Mochini o 'nile oa sebetsa bophelo bohle ba hae, 4.4 le 8.8 holim'a bolt e bolela'ng?

Kamora ho sebetsa joalo ka mochini ka lilemo tse ngata hakana, ha oa tlameha ho tseba moelelo oa lileibole tse holim'a likurufu, na ha ho joalo?

Likarolo tsa ts'ebetso ea liboutu bakeng sa khokahano ea sebopeho sa tšepe li arotsoe ka limaraka tse fetang 10 tse kang 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, 12.9, joalo-joalo Har'a bona, liboutu tsa sehlopha sa 8.8 le ho feta li entsoe. ea tšepe e nang le carbon alloy e tlaase kapa e bohareng ba k'habone 'me e phekoloa ka mocheso (ho tima, ho futhumatsa), tse tsejoang ka hore ke liboutu tse matla haholo, tse ling kaofela li tsejoa e le liboutu tse tloaelehileng. Leibole ea boemo ba ts'ebetso ea bolt e na le likarolo tse peli tsa linomoro, tse emelang boleng ba matla a tensile le karolelano ea chai ea thepa ea bolt ka ho latellana. Mohlala:
Liboutu tsa sehlopha sa thepa 4.6 li bolela:
Matla a ho sisinyeha ka lebitso a thepa ea bolt a fihla ho 400MPa;
Karolelano ea lihlahisoa tsa thepa ea bolt ke 0,6;
Matla a tlhahiso ea matla a thepa ea bolt ke 400×0.6=240MPa.
Boemo ba ts'ebetso 10.9 liboutu tse matla a phahameng, kamora kalafo ea mocheso, li ka fihlela:
Matla a ho sisinyeha ka lebitso a thepa ea bolt a fihla ho 1000MPa;
Karolelano ea lihlahisoa tsa thepa ea bolt ke 0,9;
Matla a tlhahiso ea tlhaho ea thepa ea bolt ke 1000×0.9=900MPa.

Moelelo oa boemo ba ts'ebetso ea bolt ke maemo a machaba. Liboutu tsa boemo bo ts'oanang ba ts'ebetso, ho sa tsotelehe phapang ea lintho tse bonahalang le tšimoloho, li na le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang, 'me ke sehlopha sa ts'ebetso feela se ka khethoang moralong.
Seo ho thoeng ke limaraka tsa matla a 8.8 le 10.9 se bolela hore ho hanyetsa khatello ea ho kuta ea bolt ke 8.8GPa le 10.9GPa
8.8 Nominal tensile matla 800N/MM2 Matla a tlhahiso ea mabitso 640N/MM2
Liboutu tse akaretsang li sebelisa "XY" ho bonts'a matla, X*100=matla a thata a bolt ena, X*100*(Y/10)=matla a tlhahiso ea bolt ena (hobane ho latela melaoana: ho fana ka matla/matla a thata =Y /10)
Mohlala, sehlopha sa 4.8, matla a khoheli a bolt ena ke: 400MPa; matla a tlhahiso ke: 400*8/10=320MPa.
E 'ngoe: liboutu tsa tšepe tse sa hloekang hangata li tšoauoa joalo ka A4-70, A2-70, moelelo o hlalosoa ka tsela e fapaneng.
lekanya
Ho na le likarolo tse peli tse kholo tsa tekanyo ea bolelele lefatšeng kajeno, e 'ngoe ke metric system,' me unit of measure ke metriki (m), centimeters (cm), millimeters (mm), joalo-joalo. Mofuta ke tsamaiso ea borena, le yuniti ea tekanyo ke haholo-holo lisenthimithara, e leng e lekanang le 'maraka inch ea tsamaiso ea khale naheng ea heso,' me e sebelisoa haholo United States, Brithani le linaheng tse ling tsa Europe le Amerika.
Tekanyo ea metric: (decimal) 1m = 100 cm = 1000 mm
Tekanyo ea borena: (8 tsamaiso) 1 inch = 8 cents 1 inch = 25.4 mm 3/8 × 25.4 = 9.52
Lihlahisoa tse ka tlase ho 1/4 li sebelisa nomoro ea serial ho bontša bophara ba ho letsetsa, joalo ka: 4#, 5#, 6#, 7#, 8#, 10#, 12#

khoele
Khoele ke sebopeho se nang le li-protrusions tse tšoanang tsa helical karolong ea sefapano sa bokantle bo tiileng ba kantle kapa bo kahare. Ho latela litšoaneleho tsa eona tsa sebopeho le ts'ebeliso, e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e meraro:
Tlhale e tlwaelehileng: Sebopeho sa leino se kgutlotharo mme se sebedisetswa ho hokela kapa ho tiisa dikarolo. Likhoele tse tloaelehileng li arotsoe ka mefuta e 'meli: khoele e mahoashe le khoele e ntle ho ea ka molumo, 'me matla a khoele a khoele e ntle a phahame.
Khoele ea phetiso: Ho na le libopeho tsa leino la trapezoidal, rectangular, sebopeho sa sakha le meno a mararo.
Khoele ea ho tiisa: e sebelisetsoang ho tiisa khokahano, haholo-holo khoele ea phala, khoele e tapered le khoele ea peipi e tapered.
Hlopha ka sebopeho:

Sehlopha se lekanang le khoele

Khoele e lekanang ke boholo bo hlephileng kapa bo thata pakeng tsa likhoele tse sehiloeng, 'me boemo ba ho lekana ke motsoako o boletsoeng oa ho kheloha le ho mamellana ho sebetsanang le likhoele tse ka hare le tsa ka ntle.
1. Bakeng sa likhoele tse kopaneng tsa inch, ho na le limaraka tse tharo tsa likhoele tsa likhoele tse kantle: 1A, 2A le 3A, le limaraka tse tharo tsa likhoele tse ka hare: 1B, 2B le 3B, tseo kaofela e leng li-clearance fit. Ha palo ea litekanyetso e phahame, e tiisa ho lekana. Ka likhoele tsa lisenthimithara, kheloha e hlalositsoe feela bakeng sa limaraka tsa 1A le 2A, kheloho ea kereiti ea 3A ke zero, ’me kheloha ea kereiti ea limaraka tsa 1A le 2A e lekana. E kholoanyane palo ea maemo, e nyenyane mamello.
Lihlopha tsa 1A le 1B, lihlopha tsa mamello tse hlephileng haholo, tse loketseng ho mamellana ha likhoele tsa ka hare le tsa ka ntle.
Kereiti ea 2A le 2B ke limaraka tse tloahelehileng ka ho fetesisa tse boletsoeng bakeng sa li-fasteners tsa inch series.
Mephato ea 3A le ea 3B, tse kopantsoeng hammoho ho etsa hore ho lekana ka ho fetisisa, li loketse li-fasteners tse thata, 'me li sebelisoa ho meralo ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa.
Bakeng sa likhoele tsa kantle, limaraka tsa 1A le 2A li na le mamello e lekaneng, sehlopha sa 3A ha se na mamello. Mamello ea 1A ke 50% e kholo ho feta mamello ea 2A le 75% e kholo ho feta mamello ea 3A. Bakeng sa khoele ea ka hare, mamello ea 2B ke 30% e kholo ho feta mamello ea 2A. Sehlopha sa 1B se seholo ho feta sehlopha sa 2B ka 50% le 75% se seholo ho feta sehlopha sa 3B.
2. Likhoele tsa metric, ho na le lihlopha tse tharo tsa likhoele bakeng sa likhoele tse ka ntle: 4h, 6h le 6g, le lihlopha tse tharo tsa khoele bakeng sa likhoele tse ka hare: 5H, 6H, 7H. (Mokhahlelo oa ho nepahala ha khoele ea Sejapane o arotsoe ka limaraka tse tharo: I, II, le III, ’me hangata ke kereiti ea II.) Ho khoele ea metric, kheloho ea motheo ea H le h ke lefela. Phapang ea mantlha ea G ke positive, 'me kheloha ea mantlha ea e, f, le g ke mpe.
H ke sebaka se tloaelehileng sa mamello bakeng sa likhoele tsa ka hare, 'me hangata ha e sebelisoe e le ho roala holim'a metsi, kapa ho sebelisoa lesela le tšesaane haholo la phosphating. Phapang ea mantlha ea boemo ba G e sebelisoa liketsahalong tse khethehileng, joalo ka ho roala ho teteaneng, ho sa sebelisoeng seoelo.
g e atisa ho sebelisoa ho apara seaparo se tšesaane sa 6-9um. Ka mohlala, setšoantšo sa sehlahisoa se hloka bolt ea 6h, 'me khoele pele e roala e sebelisa sebaka sa mamello sa 6g.
Khoele e lekanang hantle e kopantsoe ho H/g, H/h kapa G/h. Bakeng sa likhoele tse hloekisitsoeng tse kang liboutu le linate, maemo a khothaletsa ho lekana 6H/6g.
3. Ho tšoaea likhoele
Mekhahlelo e ka sehloohong ea li-geometric tsa likhoele tsa ho itlama le ho itšeha
1. Bophara bo boholo/leino le ka ntle la leino (d1): Ke bophara bo inahaneloang ba cylindrical ea ho iketsahalla feela ha likhoele. Bophara bo boholo ba khoele ha e le hantle bo emela bophara bo sa reroang ba boholo ba khoele.
2. Bophara bo bonyenyane/ bophara ba motso (d2): Ke bophara ba silindara e inahaneloang moo motso oa khoele o kopanang teng.
3. Sebaka sa meno (p): sebaka sa axial pakeng tsa meno a bapileng a tsamaellanang le lintlha tse peli holim'a meridian e bohareng. Tsamaisong ea borena, sekontiri se phahameng se bontšoa ke palo ea meno ka inch (25.4mm).
Lintlha tse latelang li thathamisa lintlha tse tloaelehileng tsa molumo (metric) le palo ea meno (ea borena)
1) Metric ea ho itšebetsa:
Litlhaloso: S T1.5, S T1.9, S T2.2, S T2.6, S T2.9, S T3.3, S T3.5, S T3.9, S T4.2, S T4. 8, S T5.5, S T6.3, S T8.0, S T9.5
Phatlalatso: 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 1.1, 1.3, 1.3, 1.3, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 1.8, 2.1, 2.1
2) Ho ipeha ka inch:
Litlhaloso: 4#, 5#, 6#, 7#, 8#, 10#, 12#, 14#
Palo ea meno: AB meno 24, 20, 20, 19, 18, 16, 14, 14
Leino 24, 20, 18, 16, 15, 12, 11, 10