Nzira yekuverenga sei kumhanya kwekucheka uye kudyisa kumhanya kweCNC machining Center?

Kucheka kumhanya uye kudyisa kumhanya kweCNC machining Center:

 

1: kumhanya kwe spindle = 1000vc / π D

 

2. Maximum cutting cutting ye general tools (VC): high-speed steel 50 m / min; super yakaoma chishandiso 150 m / min; coated tool 250 m / min; ceramic diamond tool 1000 m / min 3 kugadzirisa alloy simbi Brinell kuoma = 275-325 high-speed steel tool vc = 18m / min; cemented carbide tool vc = 70m / min (chinyorwa = 3mm; chiyero chekudya f = 0.3mm / R)CNC inoshandura chikamu

  

Pane nzira mbiri dzekuverenga dzespindle kumhanya, sezvinoratidzwa mumuenzaniso unotevera:

 

① kumhanya kwespindle: imwe ndeye g97 S1000, zvinoreva kuti spindle inotenderera 1000 revolutions paminiti, ndiko kuti, inogara ichimhanya.CNC machining chikamu

Imwe yacho ndeyekuti iyo G96 S80 ine inogara iine mutsara kumhanya, uko workpiece pamusoro inotaridza kumhanya kwespindle.machined chikamu

 

Kune zvakare maviri anomhanyisa kumhanya, G94 F100, zvichiratidza kuti imwe miniti yekucheka chinhambwe i100 mm. Imwe yacho ndeye g95 F0.1, zvichireva kuti saizi yekudya yemudziyo ndeye 0.1mm per spindle revolution. Sarudzo yekucheka chishandiso uye kutsunga kwekucheka huwandu muNC machining chikamu chakakosha cheNC machining tekinoroji. Izvo hazvingokanganisa mashandiro emuchina weNC muchina maturusi asiwo zvinokanganisa zvakananga mhando yekugadzira.

 

Nekuvandudzwa kweCAD/CAM tekinoroji, zvinogoneka kushandisa dhizaini data yeCAD muNC machining zvakananga, kunyanya kubatana kwemicrocomputer uye NC muchina chishandiso, chinoita kuti maitiro ese ekugadzira, kuronga kwemaitiro, uye hurongwa hupedze pa kombiyuta. Kazhinji, hazvidi kuburitsa mamwe maitiro magwaro.

 

Parizvino, akawanda eCAD / CAM software mapakeji anopa otomatiki hurongwa hwekuita. Iyi software inowanzo kurudzira iyo reprogramming interface's levant matambudziko ekuronga process, sekusarudza maturusi, machining nzira kuronga, kucheka parameter marongero, nezvimwe. Mugadziri anogona kugadzira otomatiki uye kutumira zvirongwa zveNC kuNC muchina chishandiso chekugadzirisa kana akaseta maparamita akakodzera. .

 

Naizvozvo, kusarudzwa kwezvishandiso zvekucheka uye kuona kucheka ma paramita muNC machining kunopedzwa pasi pekubatana kwevanhu-kombuta, iyo inopesana zvakanyanya neyakajairika muchina chishandiso machining. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinodawo kuti vanogadzira mapurogiramu vagone misimboti yekusarudzwa kwezvishandiso uye kutsunga kwekucheka ma paramita uye kunyatso funga maitiro eNC machining kana chirongwa.

 

I. Mhando uye maitiro ezvigadzirwa zvekucheka zvakajairwa zveCNC machining

 

NC machining maturusi anofanirwa kuenderana nekumhanya kwakanyanya, kugona kwakanyanya, uye yakakwira dhigirii ye otomatiki yeCNC maturusi emuchina, kazhinji anosanganisira maturusi epasirese, zvibatiso zvekubatanidza zvishandiso zvepasirese, uye nhamba diki yezvibatiso zvakasarudzika. Chibatiso chekushandisa chinofanirwa kubatanidzwa kune chishandiso uye chakaiswa pamusoro wesimba wemuchina, zvakare, saka chave chakamisikidzwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye serialized. Pane nzira dzakawanda dzekuisa NC maturusi.

 

Zvichienderana nechimiro chemidziyo, inogona kukamurwa kuita:

 

① yakakosha mhando;

 

(2) Mhando yakashongedzwa yakabatanidzwa newelding kana muchina clamp type. Machine clamp mhando inogona kupatsanurwa mumhando mbiri: nonontransposableype uye transposable mhando;

 

③ mamwe marudzi, senge maturusi ekucheka akaumbwa, maturusi ekucheka maturusi, nezvimwe.

 

Zvinoenderana nemidziyo inoshandiswa kugadzira chishandiso, chinogona kukamurwa kuita:

 

① High-speed simbi inocheka;

 

② carbide tool;

 

③ mucheki wedhaimani;

 

④ maturusi ekucheka ezvimwe zvinhu, senge cubic boron nitride, ceramic, nezvimwe.

 

Iyo tekinoroji yekucheka inogona kukamurwa kuita:

 

① Maturusi ekushandura, anosanganisira denderedzwa rekunze, gomba remukati, shinda, maturusi ekucheka, nezvimwe;

 

② maturusi ekuchera, anosanganisira drill, reamer, tap, nezvimwe;

 

③ mudziyo unofinha;

 

④ maturusi ekugaya, nezvimwe.

 

IToadapt kune zvinodikanwa zveCNC muchina maturusi ekusimba kwechishandiso, kugadzikana, kugadziridza nyore, uye kuchinjika, mumakore achangopfuura, muchina-clamped indexable chishandiso chave kushandiswa zvakanyanya, kusvika makumi matatu% - 40% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hweCNC maturusi, uye huwandu hwekubviswa kwesimbi hunoita 80% - 90% yehuwandu.

 

Kuenzaniswa nemakucheka anoshandiswa mune zvakajairika maturusi emuchina, CNC cutters ine zvakawanda zvakasiyana zvinodiwa, kunyanya neanotevera maitiro:

 

(1) kusimba kwakanaka (kunyanya maturusi ekucheka akashata), kunyatsojeka, kushomeka kwekudedera, uye deformation yekupisa;

 

(2) kuchinjika kwakanaka, kwakanakira kukurumidza kuchinja chishandiso;

 

(3) hupenyu hwebasa repamusoro, yakagadzikana uye yakavimbika yekucheka kuita;

 

(4) saizi yechishandiso iri nyore kugadzirisa, inoderedza nguva yekugadzirisa yekuchinja kwechishandiso;

 

(5) iyo cCutter ichakwanisa kutyora kana kukungurutsa machipisi zvakavimbika kufambisa kubviswa kwechip;

 

(6) serializatCutterd standardization kufambisa hurongwa uye manejimendi ekushandisa.

 

II. Kusarudzwa kweNC machining maturusi

 

Kusarudzwa kwemidziyo yekucheka kunoitwa mumunhu-kombuta yekudyidzana mamiriro eNC programming. Chishandiso uye mubato uchasarudzwa nemazvo zvinoenderana nemuchina wekushandisa machining kugona, mashandiro echigadzirwa chebasa, maitiro ekugadzirisa, huwandu hwekucheka, uye zvimwe zvakakosha. Maturusi ekusarudza masimboti ari nyore kuisirwa uye kugadzirisa, kusimba kwakanaka, kusimba kwakanyanya, uye nemazvo. Kuti usangane nezvinodiwa zvemachining, edza kusarudza chibatiso chipfupi chekushandisa kuti uvandudze kuomarara kwechishandiso machining. Paunosarudza chimbo, ukuru hwechigadziro hunofanira kunge hwakakodzera hukuru hwepamusoro hwebasa rekushanda kuti rigadziriswe.

 

Mukugadzira, iyo yekupedzisira milling cutter inowanzoshandiswa kugadzirisa peripheral contour yezvikamu zvendege; kana kugaya zvikamu zvendege, iyo carbide blade milling cutter inofanira kusarudzwa; kana machining boss uye groove, iyo yakakwira-kumhanya simbi yekupedzisira milling cutter inofanira kusarudzwa; kana uchigadzira nzvimbo isina chinhu kana gomba remachining, mucheki wechibage ane carbide blade anogona kusarudzwa; pakugadzirisa mamwe matatu-dimensional profile uye contour ine variable bevel angle, bhora musoro milling cutter uye mhete yakamuka yakashandiswa CCutter taper cutter uye disc cutter. Mukuita yemahara-fomu yepasi machining, nekuti iyo Yekucheka kumhanya kwebhora musoro wekucheka zero, kuve nechokwadi chekugadzira machining, iyo yekucheka mutsara mutsara inowanzove yakaoma kwazvo, saka musoro webhora unowanzo shandiswa kupedzisa pamusoro. Iyo flat head cutter yakakwirira kune iyo bhora musoro cutter mune yepamusoro machining mhando uye yekucheka kunyatsoita. Naizvozvo, iyo yakatsetseka yekucheka musoro inofanirwa kusarudzwa zviri nani kana iyo yakakombama yepasi yakaoma kana yekupedzisa machining yakavimbiswa.

 

Mukuwedzera, kusimba uye kururamisa kwekucheka zvishandiso zvine hukama hukuru nemutengo wekucheka zvishandiso. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti, kazhinji, kusarudza maturusi ekucheka akanaka kunowedzera mutengo wekucheka maturusi, Zvakadaro, mhedzisiro inokonzeresa mukugadzirisa kunaka uye kugona kunogona kudzikisa zvakanyanya mutengo wese wekugadzirisa.

 

Munzvimbo yekugadzira, marudzi ese ezvishandiso akaiswa mumagazini yemidziyo, uye vanogona kusarudza nekuchinja maturusi chero nguva zvichienderana nechirongwa. Naizvozvo, chibatiso cheturusi chakajairwa chinofanirwa kushandiswa kuitira kuti maturusi akajairwa ekuchera, kufinha, kuwedzera, kugaya, uye mamwe maitirwo anogona kugadzikwa nekukurumidza uye nemazvo pachisori kana magazini yemuchina wemuchina. Mugadziri achaziva chimiro chechimiro, nzira yekugadzirisa, uye gadziriso yerudzi rwechibatiso chinoshandiswa pamuchina wekushandisa kuona radial uye axial dimensions kana chirongwa. Parizvino, iyo G chishandiso system inoshandiswa mumachining nzvimbo muChina. Kune marudzi maviri ezvishandiso shanks: shank dzakatwasuka (zvitatu zvakatemwa) uye taper shanks (matsanangudzo mana), kusanganisira gumi nematanhatu masheki ezvishandiso zvakasiyana. Mune zvehupfumi NC machining, nekuti kukuya, kuyera, uye kutsiva kwekucheka maturusi kunowanzoitwa nemaoko, izvo zvinotora nguva yakareba, zvinodikanwa kuronga zvine musoro kurongeka kwekucheka maturusi.

 

Kazhinji, mitemo inotevera inofanira kuteverwa:

 

① kuderedza huwandu hwezvishandiso;

 

② mushure mekunge chishandiso chavharirwa, zvikamu zvese zvemuchina zvachinokwanisa kuita zvichapedzwa;

 

③ maturusi ekukasharara uye ekupedzisira machining achashandiswa zvakasiyana, kunyangwe ayo ane saizi yakafanana uye yakatarwa;

 

④ Kugaya kusati kwachera;

 

⑤ Pedzisa pamusoro pekutanga, wozopedzisa maviri-dimensional contour;

 

⑥ kana zvichibvira, iyo otomatiki chishandiso chekushandura basa reCNC muchina maturusi anofanira kushandiswa kuvandudza kugadzirwa kwakanaka.

 

III. Kutsunga kwekucheka ma parameter eCNC machining

 

Nheyo yesarudzo inonzwisisika yekucheka maparamita ndeyekuti mukushata kwakashata, kugadzirwa kunowanzo kuvandudzwa, asi hupfumi uye machining mutengo unofanirwa kutariswa; mu semi-yakanaka machining uye kupedzisa, kucheka kunyatsoita, hupfumi, uye mutengo wemuchina unofanirwa kutariswa sepanzvimbo yekuona machining mhando. Iko kukosha chaiko kunozotemerwa zvinoenderana nemuchina wekushandisa bhuku, yekucheka ma paramita bhuku, uye ruzivo.

 

(1) kucheka kudzika t. Kana kuomarara kwechishandiso chemuchina, chishandiso, uye chishandiso chakabvumidzwa, chakaenzana nemvumo yekugadzira, inova chiyero chinoshanda chekuvandudza chibereko. Imwe muganho inofanirwa kuchengeterwa kupera kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu 'machining nemazvo uye kushata kwepamusoro. Mvumo yekupedzisa yeCNC maturusi emuchina anogona kunge akaderera zvishoma pane ayo akajairwa muchina maturusi.

 

(2) kucheka upamhi L. Kazhinji, l inonyatsoenderana nechombo dhayamita D uye inversely yakaenzana nekudzika kwekucheka. Muhupfumi NC machining, kukosha kwehuwandu hweL kazhinji L = (0.6-0.9) d.

 

(3) kucheka kukurumidza v. Kuwedzera V zvakare chiyero chekuvandudza kubereka, asi V yakabatana zvakanyanya nekusimba kwechishandiso. Nekuwedzera kweV, kusimba kwechishandiso kunoderera zvakanyanya, saka sarudzo yeV inonyanya kuenderana nekusimba kwechishandiso. Mukuwedzera, kukurumidza kwekucheka kunewo hukama hukuru nekugadzirisa zvinhu. Semuenzaniso, pakugaya 30crni2mova ine enan d milling cutter, V inogona kuita 8m / min; kana kugaya aluminium alloy ine imwechete yekupedzisira milling cutter, V inogona kupfuura 200m / min.

 

(4) spindle speed n (R / min). Kumhanya kwespindle kunowanzo kusarudzwa zvichienderana nekucheka kumhanya v. The calculation formula s: apo D ndiyo dhayamita yechishandiso kana workpiece (mm). GeTypically iyo control panel yeCNC muchina maturusi akashongedzerwa neiyo spindle kumhanya gadziriso (yakawanda) switch, iyo inogona kugadzirisa iyo spindle kumhanya mune machining process.

 

(5) iyo feed speed vfvfvf ichasarudzwa maererano nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirisa machining uye kuoma kwepamusoro kwezvikamu pamwe chete nezvinhu zvezvishandiso uye workpieces. Kuwedzera kweFin kunogonawo kuvandudza kugadzirwa kwakanaka. Kana kushata kwepamusoro kwakadzikira, VF inogona kusarudzwa zvakanyanya. Mukuita machining, VF inogona zvakare kugadziridzwa nemaoko kuburikidza neshanduko yekuchinja pane control panel yechishandiso chemuchina, Zvakadaro, iyoaximum yekudyisa kumhanya inogumira nekuoma kwemidziyo uye kuita kweiyo feed system.