Motho e mong le e mong o tseba khoele. Joaloka basebetsi-'moho le indasteri ea tlhahiso, hangata re hloka ho eketsa likhoele ho latela litlhoko tsa bareki ha re sebetsana le lisebelisoa tsa hardware tse kangLikarolo tsa mochini oa CNC, Likarolo tse fetohang tsa CNCleLikarolo tsa ho sila tsa CNC.
1. Khoele ke eng?
Khoele ke helix e sehiloeng ho sebetsa ka ntle kapa ka hare. Mesebetsi ea mantlha ea likhoele ke:
1. Theha khokahano ea mochini ka ho kopanya lihlahisoa tsa khoele ea kahare le lihlahisoa tsa khoele tsa kantle.
2. Fetisetsa motsamao ka ho fetolela motsamao oa rotary ho motsamao oa linear le ka tsela e fapaneng.
3. Fumana melemo ea mechine.
2. Thread profile le terminology
Boemo ba khoele bo etsa qeto ea geometry ea khoele, ho kenyelletsa bophara ba "workpiece" (e kholo, ea sekontiri le li-diameter tse nyane); khoele profile angle; sekontiri le sekhutlo sa helix.
1. Mantsoe a khoele
① Tlase: Bokaholimo bo ka tlase bo kopanyang likhoele tse peli tse bapileng.
② flank: karolo e ka thōko ea khoele e kopanyang bokatlase ba leino.
③Crest: Sebaka se ka holimo se kopanyang mahlakore a mabeli.
P = bophahamo, mm kapa likhoele ka intshi (tpi)
ß = profil angle
ϕ = khoele helix angle
d = bophara bo boholo ba khoele e ka ntle
D = bophara bo boholo ba khoele ea ka hare
d1 = bophara bo fokolang ba khoele e ka ntle
D1 = Bophara bo bonyenyane ba khoele ea ka hare
d2 = bophara ba sekontiri sa khoele e kantle
D2 = bophara ba sekontiri sa khoele ea ka hare
Bophara ba sekontiri, d2/D2
Bophara bo sebetsang ba khoele. Hoo e ka bang halofo pakeng tsa bophara bo boholo le bo bonyenyane.
The geometry ea khoele e thehiloe ka khoele sekontiri se metsi bophara (d, D) le sekontiri se metsi (P): sebaka sa axial hammoho le khoele holim'a workpiece ho tloha ntlha e le 'ngoe profil ho ea ntlha e tšoanang e latelang. Sena se ka boela sa bonoa e le kgutlotharo e fetang workpiece.
vc = lebelo la ho itšeha (m/min)
ap = botebo ba khoele kaofela (mm)
nap = botebo ba khoele kaofela (mm)
tpi = likhoele ka inch
Fepa = sekontiri
2. Boemo bo tloaelehileng ba khoele
1. Palo le mamello ea bophara ba khoele ea kantle ea mofuta oa leino la 60° (tekanyetso ea naha GB197/196)
a. Palo ea boholo ba motheo ba bophara ba molumo
Boholo ba motheo ba bophara ba sekontiri ba khoele = bophara bo boholo ba khoele - pitch × coefficient value.
Kemelo ea foromo: d/DP×0.6495
2. Palo le mamello ea bophahamo ba molumo oa khoele ea ka hare ea 60° (GB197/196)
a.6H boemo ba khoele ea sekontiri se bophahamo ba mamello (e thehiloeng holim'a khoele ea khoele)
Moeli o kaholimo:
P0.8+0.125P1.00+0.150P1.25+0.16P1.5+0.180
P1.25+0.00P2.0+0.212P2.5+0.224
Boleng bo tlase ba moeli ke "0",
Foromo e kaholimo ea palo ea 2+TD2 ke boholo ba motheo + mamello.
Ka mohlala, bophara ba molumo oa khoele ea ka hare ea M8-6H ke: 7.188 + 0.160 = 7.348 Moeli o ka holimo: 7.188 ke moeli o ka tlaase.
b. Mokhoa oa ho bala oa bophara ba sekontiri sa khoele e ka hare o tšoana le oa khoele e ka ntle
Ke hore, D2 = DP × 0.6495, ke hore, bophara bo bohareng ba khoele e ka hare e lekana le bophara bo boholo ba khoele-pitch× coefficient value.
c.6G sehlopha sa khoele sekontiri se metsi kheloha ea motheo E1 (e thehiloeng holim'a khoele ea khoele)
P0.8+0.024P1.00+0.026P1.25+0.028P1.5+0.032
P1.75+0.034P1.00+0.026P2.5+0.042
3. Palo le mamello ea bophara bo boholo ba khoele e ka ntle (GB197/196)
a. Moeli o ka holimo oa bophara bo boholo ba 6h oa khoele e ka ntle
Ke hore, mohlala oa boleng ba khoele M8 ke φ8.00 'me moeli o ka holimo oa mamello ke "0".
b. Mamello ea boleng bo tlase ba moeli oa bophara bo boholo ba sehlopha sa 6h sa khoele ea kantle (ho ipapisitse le molumo oa khoele)
P0.8-0.15P1.00-0.18P1.25-0.212P1.5-0.236P1.75-0.265
P2.0-0.28P2.5-0.335
Foromo ea lipalo bakeng sa moeli o ka tlase oa bophara bo boholo: d-Td ke tekanyo ea motheo ea bophara bo boholo ba khoele - tolerance.
4. Palo le mamello ea bophara bo nyane ba khoele ea ka hare
a. Palo ea boholo ba motheo ba bophara bo bonyenyane ba khoele e ka hare (D1)
Boholo ba motheo ba bophara bo bonyenyane ba khoele = boholo ba motheo ba khoele ea ka hare - pitch × factor
5. Mokhoa oa lipalo oa mokhoa oa ho arola hlooho e le 'ngoe
Mokhoa oa ho bala oa mokhoa oa karohano e le 'ngoe: n=40/Z
n: palo ya diphetohelo tseo hlooho e arolang e lokelang ho e fetola
Z: Karolo e lekanang ea workpiece
40: palo e tsitsitseng ea hlooho e arolang
6. Mokhoa oa ho bala oa hexagon o ngotsoeng ka selikalikoe
① Fumana lehlakore le shebaneng la hexagonal (S bokaholimo) ba selikalikoe sa D
S=0.866D ke bophara×0.866 (coefficient)
② Bala bophara ba selikalikoe (D) ho tloha mahlakoreng a fapaneng a hexagon (S surface)
D=1.1547S e lehlakoreng le fapaneng×1.1547 (coefficient)
7. Mokhoa oa ho bala oa mahlakoreng a mahlakore a mabeli a fapaneng le li-diagonal ka mokhoa o batang oa lihlooho
① Fumana angle e fapaneng e ho tloha ka lehlakoreng le leng (S) la hexagon e ka ntle
e=1.13s ke lehlakore le shebaneng×1.13
②Fumana lehlakoreng le fapaneng (e) ho tloha lehlakoreng le leng (ma) la hexagon e ka hare
e=1.14s e lehlakoreng le shebaneng×1.14 (coefficient)
③ Fumana bophara ba thepa ea hlooho ea sekhutlo se fapaneng (D) ho tloha ka lehlakoreng le leng (s) la hexagon e ka ntle.
Bophara ba selikalikoe (D) bo lokela ho baloa ho ea ka (formula ea bobeli ho 6) lehlakoreng le leng la hexagonal (s surface), 'me boleng ba setsi sa offset bo lokela ho eketsoa ka nepo, ke hore, D≥1.1547s. Chelete ea setsi sa offset e ka hakanngoa feela.
8. Mokhoa oa ho bala oa lisekoere tse ngotsoeng ka selikalikoe
① Circle (D) ho fumana lehlakore le fapaneng la lisekoere (S surface)
S=0.7071D ke bophara×0.7071
② Fumana selikalikoe (D) ho tloha mahlakoreng a fapaneng a lisekoere (S surface)
D=1.414S ke lehlakore le shebaneng×1.414
9. Mokhoa oa ho bala oa lisekoere ka mahlakoreng a shebaneng le li-angles tse fapaneng ka mokhoa o batang oa lihlooho
① Fumana angle e fapaneng (e) ho tloha lehlakoreng le leng (S) la lisekoere tse kantle
e=1.4s ke lehlakore le fapaneng (ma)×1.4 paramethara
② Fumana angle e fapaneng (e) ho tloha ka lehlakoreng le leng (s) la lisekoere tse ka hare
e=1.45s ke lehlakore le fapaneng (ma)×1.45 coefficient
10. Mokhoa oa ho bala molumo oa hexagon
s20.866×H/m/k e bolela lehlakore le fapaneng×lehlakoreng le fapaneng×0.866× bophahamo kapa botenya.
11. Mokhoa oa ho bala oa molumo oa 'mele oa frustum (cone).
0.262H(D2+d2+D×d) ke 0.262×bophahamo×(bophahamo ba hlooho e kgolo×seboko se seholo sa hlooho+sehlooho se senyenyane×se se senyane sa hlooho+sehlooho se seholo×se se senyenyane sa hlooho).
12. Foromo ea lipalo bakeng sa molumo oa 'mele o chitja (joalo ka hlooho ea semicircular)
3.1416h2(Rh/3) ke 3.1416×bophahamo×bophahamo×(radius－height÷3).
13. Foromo ea lipalo bakeng sa litekanyo tsa machining tsa lipompo bakeng sa likhoele tse ka hare
1. Palo ea pompo e kholo bophara ba D0
D0=D＋(0.866025P/8)×(0.5~1.3) ke boholo ba motheo ba khoele e kholo ea bophara ba pompo + 0.866025 pitch ÷ 8×0.5 to 1.3.
Tlhokomeliso: Khetho ea 0.5 ho isa ho 1.3 e lokela ho netefatsoa ho latela boholo ba molumo. Ha boleng ba molumo bo le boholo, coefficient e nyane e lokela ho sebelisoa. Ho fapana le hoo, ha boleng ba molumo bo le nyane, ho lokela ho sebelisoe coefficient e kholoanyane.
2. Palo ea bophara ba pompo ea molumo (D2)
D2=(3×0.866025P)/8, ke hore, tap diameter=3×0.866025×pitch÷8
3. Palo ea bophara ba pompo (D1)
D1=(5×0.866025P)/8 ke bophara ba pompo = 5×0.866025×pitch÷8
14. Foromo ea lipalo bakeng sa bolelele ba lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang bakeng sa ho etsa lihlooho tse batang ka libopeho tse fapaneng
Hoa tsebahala hore foromo ea molumo oa selikalikoe ke bophara × bophara × 0.7854 × bolelele kapa radius× radius × 3.1416 × bolelele. Ke hore, d2×0.7854×L kapa R2×3.1416×L
Ha ho baloa, bophahamo ba modumo X÷diameter÷diameter÷0.7854 kapa X÷radius÷radius÷3.1416 ea thepa e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho sebetsa.likarolo tsa mochini oa cnclelikarolo tse fetolang cncke bolelele ba thepa.
Foromo ea kholomo = X/(3.1416R2) kapa X/0.7854d2
X ka foromo e emela boleng ba molumo oa thepa e hlokahalang;
L e emela bolelele ba boleng ba phepo ea sebele;
R/d e emetse radius kapa bophara ba phepelo ea 'nete.
Nako ea poso: Jan-11-2023