Iro bepa rinokurukura misimboti yekutonhora extrusion, ichisimbisa hunhu, kuyerera kwemaitiro, uye zvinodiwa pakugadzira chinongedzo chealuminium alloy shell. Nekugadzirisa chimiro chechikamu uye kumisikidza zvinodiwa zvekudzora zveyakagadzirwa kristaro chimiro, mhando yeinotonhora extrusion process inogona kuvandudzwa. Iyi nzira haingonatsiridza hunhu hwekuumba chete asi zvakare inoderedza kubvumidzwa kwekugadzirisa uye mutengo wakazara.
01 Nhanganyaya
Iyo inotonhora extrusion process inzira isiri yekucheka yekugadzira simbi inoshandisa iyo musimboti wepurasitiki deformation. Mukuita uku, imwe dzvinyiriro inoshandiswa kune simbi mukati me extrusion die mhango patembiricha yekamuri, ichibvumira kumanikidzwa kuburikidza negomba rekufa kana mukaha pakati peconvex uye concave inofa. Izvi zvinoguma nekuumbwa kwechikamu chinodiwa chimiro.
Izwi rekuti "cold extrusion" rinosanganisira nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzira, kusanganisira kutonhora kunowedzera pachayo, kushungurudza, kutsika, kurovera kwakanaka, mutsipa, kupedzisa, uye kutetepa kutambanudza. Mune akawanda maapplication, inotonhora extrusion inoshanda seyekutanga kuumba maitiro, kazhinji inowedzerwa neimwe kana anopfuura ekubatsira maitiro kuburitsa yakapedzwa chikamu chemhando yepamusoro.
Cold extrusion inzira yepamusoro mukugadzirwa kwesimbi epurasitiki uye iri kuramba ichitsiva hunyanzvi hwechinyakare hwakadai sekukanda, kuforoma, kudhirowa, nekucheka. Parizvino, maitiro aya anogona kuiswa kune simbi dzakadai se lead, tin, aruminiyamu, mhangura, zingi uye alloys ayo, pamwe nekabhoni simbi yakaderera, yepakati kabhoni simbi, chishandiso simbi, yakaderera alloy simbi, uye simbi isina tsvina. Kubva kuma1980s, iyo inotonhora extrusion process yakashandiswa zvine mutsindo mukugadzira aruminiyamu alloy shells kune denderedzwa yekubatanidza uye kubva zvino yave yakanyatso dzika nzira.
02 Nheyo, maitiro, uye maitiro einotonhora extrusion process
2.1 Misimboti yechando extrusion
Muchina wekudhinda nekufa unobatana kushandisa simba pasimbi yakaremara, ichigadzira matatu-dimensional compressive stress state munzvimbo yekutanga deformation, iyo inoita kuti simbi yakaremara ipinde mupurasitiki inoyerera nenzira yakafanotemerwa.
Mhedzisiro yeatatu-dimensional compressive stress ndeaya anotevera.
1) Matatu-dimensional compressive stress anogona kudzivirira zvinobudirira kufamba pakati pemakristasi, zvakanyanya kusimudzira deformation yepurasitiki yesimbi.
2) Rudzi urwu rwekushushikana runogona kubatsira kugadzira simbi dzakaremara denser uye kugadzirisa zvinobudirira akasiyana madiki-akatsemuka uye akakanganisa maumbirwo.
3) Matatu-dimensional compressive stress anogona kudzivirira kuumbwa kwekushushikana kwekushushikana, nekudaro kuderedza kukuvadza kunokonzerwa nekusvibiswa mukati mesimbi.
4) Pamusoro pezvo, inogona kurwisa zvakanyanya kushushikana kwekuwedzera kunokonzerwa nekusaenzana deformation, nekudaro kuderedza kukuvadzwa kubva mukushushikana uku.
Munguva yechando extrusion process, iyo yakaremara simbi inoyerera munzira yakatarwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti zviyo zvakakura zvipwanyirwe, nepo zviyo zvakasara uye intergranular zvinhu zvinorebesa zvichitevedza gwara re deformation. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zviyo zvega uye miganhu yezviyo zvinova zvakaoma kusiyanisa uye kuratidzika semitsetse ine fibrous, iyo inonzi inonzi fibrous structure. Kuumbwa kweiyi fibrous chimiro kunowedzera deformation kuramba kwesimbi uye inopa inotungamira mechanicha zvinhu kune inotonhora-yakawedzera zvikamu.
Pamusoro pezvo, iyo retice yekutarisa padivi pesimbi inoyerera nzira inoshanduka kubva kune isina kurongeka kuenda kune yakarairwa nyika, inosimudzira kusimba kwechikamu uye ichitungamira kune anisotropic mechaniki zvivakwa musimbi yakagomara. Munguva yese yekuumba maitiro, zvikamu zvakasiyana zvechikamu zvinosangana nemadhigirii akasiyana e deformation. Kusiyana uku kunoguma nekusiyana kwekuoma kwebasa, izvo zvinozoita kuti zvive zvakasiyana zvakasiyana mumagetsi emagetsi uye kugoverwa kwekuoma.
2.2 Hunhu hwekutonhora extrusion
Iyo inotonhora extrusion process ine zvinotevera maitiro.
1) Cold extrusion inzira yepedyo yekugadzira iyo inogona kubatsira kuchengetedza mbishi.
2) Iyi nzira inoshanda pane tembiricha yekamuri, inoratidzira nguva pfupi yekugadzirisa zvidimbu zvimwechete, inopa hunyanzvi hwepamusoro, uye iri nyore kuita otomatiki.
3) Inochengetedza kurongeka kwezviyero zvakakosha uye inochengetedza hutano hwepamusoro hwezvikamu zvakakosha.
4) Izvo zvinhu zvesimbi zvakaremara zvinokwidziridzwa kuburikidza nechando basa kuomesa uye kugadzirwa kweakazara fiber streamlines.
2.3 Cold extrusion process inoyerera
Iyo yekutanga midziyo inoshandiswa mukutonhora extrusion process inosanganisira inotonhora extrusion-yekugadzira muchina, yekugadzira inofa, uye yekupisa yekupisa moto. Iwo makuru maitiro ndeekuita blank-kugadzira uye kuumba.
(1) Kugadzira pasina:Iyo bhawa inoumbwa kuita inodiwa isina chinhu nekucheka, kushungurudza, uyesimbi sheet stamping, uyezve inonamirwa kugadzirira iyo inotevera inotonhora extrusion kuumba.
(2) Kugadzira:Iyo annealed aluminium alloy blank inoiswa mugomba rekuumbwa. Pasi pechiito chakabatanidzwa chemuchina wekugadzira uye mold, iyo aruminiyamu alloy blank inopinda mumamiriro egoho uye inoyerera zvakanaka mukati menzvimbo yakatarwa yemhango ye mold, ichibvumira kuti itore chimiro chaidiwa. Zvisinei, simba rechikamu chakaumbwa rinogona kusasvika pamazinga akakodzera. Kana simba rakakwirira richidiwa, mamwe marapirwo, akadai seakasimba mhinduro yekupisa kurapwa uye kuchembera (kunyanya kune alloys anogona kusimbiswa kuburikidza nekupisa kurapwa), anodiwa.
Paunenge uchitarisa nzira yekugadzira uye nhamba yekugadzira mapepa, zvakakosha kufunga nezvekuoma kwechikamu uye mabhenji akaiswa ekuwedzera kugadzirisa. Iyo yekuyerera kweiyo J599 yakatevedzana plug uye socket shell inosanganisira anotevera matanho: kucheka → rough kutenderedza pamativi ese → annealing → lubrication → extrusion → kudzima → kutendeuka nekugaya → deburring. Mufananidzo 1 unoratidza kuyerera kwegoko rine flange, nepo Mufananidzo 2 unoratidza kuyerera kwegoko pasina flange.
03 Zvakajairika zviitiko mukutonhora extrusion kuumba
(1) Kuomesa basa ndiyo maitiro apo kusimba uye kuoma kwesimbi yakaremara kunowedzera apo plastiki yayo inoderera chero bedzi deformation ichiitika pazasi recrystallization tembiricha. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana mwero we deformation uchikwira, simbi inova yakasimba nekuoma asi isingagoneke. Kuomesa basa inzira inoshanda yekusimbisa simbi dzakasiyana-siyana, senge ngura-proof aluminium alloys uye austenitic Stainless simbi.
(2) Thermal Effect: Muinotonhora extrusion yekugadzira maitiro, mazhinji esimba rinoshandiswa pakuita deformation rinoshandurwa kuita kupisa. Munzvimbo dzine deformation yakakura, tembiricha inogona kusvika pakati pe200 ne300 ° C, kunyanya panguva yekukurumidza uye inoenderera kugadzirwa, uko kuwedzera kwekushisa kunotonyanya kutaurwa. Izvi zvinopisa zvinokonzeresa zvakanyanya kuyerera kweese ma lubricant uye simbi dzakaremara.
(3) Munguva yechando extrusion kugadzira maitiro, kune maviri makuru marudzi ekushushikana musimbi yakakanganiswa: basic stress uye kuwedzera kushushikana.
04 Maitiro ekuda kutonhora extrusion
Tichifunga nezve nyaya dziripo mukugadzirwa kweinotonhora extrusion ye6061 aluminium alloy connector shells, zvinodiwa chaizvo zvinotangwa maererano nechimiro chayo, mbishi, nezvimwe.lathe processproperties.
4.1 Zvinodiwa pahupamhi hweiyo yekuseri-yakachekwa groove yemukati gomba kiyi
Upamhi hwegororo-yakachekwa-chekwa mugomba remukati kiyi inofanira kunge iine 2.5 mm. Kana zvipingamupinyi zvemaumbirwo zvichidzika hupamhi uhwu, hupamhi hunogamuchirwa hunofanira kunge hwakakura kupfuura 2 mm. Mufananidzo 3 unoratidza kuenzanisa kwegororo-rakachekwa-chekwa mugomba remukati kiyi yegoko pamberi uye mushure mekuvandudzwa. Mufananidzo 4 unoratidza kuenzanisa kwegorofu kusati kwaitwa uye mushure mekuvandudzwa, kunyanya kana kukadzikiswa nekufunga kwemaitiro.
4.2 Single-kiyi kureba uye maumbirwo zvinodiwa pagomba remukati
Isai groove yekucheka kumashure kana chamfer mukati megomba remukati. Mufananidzo 5 unoratidza kuenzanisa kwegomba remukati regoko risati rawedzerwa uye mushure mekuwedzera kwegororo rekucheka kumashure, nepo Mufananidzo 6 unoratidza kufananidzwa kwegomba remukati regoko pamberi uye mushure mekunge chamfer yawedzerwa.
4.3 Pazasi zvinodiwa zvemukati gomba bofu groove
Chamfers kana back-cuts inowedzerwa mukati megomba mapofu grooves. Mufananidzo 7 unoratidza kuenzanisa kwegomba remukati megomba remapofu groove pamberi uye mushure mekunge chamfer yawedzerwa.
4.4 Zvinodiwa zvepasi peiyo yekunze cylindrical kiyi
Girazi rekuyamura rakaiswa muzasi peiyo yekunze cylindrical kiyi yeimba. Kuenzanisa kusati kwaitwa uye mushure mekuwedzera kwegorofu yekuyamura inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 8.
4.5 Raw zvinhu zvinodiwa
Iyo kristaro chimiro cheiyo mbishi zvinhu zvakanyanya kukanganisa kunaka kwepamusoro kunowanikwa mushure mekutonhora extrusion. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mazinga emhando yepamusoro asangana, zvakakosha kumisikidza zvinodiwa zvekutonga kweiyo raw material's crystal chimiro. Kunyanya, iyo yakakura inobvumirwa dimension ye coarse crystal mhete kune rumwe rutivi rwezvinhu zvakasvibirira inofanira kuva ≤ 1 mm.
4.6 Zvinodiwa zvekudzika-kusvika-dhayamita reshiyo yegomba
Kudzika-kusvika-dhayamita reshiyo yegomba inodiwa kuve ≤3.
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Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-03-2024