakufupikitsidwa pansi. Multimeter ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsimikizira izi.
6) Tsimikizirani ngati voteji yotulutsa magetsi yamagetsi a DC ndi yofupikitsidwa pansi.
7) Yatsani mphamvu ya nduna ya CNC ndikuwunika ma voltages.
Musanayatse magetsi, chotsani chingwe chamagetsi chamagetsi kuti mutetezeke. Mukayatsa, onani ngati mafani mu nduna ya CNC akuzungulira kuti atsimikizire mphamvu.
8) Tsimikizirani makonda a magawo a CNC system.
9) Tsimikizirani mawonekedwe pakati pa dongosolo la CNC ndi chida cha makina.
Tikamaliza masitepe omwe tawatchulawa, tikhoza kunena kuti makina a CNC asinthidwa ndipo tsopano ali okonzeka kuyesa mphamvu pa intaneti ndi chida cha makina. Panthawiyi, magetsi ku dongosolo la CNC akhoza kuzimitsidwa, chingwe chamagetsi chamagetsi chikhoza kulumikizidwa, ndipo ma alarm akhoza kubwezeretsedwa.
1.3 Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwa zida zamakina a CNC
Kuti muwonetsetse kukonza bwino kwa zida zamakina, onani buku la chida cha makina a CNC kuti mupeze malangizo opaka mafuta. Dzazani malo opaka mafuta omwe mwatchulidwawo ndi mafuta ofunikira ndi mafuta, yeretsani tanki yamafuta a hydraulic ndi fyuluta, ndikudzazanso ndi mafuta oyenera a hydraulic. Kuphatikiza apo, onetsetsani kuti mukulumikiza gwero la mpweya wakunja.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina, mutha kusankha kupatsa mphamvu magawo onse nthawi imodzi kapena kupatsa mphamvu gawo lililonse padera musanayese kuyesa kwamagetsi. Mukayesa makina a CNC ndi chida cha makina, ngakhale makina a CNC akugwira ntchito bwino popanda ma alarm, nthawi zonse khalani okonzeka kukanikiza batani loyimitsa mwadzidzidzi kuti mudule mphamvu ngati kuli kofunikira. Gwiritsani ntchito chakudya chopitilira pamanja kuti musunthire mbali iliyonse ndikutsimikizira komwe kumayenda kwa zida zamakina kudzera pamtengo wowonetsera wa CRT kapena DPL (chiwonetsero cha digito).
Yang'anani kusasinthasintha kwa mtunda wa kuyenda kwa olamulira aliwonse ndi malangizo oyenda. Ngati kusagwirizana kulipo, tsimikizirani malangizo ofunikira, magawo oyankha, kupindula kwa kuwongolera malo, ndi zoikamo zina. Sunthani nsonga iliyonse pa liwiro lotsika pogwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamanja, kuwonetsetsa kuti akugunda chosinthira chodutsa kuti muwone mphamvu ya malire odutsa komanso ngati makina a CNC amatulutsa alamu akamayenda mopitilira muyeso. Yang'ananinso bwino ngati zokhazikitsira magawo mu dongosolo la CNC ndi chipangizo cha PMC zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zatchulidwa mu data yachisawawa.
Yesani mitundu yosiyanasiyana yogwiritsira ntchito (pamanja, inchi, MDI, automatic mode, etc.), malangizo osinthira ma spindle, ndi malangizo a liwiro pamagawo onse kuti atsimikizire kulondola kwake. Pomaliza, bwererani ku malo owonetsera. Malo ofotokozera amakhala ngati malo owonetsera pulogalamu yamtsogolo ya zida zamakina. Choncho, m'pofunika kutsimikizira kukhalapo kwa malo owonetsera ndikuwonetsetsa malo omwe akubwereranso nthawi iliyonse.
1.4 Kukhazikitsa ndikusintha zida zamakina a CNC
Malinga ndi buku la zida zamakina a CNC, cheke chathunthu chimapangidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zigawo zazikuluzikulu zikugwira ntchito bwino, ndikupangitsa kuti zida zonse zamakina ziziyenda bwino. Thecnc kupanga ndondomekokumaphatikizapo kusintha mlingo wa bedi la chida cha makina ndikupanga kusintha koyambirira ku kulondola kwakukulu kwa geometric. Pambuyo pake, malo achibale a zigawo zazikulu zosuntha zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa ndi makina akuluakulu amasinthidwa. Zitsulo za nangula za makina akuluakulu ndi zowonjezera zimadzazidwa ndi simenti yowumitsa mwamsanga, ndipo mabowo osungidwa amadzazidwanso, kulola kuti simenti iume kwathunthu.
Kukonzekera bwino kwa mlingo waukulu wa bedi la chida cha makina pa maziko olimba akugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ma bolts a nangula ndi shims. Mulingowo ukakhazikitsidwa, magawo oyenda pabedi, monga gawo lalikulu, slide, ndi benchi yogwirira ntchito, amasunthidwa kuti ayang'ane kusinthika kopingasa kwa chida cha makina mkati mwa sitiroko yonse ya mgwirizano uliwonse. Kulondola kwa geometric kwa chida cha makina kumasinthidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwera mkati mwazolakwa zovomerezeka. Mulingo wolondola, wolamulira wamba, wolamulira wokhazikika, ndi collimator ndi zina mwa zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha. Pakusintha, cholinga chake chimakhala pakusintha ma shims, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, kupanga zosintha pang'ono pamizere yolowera ndikuyika ma roller pamayendedwe owongolera.
1.5 Ntchito yosinthira zida mu malo opangira makina
Kuti ayambitse njira yosinthira zida, chida cha makina chimawongoleredwa kuti chizisunthira zokha kumalo osinthira zida pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu ena monga G28 Y0 Z0 kapena G30 Y0 Z0. Malo a chida chotsitsa ndi kutsitsa manipulator wachibale ndi spindle ndiye amasinthidwa pamanja, mothandizidwa ndi mandrel owongolera kuti azindikire. Ngati zolakwika zilizonse zizindikirika, sitiroko ya manipulator imatha kusinthidwa, chithandizo cha manipulator ndi malo a magazini ya chida zitha kusunthidwa, ndipo kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo osinthira chida kungasinthidwe ngati kuli kofunikira, posintha mawonekedwe a parameter mu dongosolo la CNC.
Mukamaliza kukonza, zomangira zosinthira ndi zida za nangula zamagazini zimalimbikitsidwa. Pambuyo pake, zokhala ndi zida zingapo zomwe zili pafupi ndi kulemera kwake kovomerezeka zimayikidwa, ndipo kusinthanitsa kobwerezabwereza kobwerezabwereza kuchokera ku magazini ya chida kupita ku spindle kumachitika. Zochita izi ziyenera kukhala zolondola, popanda kugunda kapena kugwetsa zida.
Kwa zida zamakina zomwe zili ndi matebulo osinthanitsa a APC, tebulo limasunthidwa kumalo osinthira, ndipo malo achibale a pallet station ndi malo osinthira tebulo amasinthidwa kuti awonetsetse kuti azitha kuchita bwino, odalirika komanso olondola pakusintha kwachida. Kutsatira izi, 70-80% ya katundu wololeka amayikidwa pamalo ogwirira ntchito, ndipo zochita zosinthana zingapo zimachitika. Kulondola kukakwaniritsidwa, zomangira zoyenera zimamangidwa.
1.6 Kuyesa kwa zida zamakina a CNC
Pambuyo kukhazikitsa ndi kutumiza zida zamakina a CNC, makina onsewo amayenera kuthamanga okha kwa nthawi yayitali pansi pamikhalidwe yolemetsa kuti ayang'ane bwino momwe makinawo amagwirira ntchito komanso kudalirika kwake. Palibe lamulo lokhazikika pa nthawi yothamanga. Nthawi zambiri, imatha maola 8 patsiku mosalekeza kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu, kapena maola 24 mosalekeza kwa masiku 1 mpaka 2. Njirayi imatchedwa ntchito yoyeserera pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa.
Njira yowunikirayi iyenera kuphatikizapo kuyesa ntchito za dongosolo lalikulu la CNC, kusintha 2/3 ya zida zomwe zili m'magazini ya chida, kuyesa kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwambiri, kotsika kwambiri, komanso komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, kuthamanga kwachangu komanso komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, kusinthanitsa basi. za malo ogwirira ntchito, ndikugwiritsa ntchito malangizo akuluakulu a M. Panthawi yoyeserera, magazini ya chida cha chida cha makinawo iyenera kukhala yodzaza ndi zida, kulemera kwa chogwiritsira ntchito kuyenera kukhala pafupi ndi kulemera kovomerezeka, ndipo katundu ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kumalo ogwirira ntchito. Panthawi yoyeserera, palibe zolakwika za zida zamakina zomwe zimaloledwa kuchitika kupatula zolakwika zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zolakwika zogwiritsa ntchito. Kupanda kutero, zikuwonetsa zovuta pakukhazikitsa ndi kutumiza chida cha makina.
1.7 Kuvomereza zida zamakina a CNC
Akamaliza kuyika ndi kutumiza zida zamakina, kuvomereza kwa wogwiritsa ntchito makina a CNC kumaphatikizapo kuyeza zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zaukadaulo pa satifiketi ya chida cha makina. Izi zimachitika molingana ndi zikhalidwe zovomerezeka zomwe zafotokozedwa mu satifiketi yoyendera fakitale ya chida cha makina pogwiritsa ntchito njira zodziwikiratu zomwe zaperekedwa. Zotsatira zovomerezeka zidzakhala maziko okonzekera tsogolo la zizindikiro zaumisiri. Ntchito yayikulu yovomerezeka ikufotokozedwa motere:
1) Kuwunika kwa mawonekedwe a chida cha makina: Musanayang'ane mwatsatanetsatane ndikuvomereza chida cha makina a CNC, mawonekedwe a nduna ya CNC ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuvomerezedwa.Izi ziyenera kuphatikizapo mbali zotsatirazi:
① Yang'anani nduna ya CNC kuti yawonongeka kapena kuipitsidwa ndi maso. Yang'anani mitolo yolumikizira yomwe yawonongeka ndi zigawo zotchingira zokopa.
② Yang'anani kulimba kwazinthu mu nduna ya CNC, kuphatikiza zomangira, zolumikizira, ndi ma board osindikizidwa.
③ Kuyang'anira mawonekedwe a servo motor: Makamaka, nyumba ya servo motor yokhala ndi pulse encoder iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, makamaka kumapeto kwake.
2) Kugwiritsa ntchito chida cha makina ndi kuyesa ntchito ya NC. Tsopano, tengani malo opangira makina oyima ngati chitsanzo kuti mufotokoze zina mwazinthu zazikulu zowunikira.
① Kuchita kwa Spindle System.
② Kachitidwe ka chakudya.
③ Makina osinthira zida zokha.
④ Phokoso la chida cha makina. Phokoso lonse la chida cha makina panthawi yopuma siliyenera kupitirira 80 dB.
⑤ Chipangizo chamagetsi.
⑥ Chida chowongolera digito.
⑦ Chipangizo chachitetezo.
⑧ Chida choyatsira mafuta.
⑨ Mpweya ndi chipangizo chamadzimadzi.
⑩ Chida chowonjezera.
⑪ CNC ntchito.
⑫ Kugwira ntchito mosalekeza kosalemetsa.
3) Kulondola kwa chida cha makina a CNC kumawonetsa zolakwika zamakina azinthu zake zazikulu zamakina ndi msonkhano. M'munsimu muli tsatanetsatane wowunika kulondola kwa geometric kwa malo opangira makina osunthika.
① Kukhazikika kwa tebulo logwirira ntchito.
② Mutual Perpendicularity ya kuyenda munjira iliyonse yolumikizana.
③ Parallelism ya worktable pamene akuyenda mu X-coordinate direction.
④ Kufanana kwa tebulo logwirira ntchito mukamayenda munjira ya Y-coordinate.
⑤ Kufanana kwa mbali ya T-slot ya worktable pamene ikuyenda mu X-coordinate direction.
⑥ Axial kutha kwa spindle.
⑦ Kutha kwa dzenje la spindle.
⑧ Parallelism ya spindle axis pamene bokosi la spindle likuyenda mu Z-coordinate direction.
⑨ Perpendicularity ya spindle rotation axis centerline ku worktable.
⑩ Kuwongoka kwa bokosi la spindle lomwe likuyenda mbali ya Z-coordinate.
4) Kuwunika kolondola kwa zida zamakina ndikuwunika kulondola komwe kungatheke ndi magawo osuntha a chida cha makina omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi chipangizo cha CNC. Zomwe zili muzowunikira zimaphatikizanso kuwunika kwa malo olondola.
① Liniya yoyenda molunjika (kuphatikiza X, Y, Z, U, V, ndi W axis).
② Kuyenda kwa liniya kubwereza kubwereza kolondola.
③ Bwezerani Kulondola kwa mawotchi oyambira axis yoyenda.
④ Kutsimikiza kwa kuchuluka kwa kutayika kwachangu mumayendedwe a mzere.
⑤ Kuyika kozungulira kozungulira (turntable A, B, C axis).
⑥ Bweretsani kulondola kwa malo oyenda mozungulira.
⑦ Bweretsani Kulondola kwa chiyambi cha axis yozungulira.
⑧ Kutsimikiza kuchuluka kwamphamvu yotayika mumayendedwe ozungulira axis.
5) Kuwunika kolondola kwa zida zamakina kumaphatikizapo kuunika kolondola kwa mawonekedwe a geometric ndikuyika kulondola kwa chida cha makina pakudula ndi kukonza ntchito. Pankhani ya makina opanga mafakitale m'malo opangira makina, kulondola pakupanga kamodzi ndiye gawo lofunikira kwambiri.
① Kulondola Kotopetsa.
② Kulondola kwa ndege yopera mphero (ndege ya XY).
③ Boring dzenje phula kulondola ndi dzenje m'mimba mwake kubalalitsidwa.
④ Kulondola kwa mphero.
⑤ Oblique line mphero kulondola.
⑥ Arc mphero kulondola.
⑦ Bokosi kutembenukira mozungulira wotopetsa coaxiality (kwa yopingasa makina zida).
⑧ Kuzungulira kozungulira kozungulira 90 ° masikweya mpherocnc processingkulondola (kwa zida zamakina zopingasa).
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri kapena kufunsa, chonde omasuka kulumikizanani info@anebon.com
Anebon imadalira mphamvu yolimba yaukadaulo ndipo imapanga ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri kuti ukwaniritse kufunikira kwa makina achitsulo a CNC,cnc mphero zigawo,ndizitsulo zotayidwa za aluminiyamu. Malingaliro onse ndi malingaliro adzayamikiridwa kwambiri! Mgwirizano wabwino ukhoza kupititsa patsogolo tonsefe kukhala chitukuko chabwino!
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-16-2024