Tsanangudzo yeMechanical Knowledge naAnebon
Ruzivo rweMechanical kugona kunzwisisa uye kushandisa akasiyana mechanics pfungwa, misimboti uye maitiro. Ruzivo rweMechanical runosanganisira kunzwisiswa kwemichina, michina uye zviwanikwa pamwe nemidziyo uye maitiro. Izvi zvinosanganisira ruzivo rwemisimboti yemakina, senge simba uye kufamba, simba uye masisitimu emagiya nemapulleys. Mechanical engineering ruzivo runosanganisira dhizaini, kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa matambudziko, pamwe nemakanika engineering misimboti. Ruzivo rweMechanical rwakakosha kune akawanda maprofessionals uye maindasitiri anoshanda nemakanika masisitimu. Izvi zvinosanganisira engineering, kugadzira uye kuvaka.
1. Ndeapi mamodhi ekutadza kwezvikamu zvemakanika?
(1) Kuparara zvachose
(2) Kunyanya kukanganisa zvachose
(3) Chikamu kukanganiswa kwepamusoro
(4) Kusashanda nekuda kwekuvhiringidza kwemaitiro ekushanda nguva dzose
Ndechipi chikonzero chiri shure kwekuda kunowanzodikanwa kweanti-unscrew kune ma threaded connections?
Ndeipi pfungwa huru yeanti-unscrew?
Ndedzipi nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dziripo dzekudzivirira kusunungura?
Mhinduro:
Kazhinji, iyo yakarukwa yekubatanidza inogona kuzadzisa maitiro ekuzvivharira uye haizosununguke zvega. Nekudaro, mumamiriro ezvinhu anosanganisira kuzununguka, kurema, kana kuchinjika kwakanyanya kwetembiricha, pane mukana wekuti inobatanidza nati isununguke zvishoma nezvishoma. Chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti shinda isununguke chiri mukutenderera kuri pakati pemashinda. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvakakosha kusanganisa matanho ekurwisa-kusunungura mudhizaini chaiyo.
Nzira dzinonyanya kushandiswa dzinosanganisira:
1. friction-based anti-loosening - kuchengetedza friction pakati peshinda dzepairi kudzivirira kusunungura, sekushandisa maspring washer uye nzungu mbiri kudivi rekumusoro;
2. Mechanical anti-loosening - utilizing obstructivemachined componentskuvimbisa anti-kusunungura, kazhinji kushandisa slotted nzungu uye cotter pini, pakati pezvimwe;
3. Kuvhiringidza-kwakavakirwa kurwisa-kusunungura kwetambo mbiri - kugadzirisa uye kushandura hukama pakati petambo dzeshinda, sekuburikidza nekushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hwekukanganisa.
Ndechipi chinangwa chekuomesera mumatambo ane threaded?
Pkupa nzira dzakawanda dzekudzora simba rinoshandiswa.
Mhinduro:
Chinangwa chiri kuseri kwekusimbisa mumatambo akaiswa tambo ndeyekubvumidza mabhaudhi kuti abudise pre-kuomesa simba. Iyi pre-tightening process inovavarira kuwedzera kuvimbika uye kusimba kwekubatanidza kudzivirira chero mapeji kana hukama hwekufamba pakati pezvikamu zvakabatana pasi pemamiriro ekurodha. Maitiro maviri anoshanda ekudzora simba rekusimbisa ari kushandisa chipanera che torque kana chipanera che torque chinogara chiripo. Kana torque inodiwa yasvika, inogona kuvharwa munzvimbo. Neimwe nzira, kurebesa kwebhaudhi kunogona kuyerwa kudzora pre-kuomesa simba.
Elastic sliding inosiyana sei nekutsvedza mumabhandi madhiraivha?
Mukugadzirwa kweV-belt drive, nei paine muganhu pane dhayamita diki yepulley diki?
Mhinduro:
Elastic sliding inomiririra hunhu hwemabhandi madhiraivha asingagoni kudzivirirwa. Zvinoitika kana paine mutsauko mukunetsana uye iyo bhandi zvinhu pachayo iri elastomer. Kune rimwe divi, skidding imhando yekutadza inomuka nekuda kwekuremedza uye inofanirwa kudzivirirwa nechero mutengo.
Kunyanya, skidding inoitika padiki pulley. Kuwedzera mitoro yekunze kunotungamirira kune mutsauko mukuru mukukakavadzana pakati pemativi maviri, izvo zvinozoguma nekuwedzera kwenzvimbo iyo elastic sliding inoitika. Elastic sliding inomiririra shanduko yehuwandu, nepo kutsvedza kuchireva shanduko yehunhu. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kudzivirira skidding, pane muganhu pane dhayamita diki yepulley diki, sezvo diki dhayamita dhayamita zvichiguma nemakona madiki ekuputira uye kuderedzwa kwekusangana nzvimbo, zvichiita kuti kutsvedza kuwedzere kuitika.
Iko kumhanya kwekutsvedza kwenzvimbo yemazino kunodyidzana sei nekubatikana kunotenderwa kushushikana kwegrey cast iron nealuminium-iron bronze turbines?
Mhinduro:
Iyo inotenderwa yekubata kushushikana kwegrey cast iron uye aluminium-iron bhuronzi turbines inokonzerwa nekutsvedza kwekumhanya kwenzvimbo yezino nekuda kweiyo yakakosha kutadza modhi inozivikanwa sezino pamusoro pekunamatira. Adhesion inobatwa zvakananga nekutsvedza kumhanya, nekudaro ichikanganisa inobvumidzwa yekubata kushushikana. Kune rimwe divi, iyo huru yekutadza maitiro ekukanda tin bronze turbines mazino epamusoro makomba, ayo anokonzerwa nekusangana kushushikana. Naizvozvo, iyo inotenderwa yekubata kushushikana haina hukama nekutsvedza kumhanya.
Enumereta iyo yakajairwa mitemo yekufamba, maitiro ekuita, uye akakodzera mamiriro eiyo cam mechanism muteveri.
Mhinduro:
Mitemo yekufamba ye cam mechanism muteveri inosanganisira inogara ichimhanya kufamba, dzakasiyana-siyana deceleration motion mitemo, uye nyore harmonic kufamba (cosine acceleration motion mutemo). Iwo wenguva dzose velocity motion mutemo unoratidza kuomarara kukanganisa uye unowana kushanda mune yakaderera-kumhanya uye kureruka-mutoro mamiriro.
Deceleration motion mitemo, kusanganisira kukwidziridzwa nguva dzose, inoratidzira inochinjika maitiro uye inokodzera zviri pakati nepakati-kudzika-kumhanya mamiriro. Nyore harmonic motion (cosine 4-chord acceleration motion law) inopa kupfava kwakapfava kana paine nguva yekumbomira, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanaka kune zvepakati kusvika pasi-kumhanya-mhanya. Muzviitiko zvekumhanya-mhanya pasina nguva dzekuzorora, hapana chinoshanduka chinokanganisa, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune iwo mamiriro.
Pfupisa misimboti yakakosha inodzora mazino profile meshing.
Mhinduro:
Hazvina mhosva kuti maprofiles emazino anosangana kupi, mutsara wakajairwa unopfuura nepanzvimbo yekusangana unofanirwa kupindirana pane imwe nzvimbo pamutsara wepakati. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anoita kuti chiyero chetapurirana chinowirirana chichengetedzwe.
Ndedzipi nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirisa zvikamu pashaft? (pa nzira dzinopfuura ina)
Mhinduro:
Circumferential fixation mikana inosanganisira kushandiswa kwekiyi yekubatanidza, splined connection, interference fit connection, set screw, pini yekubatanidza, uye yekuwedzera joint.
Ndedzipi mhando dzekutanga dzeaxial kugadzirisa matekiniki ekubatanidza zvikamu kune shaft?
Ndeapi maitiro ekusiyanisa chimwe nechimwe? (taura zvinopfuura mana)
Mhinduro:
Axial kugadzirisa nzira dzekubatanidza zvikamu kune shaft inotenderedza akati wandei makiyi mhando, imwe neimwe iine akasiyana maitiro. Izvi zvinosanganisira collar fixation, threaded fixation, hydraulic fixation, uye flange fixation. Kugadziriswa kwekororo kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwekororo kana chivharo chinosungirirwa kumativi e shaft kuchengetedza chikamu axially. Kugadziriswa kweshinda kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwetambo pashaft kana chikamu kuti zvisungirire pamwe chete. Hydraulic fixation inoshandisa hydraulic pressure kugadzira kubatana kwakasimba pakati pechikamu uye shaft. Kugadziriswa kweFlange kunosanganisira kushandiswa kweflange yakasungirirwa kana kuti welded kune iyocnc machining zvikamuuye shaft, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza axial attachment.
Sei zvichidikanwa kuita zviyero zvekupisa zvemadhiraivha akavharirwa worm?
Pindura:
Madhiraivha ehonye akavharirwa anoratidza kutsvedza kwehama uye mwero wakakwira wekukwenya. Nekuda kwekugona kwavo kushomeka kwekupisa kupisa uye kusimba kwenyaya dzekunamatira, kuitisa zviyero zvekupisa zvinova zvakakosha.
Ndeapi maviri masimba ekuverenga dzidziso anoshandiswa mugiya simba kuverenga?
Ndekupi kukundikana kwavari kunanga?
Kana giya rekufambisa richishandisa rakavharika zino rakapfava pamusoro, chii chinonzi dhizaini yekugadzira?
Mhinduro:
Gear simba kuverenga kunosanganisira kuona kusangana kuneta simba remazino pamusoro uye kukotama kuneta simba rezino mudzi. Kubata kuneta simba kune chinangwa chekudzivirira kuneta kwegomba kutadza pamusoro pemazino, uku kukotama kuneta simba kunogadzirisa kuneta kuputsika mumudzi wezino. Iyo giya yekufambisa inoshandisa yakavharwa yakapfava zino pamusoro inoteera dhizaini yekufunga nezve kusimba kwekuneta kwenzvimbo yezino uye nekuona simba rekupetuka kwekuneta kwemudzi wezino.
Ndeapi mabasa anoenderana ekubatanidza uye maclutches?
Vanosiyana sei kubva kune mumwe nemumwe?
Mhinduro:
Zvose zvinobatanidzwa uye maclutches zvinoshanda chinangwa chekubatanidza shafts mbiri kuti igone kutapurirana torque uye kutenderera kwakabatana. Nekudaro, ivo vanosiyana maererano nekugona kwavo kusabatanidzwa panguva yekushanda. Couplings inobatanidza shafts isingagoni kuparadzaniswa ichiri kushandiswa; disconnection yavo inogoneka chete ne disassembling thekushandura zvikamumushure mekuvhara. Kune rimwe divi, maclutches anopa kugona kubata kana kubvisa mashaft maviri chero nguva panguva yekushanda kwemuchina.
Rondedzera zvakakosha zvinodikanwa kuti oiri firimu bearings rishande nemazvo.
Mhinduro:
Nzvimbo mbiri dziri kufamba dzinofanira kumisa gap rakaita seweji; kumhanya kwekutsvedza pakati penzvimbo kunofanirwa kuvimbisa kupinda kwemafuta ekuzora kubva pachiteshi chikuru uye kubuda kubva pachiteshi chidiki; mafuta ekuzora anofanira kunge aine viscosity chaiyo, uye mafuta akakwana anodiwa.
Ipa tsananguro pfupi maererano nezvinorehwa, maficha anosiyanisa, uye mashandisirwo emhando yemhando 7310.
Mhinduro:
Tsanangudzo yekodhi: Iyo kodhi "7" inomiririra bhora rekusangana bhora. Mazita ekuti “(0)” anoreva hupamhi hwakajairwa, ne”0″ iri sarudzo. Nhamba "3" inomiririra mutsara wepakati maererano nedhayamita. Pakupedzisira, "10" inoenderana nemukati mekutakura dhayamita ye50mm.
Zvimiro uye maapplication:
Iyi inotakura modhi inogona panguva imwe chete kutsungirira radial uye axial mitoro mune imwe nzira. Inopa hupamhi hwekumhanya uye inowanzoshandiswa mumaviri.
Mukati meiyo yekufambisa sisitimu inobatanidza giya rekufambisa, bhandi kufambisa, uye cheni kutapurirana, ndeipi mhando yekufambisa inowanzoiswa padanho repamusoro rekumhanya?
Sezvineiwo, ndeipi chikamu chekutumira chakarongedzwa munzvimbo yakaderera yegiya?
Tsanangura chikonzero chegadziriro iyi.
Mhinduro:
Kazhinji, bhandi dhiraivha rinoiswa padanho repamusoro rekumhanya, nepo cheni drive inoiswa munzvimbo yakaderera yegiya. Iyo bhandi dhiraivha inozvirumbidza senge yakagadzika kutapurirana, cushioning, uye kubatwa nekuvhunduka, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha kune mota pakumhanya kwakanyanya. Kune rimwe divi, madhiraivha emaketani anowanzo kuburitsa ruzha panguva yekushanda uye anokodzera zvirinani kune yakaderera-kumhanya mamiriro, nekudaro anowanzo kugoverwa kune yepasi giya giya.
Chii chinokonzeresa iyo isiri-uniform velocity mukufambiswa kweketani?
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvikuru zvinoripesvedzera?
Ndeapi mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukurumidza kutapurirana reshiyo kuramba yakamira?
Mhinduro:
1) Kumhanya kusingaenzaniswi mukufambiswa kweketani kunonyanya kukonzerwa neiyo polygonal mhedzisiro inowanikwa mumaketani mecheni; 2) Zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoikurudzira zvinosanganisira kumhanya kweketani, kurira kweketani, uye sprocket mazino kuverenga; 3) Kana nhamba yemazino pazvipembenene zvikuru nezvidiki zvakaenzana (kureva, z1=z2) uye chinhambwe chepakati pakati pawo chiri chitsama chaicho chepitch (p), chiyero chekutapurirana ipapo chinoramba chiri pa1.
Nei hupamhi hwezino (b1) hwepinioni hwakakura zvishoma pane hupamhi hwezino (b2) regiya hombe mukudzikisa giya recylindrical?
Paunenge uchiverenga simba, hupamhi hwezino coefficient (ψd) inofanira kubva pane b1 kana b2 here? Sei?
Mhinduro:
1) Kudzivirira axial misalignment yegiya nekuda kwekukanganisa kwegungano, iyo meshing zino hupamhi inoderedzwa, zvichiita kuti iwedzere kushanda mutoro. Nekudaro, iyo zino rakafara (b1) yegiya diki rinofanira kunge rakakura zvishoma pane b2 yegiya hombe. Iko kuverenga kwesimba kunofanirwa kuve kwakavakirwa pahupamhi hwezino (b2) yegiya hombe nekuti inomiririra iyo chaiyo yekusangana upamhi kana peya yecylindrical giya inobatana.
Sei dhayamita yepulley diki (d1) ichifanira kuenzana kana kukura kupfuura dhayamita diki (dmin) uye kona yekupeta yevhiri redhiraivha (α1) kuenzana kana kukura kupfuura 120° mukudzikisa bhandi?
Kazhinji, iyo yakakurudzirwa bhandi kumhanya iri pakati pe5 kusvika 25 m/s.
Chii chinonzi cmaosequences kana bhanhire rinomhanya richipfuura nhanho iyi?
Mhinduro:
1) Idiki dhayamita yediki pulley inotungamira kune yakakwira kubhenda kushushikana pabhandi. Kuti udzivise kunyanya kupfugama kushushikana, iyo shoma dhayamita yediki pulley inofanira kuchengetedzwa.
2) Iyo yekuputira angle (α1) yevhiri redhiraivha inokanganisa yakanyanya kunaka tension yebhanhire. Diki α1 inoguma mune yakaderera yakanyanya inoshanda yekudhonza simba. Kuti uwedzere simba rinoshanda rekudhonza uye kudzivirira kutsvedza, kona yekupeta ye α1≥120 ° inowanzokurudzirwa.
3) Kana bhanhire rinomhanya richiwira kunze kwehuwandu hwe5 kusvika ku25 m / s, zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro. Kumhanya pazasi pemhando inogona kuda yakakura inoshanda yekudhonza simba (Fe), zvichitungamira kuwedzera kwenhamba yemabhandi (z) uye yakakura bhandi dhiraivha chimiro. Sezvineiwo, kumhanya kwakanyanyisa kwebhandi kwaizoguma nepamusoro centrifugal simba (Fc), zvichida kungwarira.
Zvakanakira uye zvakaipira helical rolling.
Mhinduro:
Zvakanakira
1) Inoratidza kushoma kupfeka, uye nzira yekugadzirisa inogona kushandiswa kubvisa kubvumidzwa uye kuunza imwe nhanho yepre-deformation, nekudaro ichiwedzera kuomarara uye kuwana yakanyanya kutapurirana chokwadi.
2) Kusiyana nekuzvivharira masisitimu, inokwanisa kushandura mutsara mafambiro kuita inotenderera inofamba.
Zvakaipa
1) Chimiro chakaoma uye chinopa matambudziko mukugadzira.
2) Dzimwe nzira dzinogona kudikanwa imwezve yekuzvivharira nzira kudzivirira kudzoreredza.
Ndeipi musimboti wakakosha wekusarudza makiyi?
Mhinduro:
Pakusarudza makiyi, pane zvinhu zviviri zvakakosha zvinotariswa: rudzi uye saizi. Kusarudzwa kwemhando kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita semagadzirirwo hunhu hwekubatanidza kiyi, zvinodiwa zvekushandisa, uye mamiriro ekushanda.
Kune rimwe divi, saizi kusarudzwa kunofanirwa kuenderana neyakajairwa yakatarwa uye simba zvinodiwa. Ukuru hwekiyi hunosanganisira hupamhi hwe-cross-sectional (key width b * key height h) uye urefu L. Sarudzo ye-cross-sectional dimensions b * h inotarirwa neshaft diameter d, nepo urefu hunokosha L hunogona. kazhinji inotemerwa zvichienderana nehurefu hwehubhu, zvichireva kuti kiyi kureba L haifanire kudarika kureba kwehubhu. Pamusoro pezvo, kune ekutungamira makiyi akafuratira, hub hurefu L' inowanzotenderedza (1.5－2) nguva dzeshaft dhayamita d, tichitarisa kureba kwehubhu uye chinhambwe chekutsvedza.
Anebon inovimba nehunyanzvi hwayo hwehunyanzvi uye inoramba ichigadzira matekinoroji epamberi kuti asangane nezvinodiwa zveCNC simbi kugadzirisa,5 axis cnc kugaya, nekukandwa kwemotokari. Isu tinokoshesa zvikuru mazano ese uye mhinduro. Kuburikidza nekushandira pamwe kwakanaka, tinogona kubudirira pamwe chete nekuvandudza.
Semugadziri weODM muChina, Anebon inonyanya kugadzirisa zvikamu zvealuminium stamping uye zvigadzirwa zvemichina. Parizvino, zvigadzirwa zvedu zvakatengeswa kunze kwenyika dzinopfuura makumi matanhatu nematunhu akasiyana pasi rose, kusanganisira Southeast Asia, Americas, Africa, Eastern Europe, Russia, uye Canada. Anebon yakazvipira kumisikidza hukama hwakakura nevanogona vatengi muChina nedzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-16-2023