Kushanda kweCNC muchina wemidziyo yemidziyo yakanyatsobatanidzwa nekurongeka kwayo, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha kumakambani pakutenga kana kugadzira maturusi akadaro. Nekudaro, huchokwadi hwematurusi mazhinji emichina mitsva kazhinji anotadza kusvika pazviyero zvinodiwa pakubuda mufekitori. Pamusoro pezvo, kuitika kwemakanika kumhanya-mukati uye kupfeka panguva yekushandiswa kwenguva refu kunosimbisa kukosha kwakakosha kwekugadzirisa iko kurongeka kweCNC muchina maturusi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuita kwakakwana kwekugadzira.
1. Backlash muripo
Kuderedza Kudzokera Mukati meCNC maturusi emuchina, zvikanganiso zvinobva kune zvakadzokera kumashure zvakafa zvezvikamu zvekutyaira pane cheni yekufambisa yekudya kweiyo axis inorongedzerwa uye kudzoreredzwa kwese kwega kwega kwemuchina mafambiro ekufambisa maviri kunotungamira mukutsauka sezvo imwe neimwe inorongedza axis shanduko kubva kumberi kuenda kumashure inofamba. Uku kutsauka, kunozivikanwawo sereverse clearance kana kurasika simba, kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kurongeka kwenzvimbo uye kudzokorora kurongeka kwenzvimbo yemuchina kana semi-yakavharwa-loop servo masisitimu akashandiswa. Uyezve, kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kwekinematic pair clearances nekuda kwekupfeka nekufamba kwenguva kunotungamirira kukuwedzera kunoenderana nekutsauka. Naizvozvo, kuyerwa kwenguva dzose uye muripo wekutsauka kwekudzokera kune imwe neimwe yakarongeka axis yemuchina wemuchina zvakakosha.
Kuyera Backlash
Kuti utarise kutsauka kubva kumashure, tanga mukati merwendo rweiyo coordination axis. Chekutanga, misa nzvimbo yereferensi nekufambisa chinhambwe chakatarwa munzira yekumberi kana kumashure. Uchitevera izvi, buritsa chaiyo yekufamba kuraira munzira imwechete kuvhara imwe chinhambwe. Tevere, enderera mberi nekufambisa chinhambwe chimwechete kune chakapesana uye woona musiyano uripo pakati pereferenzi uye kumisa zvinzvimbo. Kazhinji, zviyero zvakawanda (kazhinji zvinomwe) zvinoitiswa munzvimbo nhatu padyo nepakati uye zvese zvakanyanyisa zverwendo. Hukoshi hweavhareji hunozoverengerwa panzvimbo yega yega, nehupamhi pakati peavhareji iyi inoshandiswa seyero yekutsveyamisa kumashure. Zvakakosha kufambisa chinhambwe panguva yezviyero kunyatsoona kukosha kwekutsauka.
Paunenge uchiongorora kutsauswa kwakadzoserwa kweiyo mutsara inofamba axis, zvakajairika kushandisa dial chiratidzo kana dial gauge seyeyero chishandiso. Kana mamiriro ezvinhu achibvumira, dual-frequency laser interferometer inogona zvakare kushandiswa kune chinangwa ichi. Paunenge uchishandisa dial chiratidzo chezviyero, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti chigadziko chemita uye tsinde hachiwedzere zvakanyanya, sezvo cantilever yakareba panguva yekuyera inogona kuita kuti chigadziko chemita chifambe nekuda kwekumanikidza, zvichiita kuti kuve nekusaverengeka kwekuverenga uye kusingagoneke muripo wemitengo.
Kushandisa nzira yekuyera yekuyera kunogona kusimudzira kureruka uye huchokwadi hwekuita. Semuyenzaniso, kuti utarise kutsauswa kwe-reverse kwe-X-axis pa-3-coordinate vertical machine tool, maitiro anogona kutanga nekutsikirira mita pakatarisana necylindrical surface ye spindle, inoteverwa nekufambisa chirongwa chakasarudzwa chekuyera.
N10G91G01X50F1000; fambisa workbench kurudyi
N20X-50;iyo worktable inofamba ichienda kuruboshwe kuti ibvise gap rekutapurirana
N30G04X5; kumbomira kuti uone
N40Z50; Z-axis yakasimudzwa uye kubva munzira
N50X-50: Workbench inoenda kuruboshwe
N60X50: Workbench inofamba kurudyi uye reset
N70Z-50: Z axis reset
N80G04X5: Kumbomira kuti uone
N90M99;
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mibairo yakayerwa inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekumhanya kwakasiyana kwekushanda kwebhenji rebasa. Kazhinji, kukosha kwakayerwa pakumhanya kwakaderera kwakakura kupfuura kuya kwekumhanya kwakanyanya, kunyanya kana muchina wekushandisa axis mutoro uye kuramba kwekufamba kwakakura. Pakumhanya kwakadzikira, tafura yekushanda inofamba zvishoma nezvishoma, zvichiita kuti pasave nemukana wekudarika nekupfuura, nokudaro ichipa kukosha kwepamusoro kwakayerwa. Nekune rumwe rutivi, pakumhanya kwepamusoro, overshoot uye overtravel zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwekukurumidza worktable kumhanya, zvichikonzera kukosha kudiki kuyerwa. Iyo yekuyera nzira yekutsveruka kweakisi yeinotenderera inotenderera inotevera maitiro akafanana neayo eiyo mutsara axis, nemusiyano wega uri chiridzwa chinoshandiswa pakuona.
Kubhadharira Backlash
Maturusi mazhinji emuchina weCNC akagadzirwa munyika anoratidza kurongeka kweanopfuura 0.02mm, asi achishaya mukana wekuripa. Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, hunyanzvi hwekugadzira hunogona kushandiswa kuita imwe-nzira yekumisikidza uye kubvisa backlash kune akadaro muchina maturusi. Chero bedzi iyo mechanical component inoramba isina kuchinjwa, kutanga interpolation processing inogoneka kana yakaderera-speed, imwe-nzira yekumisikidza inosvika painotangira kududzira. Paunenge uchisangana nereverse direction panguva yeinterpolation feed, kushandura zviri pamutemo kukosha kwereverse clearance kune mukana wekusimudzira iko kurongeka kwekududzira uye kusangana nemazvo.cnc milled chikamu's kushivirira zvinodiwa.
Kune mamwe marudzi eCNC muchina maturusi, akawanda ndangariro kero muCNC mudziyo anowanzo gadzirirwa kuchengetedza kukosha kwekumashure kweakisi imwe neimwe. Kana axis yemuchina wemuchina inotungamirwa kuti ichinje mafambiro ayo, CNC mudziyo unozotora otomatiki kukosha kwekudzokera shure kweaxis, iyo inotsiva nekugadzirisa iyo coordination displacement command value. Izvi zvinova nechokwadi chekuti mudziyo wemuchina unogona kunyatsomira panzvimbo yekuraira uye zvinoderedza kushata kwekutsauka kwekudzokera kumashure pakurongeka kwechishandiso chemuchina.
Kazhinji, CNC masisitimu akashongedzerwa neimwe inowanikwa backlash muripo kukosha. Kuenzanisa yakakwira- uye yakaderera-yekumhanyisa kufamba kwakaringana, pamwe nekugadzirisa kuvandudzwa kwemichina, inova yakaoma. Uyezve, kukosha kwekutsauka kwakayerwa panguva yekufamba nekukurumidza kunogona kushandiswa chete semuripo wemuripo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuwana kuenzana pakati pekukasira kwekumisikidza kurongeka uye kududzira chaiko panguva yekucheka kunoratidza kuve kwakaoma.
Kune masisitimu eCNC akadai seFANUC0i neFANUC18i, kune nzira mbiri dziripo dzekudzosera kumashure muripo wekukurumidza kufamba (G00) uye inononoka-kumhanya yekucheka chikafu chekufambisa (G01). Zvichienderana nenzira yakasarudzwa yekudyisa, iyo CNC sisitimu inozvisarudzira uye inoshandisa akasiyana muripo hunhu kuti uwane yakagadziridzwa kugadzirisa kwayo.
Kukosha kwekudzokera kumashure A, kunowanikwa kubva kuG01 yekucheka chikafu chekufambisa, kunofanirwa kuiswa muparameter NO11851 (iyo G01 yekuyedza kumhanya inofanirwa kutariswa zvichienderana neanowanzo shandiswa kucheka chikafu kumhanya uye muchina chishandiso hunhu), nepo backlash kukosha B kubva kuG00 inofanirwa kuiswa. mu parameter NO11852. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kana iyo CNC system ichitsvaga kuita zvakasiyana yakatsanangurwa reverse backlash muripo, nhamba yechina (RBK) yeparameter nhamba 1800 inofanira kuiswa ku1; kana zvisina kudaro, muripo wakasiyana wakatsanangurwa reverse backlash hauzoitwe. Gap muripo. G02, G03, JOG, uye G01 ese anoshandisa kukosha kwakafanana kwemuripo.
Muripo wePitch Errors
Iyo chaiyo yekumisikidzwa kweCNC muchina maturusi anosanganisira kuongororwa kwechokwadi icho chinofambiswa zvikamu zvemuchina chishandiso chinogona kusvika pasi pekuraira kweCNC system. Uku kurongeka kunoita basa rakakosha mukusiyanisa CNC muchina maturusi kubva kune akajairwa. Yakabatana neiyo geometric chaiyo yemuchina chishandiso, inokanganisa zvakanyanya kuchekwa kwekucheka, kunyanya mugomba machining. Iko kukanganisa kwepitch mukuboora gomba kune kukanganisa kukuru. Iko kugona kweCNC muchina chishandiso kuongorora kwayo kugadzirisa kwayo kunoenderana nekuwanikwa kwenzvimbo. Naizvozvo, kucherechedzwa uye kugadziridzwa kweiyo yekumisikidza kurongeka kweCNC muchina maturusi matanho akakosha kuti ave nechokwadi chekugadzirisa mhando.
Pitch Measurement process
Parizvino, nzira yekutanga yekuongorora uye kubata maturusi emuchina ndeye kushandiswa kwemaviri-frequency laser interferometers. Aya mainterferometer anoshanda pamisimboti yelaser interferometry uye anoshandisa iyo chaiyo-nguva laser wavelength sereferensi yekuyera, nekudaro ichiwedzera kuyerwa kwechiyero uye kuwedzera huwandu hwemashandisirwo.
Iyo nzira yekuona nhanho ndeyekutevera:
- Isa iyo mbiri-frequency laser interferometer.
- Isa chiyereso chekuyeresa padivi peakisi yemuchina wemudziyo unoda kuyerwa.
- Rongedza musoro welaser kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chiyero chekuyera chingave chakafanana kana collinear neyekufamba axis yemuchina wemuchina, nekudaro kufanorongedza nzira yekuona.
- Pinza zviyero zvekuyera kana laser yasvika tembiricha yayo yekushandisa.
- Ita iyo yakatemerwa kuyerwa maitiro nekufambisa mudziyo wemuchina.
- Gadzirisa data uye gadzira mhedzisiro.
Pitch Kukanganisa Kubhadhara uye Otomatiki Calibration
Kana iyo yakayerwa yekumisikidza kukanganisa kweCNC muchina chishandiso ichipfuura iyo inotenderwa renji, panodiwa kugadzirisa iko kukanganisa. Imwe nzira yakatekeshera inosanganisira komputa tafura yekuripisa chikanganiso uye nekuipinza nemaoko muCNC system yemuchina wekugadzirisa kukanganisa kwekumisikidza. Nekudaro, muripo wemawoko unogona kutora nguva uye kukonzeresa kukanganisa, kunyanya kana uchibata neakawanda mapoinzi emuripo pamatemo matatu kana mana eCNC muchina chishandiso.
Kugadzirisa hurongwa uhu, mhinduro yakagadzirwa. Nekubatanidza komputa uye muchina weCNC controller kuburikidza neRS232 interface uye leveraging otomatiki calibration software yakagadzirwa muVB, zvinokwanisika kuwiriranisa laser interferometer uye CNC muchina chishandiso. Uku kuwiriranisa kunogonesa kuonesa otomatiki kweiyo CNC muchina wekushandisa chinzvimbo uye kuita otomatiki pitch kukanganisa muripo. Nzira yekubhadhara inosanganisira:
- Kugadzira backup yeiyo iripo muripo paramita muCNC control system.
- Kugadzira chishandiso chemuchina CNC chirongwa cheyero-ne-poinzi yekumisikidza kuyerwa uchishandisa komputa, inozoendeswa kuCNC system.
- Kuyera otomatiki kukanganisa kwekumisikidza kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe.
- Kugadzira seti nyowani yemaparamendi emuripo zvichienderana neakafanotemerwa muripo mapoinzi uye nekuaendesa kuCNC system yekubhadharisa otomatiki pitch.
- Kuongorora chokwadi kakawanda.
Idzi mhinduro dzakananga dzinovavarira kusimudzira kurongeka kweCNC muchina maturusi. Zvakadaro, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti iko kurongeka kweakasiyana CNC muchina maturusi anogona kusiyana. Nekuda kweizvozvo, maturusi emuchina anofanirwa kuverengerwa zvichienderana nemamiriro avo ega.
Kana muripo wekukanganisa ukasaitwa pamuchina wemuchina, uchave nemhedzisiro yei pazvikamu zveCNC zvinogadzirwa?
Kana kukanganisa kubhadharwa kukaregeredzwa pamuchina wekushandisa, zvinogona kukonzera kusawirirana muCNC zvikamuyakagadzirwa. Semuyenzaniso, kana chishandiso chemuchina chiine chikanganiso chisina kugadziriswa, chinzvimbo chechokwadi chechishandiso kana chishandiso chinogona kupatsanurwa kubva panzvimbo yakarongwa inotsanangurwa muchirongwa cheCNC, zvichikonzera kusakwana uye kukanganisa kwejometri muzvikamu zvinogadzirwa.
Semuyenzaniso, kana CNC chigayo muchina ane unadjusted Positioning kukanganisa mu X-axis, milled slots kana maburi ari workpiece anogona kuva misaligned kana kuva zvimiro zvisirizvo. Saizvozvo, mukushanda kwelathe, zvikanganiso zvekuisa zvisina kurongeka zvinogona kukonzera kusarongeka mudhayamita kana kureba kwezvikamu zvakashandurwa. Misiyano iyi inogona kutungamira kune zvisingaite zvikamu zvinotadza
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Nguva yekutumira: Jan-09-2024