Kukonza kwamakina kumatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri molingana ndi gulu lopanga: chidutswa chimodzi, mitundu ingapo, ndi gulu laling'ono (lomwe limatchedwa kupanga batch yaying'ono). Zina ndi zazing'ono zosiyanasiyana komanso kupanga magulu akuluakulu. Zakale zimawerengera 70 ~ 80% ya mtengo wonse wotulutsa makina opangira makina ndipo ndiye thupi lalikulu.
Chifukwa chiyani kupanga bwino kwa chida cha makina omwewo kumasiyana kangapo? Mapeto ake ndikuti zida zosankhidwa pa chida cha makina a NC sizoyenera, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kupanga kwa chida cha makina a NC. Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera kusankha koyenera komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida za makina a NC.
Kodi tingatani kuti tigwiritse ntchito bwino zida zamakina a CNC? Kupyolera mu kusanthula kwaumisiri, kugwiritsa ntchito zidazo kumakhala ndi ubale wabwino. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosakwanira, kuchuluka kwazinthu zopanda nzeru zomwe mabizinesi apakhomo amagwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina a CNC ndizoposa 50%. Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2010, zida zamakina a CNC ku China zidafika pafupifupi 1 miliyoni, kutanthauza kuti oposa 500000 anali "opanda pake" chifukwa cha kusankha kosayenera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zosintha. Kuchokera kumalingaliro ena, pali zambiri zoti zichitike posankha ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina a NC chifukwa zili ndi phindu lalikulu pazachuma.
Kupanga kwamagulu ang'onoang'ono (kukonzekera / kudikirira) nthawi + nthawi yopangira ntchito Popeza "nthawi yopangira ntchito" yopanga batch yaying'ono imafupikitsidwa, kutalika kwa "nthawi yokonzekera (kukonzekera / kudikirira)" kumakhudza kwambiri kayendetsedwe kake. Tiyenera kupeza njira zofupikitsira nthawi yopanga (kukonzekera / kudikirira) kuti tithandizire kupanga bwino.
1. Mitundu itatu ya zida zamakina a NC ndi zosintha zomwe zitha kukhala patsogolo pazopanga zazing'ono zimalimbikitsidwa motere:
Kusintha kwa Modular
Ma modular fixture, kapena "building block fixture," imakhala ndi zida zingapo zamakina zokhala ndi mapangidwe okhazikika, magwiridwe antchito, ndi mawonekedwe. Makasitomala amatha kusonkhanitsa mwachangu zida zosiyanasiyana zamakina malinga ndi zofunikira pakukonza, monga "zomangamanga." Chifukwa mawonekedwe a modular amapulumutsa nthawi pakupanga ndi kupanga zida zapadera, amafupikitsa kwambiri nthawi yokonzekera, motero amafupikitsa kayendedwe kakang'ono kakupanga ndikuwongolera kupanga bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, makina opangira ma modular alinso ndi maubwino ake olondola kwambiri, kusinthasintha kokwanira kwa clamping, kubwezeretsanso ndikugwiritsanso ntchito, kupanga mphamvu ndi kupulumutsa zinthu, kutsika mtengo, ndi zina zotere. mawonekedwe a mankhwala ndi ovuta.
Mwatsatanetsatane kuphatikiza pliers lathyathyathyaPkukonzan kuphatikiza nsagwada zathyathyathya ndi za "msonkhano" wama modular fixtures. Poyerekeza ndi zida zina zosinthira ma modular, zimakhala zosunthika, zokhazikika, zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso zodalirika pakumanga. Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. The mwatsatanetsatane kuphatikiza lathyathyathya nsagwada pliers ndi ubwino unsembe mofulumira (disassembly), mofulumira clamping, etc., kufupikitsa nthawi yokonzekera kupanga ndi bwino dzuwa kupanga yaing'ono mtanda. Pakali pano, kutsekereza kophatikizana kophatikizana kosalala kwa nsagwada komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi ndi 1000mm, ndipo kukakamiza ndi 55000 kg.
Mtsinje wosalala wa clamp
Smooth fixture base sigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku China, koma imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Europe, America, ndi mayiko ena otukuka. Ndiwopanda kanthu pazitsulo zokhazikika mutamaliza gawo lolumikizirana pakati pa chinthucho ndi chida cha makina ndipo malo oyika gawolo amalizidwa. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kukonza ndikupanga zosintha zapadera malinga ndi zosowa zawo zenizeni.
Zindikirani kuti kuphatikiza kolondola kophatikizika kwa nsagwada zathyathyathya zomwe zatchulidwa pano sizovala zakale zamakina. Makina akale a makina ali ndi ntchito imodzi, kulondola kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kupanga, sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'magulu, komanso kukhala ndi moyo waufupi wautumiki, kotero iwo sali oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa makina a CNC ndi malo opangira makina. Zosakaniza zophatikizika bwino za nsagwada zomwe zatchulidwa pano ndi pliers zatsopano za nsagwada zomwe zidachokera ku Europe, America, ndi mayiko ena otukuka mafakitale, opangidwa mwapadera kuti aziwonetsa zida zamakina a CNC ndi malo opangira makina. Zogulitsa zotere zimakhala ndi kusinthasintha kokwanira kwa clamping, kulondola kwa malo apamwamba, komanso kuthamanga mwachangu. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu ndipo ndizoyenera kwambiri zida zamakina a CNC ndi malo opangira makina.
Magetsi okhazikika a maginito clamp
Magetsi okhazikika amagetsi ndi mtundu watsopano wopangidwa ndi neodymium iron boron ndi zida zina zatsopano zamaginito monga magwero a maginito komanso mfundo zamagawo amakono a maginito. Zochita zambiri zamakina zikuwonetsa kuti mawonekedwe amagetsi okhazikika amagetsi amatha kupititsa patsogolo luso la makina a CNC ndi malo opangira makina.
The clamping ndi kumasula ndondomeko ya magetsi okhazikika maginito clamp zimangotenga 1 sekondi, kotero nthawi clamping kwambiri lalifupi. Kuyika kwa zida zamakina ochiritsira ndi zinthu zokhomerera zimakhala ndi malo okwanira, pomwe maginito okhazikika amagetsi alibe zinthu zokhala ndi danga. Choncho, poyerekeza ndi chikhalidwe makina chida jigs, ndi magetsi okhazikika maginito jigs ndi zambiri clamping osiyanasiyana, amene amathandiza kuti ntchito mokwanira worktable ndi processing sitiroko ya CNC makina chida ndi yabwino kuwongolera mabuku processing dzuwa.Kutembenuza magawondimakina opanga zigawo. Kukoka kwa maginito okhazikika amagetsi nthawi zambiri kumakhala 15 ~ 18Kgf / cm2, chifukwa chake ziyenera kuwonetseredwa kuti kuyamwa (kukakamiza) ndikokwanira kukana mphamvu yodulira. Nthawi zambiri, malo adsorption sayenera kuchepera 30cm2; mphamvu ya clamping sayenera kupitirira 450Kgf.
2. Chida cha makina a NC choyenera kukonzanso misa
Misa processing cycle=kukonza nthawi yodikira+ nthawi yopangira ntchito, nthawi yokonzekera kupanga "kukonza nthawi yodikira" makamaka imaphatikizapo nthawi ya clamping ya workpiece ndi kusintha zida. The "workpiece clamping nthawi" ya chikhalidwe Buku makina chida fixture akhoza kufika 10-30% ya misa processing mkombero, kotero "workpiece clamping" wakhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri pakupanga dzuwa komanso ndi chinthu chofunika "kugogoda kuthekera" za chida cha makina.
Chifukwa chake, zida zapadera zoikika mwachangu komanso kuthamangitsa mwachangu (kumasula) ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza misa, ndipo mitundu itatu yotsatirayi ya zida zamakina zitha kuperekedwa patsogolo:
hydraulic / pneumatic clamp
Chingwe cha hydraulic / pneumatic clamp ndi cholumikizira chapadera chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito kuthamanga kwamafuta kapena kuthamanga kwa mpweya ngati gwero lamphamvu kuti likhazikike, kuthandizira, ndi kupanikizira chogwirira ntchito kudzera pazigawo za hydraulic kapena pneumatic. Makina a hydraulic / pneumatic amatha kudziwa molondola komanso mwachangu malo omwe ali pakati pa chogwirira ntchito, chida cha makina, ndi chodula. Kukonzekera kumatsimikizira malo olondola a workpiece, ndipo makina olondola ndi apamwamba; Kuyika ndi kukakamiza kumathamanga, kupulumutsa kwambiri nthawi yokhomerera ndikutulutsa chogwirira ntchito. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ili ndi ubwino wa mawonekedwe ophatikizika, kupopera kwamitundu yambiri, kudula kwambiri, kuthamanga kwachangu, ndi zina zotero.
Ubwino wa hydraulic / pneumatic fixtures amawapangitsa kukhala oyenera zida zamakina a CNC, malo opangira makina, ndi mizere yosinthika yopangira, makamaka pakukonza misa.
Magetsi okhazikika a maginito clamp
Magetsi okhazikika amagetsi ali ndi ubwino wokhomerera mofulumira, kuwongolera kosavuta kwamitundu yambiri, makina amitundu yambiri, kugwedeza kokhazikika komanso kodalirika, kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, ndi kuwongolera basi. Poyerekeza ndi zida wamba zamakina, zopangira maginito okhazikika amagetsi zimatha kufupikitsa nthawi yokhomerera, kuchepetsa nthawi yokhotakhota, komanso kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a clamping. Choncho, iwo ndi oyenera osati kupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono komanso kupanga magulu akuluakulu.
Mtsinje wosalala wa clamp
The yosalala pamwamba fixture m'munsi akhoza bwino kufupikitsa kuzungulira kwa kupanga mindandanda yamasewera wapadera ndi kuchepetsa kupanga kupanga nthawi yokonzekera, kotero akhoza zambiri kufupikitsa mkombero wa kupanga misa ndi bwino kupanga bwino. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mtengo wopangira sremarkablefixture ukhoza kuchepetsedwa. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe osalala a pamwamba amakwanira kupanga misa ndi mikombero yolimba.
Gwiritsirani ntchito zotsekera kuti mugwire kuthekera kwa zida
Zochitika zikuwonetsa kuti kukonza magwiridwe antchito a zida zamakina a NC, sikokwanira "kusankha zoyenera" zida zamakina a NC ndi zosintha komanso "kugwiritsa" zida zamakina a NC ndi zosintha.
3. Nazi njira zitatu zokhazikika:
Njira yamasiteshoni ambiri
Mfundo yofunikira ya njira yopangira masiteshoni ambiri ndikufupikitsa nthawi yolumikizira ma unit ndikuwonjezera nthawi yokwanira yodulira chidacho pomanga ma workpiece angapo nthawi imodzi. MMMulti-stationfixture imatanthawuza kukonzanso komwe kumakhala ndi malo angapo komanso kupondaponda.
Ndi chitukuko cha zida zamakina a CNC komanso kufunikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito zopanga, kugwiritsa ntchito masiteshoni ambiri kukukulirakulira. Mapangidwe a masiteshoni ambiri akuchulukirachulukira pamapangidwe a hydraulic/pneumatic fixtures, ma modular fixtures, magineti okhazikika amagetsi, ndi ma pulaneti olondola a nsagwada.
Kugwiritsa ntchito pagulu
Cholinga cha "multi-station" clamping chingathenso kukwaniritsidwa mwa kuyika ma clamps angapo pa benchi yogwirira ntchito yomweyo. Zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi njirayi ziyenera kudutsa "mapangidwe okhazikika komanso kupanga mwatsatanetsatane", apo ayi ndizovuta kukwaniritsa zofunikira za NC makina opangira zida.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito gulu ingagwiritse ntchito mokwanira kukwapula kwa chida cha makina a NC, chomwe chimapindulitsa kuvala moyenera kwa mbali zopatsirana za chida cha makina. Nthawi yomweyo, zosintha zoyenera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pawokha kuti zizindikire kulimba kwa zidutswa zingapo ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito limodzi kuti zizindikire kulimba kwa zida zazikuluzikulu.
Njira yosinthira mwachangu
Njira yosinthira mwachangu yakomweko imasintha magwiridwe antchito kapena mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito posintha mwachangu zida zapa makina a NC (kuyika, kukakamiza, zida, ndi zowongolera). Mwachitsanzo, kusintha kwachangu kuphatikiza nsagwada lathyathyathya akhoza kusintha clamping ntchito mwamsanga kusintha nsagwada, monga kusintha clamping lalikulu chuma mu clamping bala zakuthupi. Njira yokhomerera imathanso kusinthidwa ndikusintha mwachangu zinthu zokhomerera, monga kusintha kuchoka pamanja kupita ku hydraulic clamping. Njira yosinthira mwachangu yakumaloko imawonetsa kusintha kwamasewera ndi nthawi yosinthira ndipo imakhala ndi maubwino owoneka pakupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-15-2022