CNC machining tekinoroji ine yakakwira dhigirii yekurongeka uye nemazvo uye inogona kugadzira zvikamu zvakanaka zvine kushivirira zvidiki se 0.025 mm. Iyi nzira yekugadzira ndeye chikamu chekugadzirisa kugadzirwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti panguva yekugadzira, zvikamu zvinodiwa zvinoumbwa nekubvisa zvinhu. Nokudaro, madiki madiki ekucheka acharamba ari pamusoro pezvikamu zvakapedzwa, zvichiita kuti pave nehumwe chiyero chepamusoro.
Chii chinonzi kushata kwepamusoro?
Kushata kwepamusoro kwezvikamu zvakawanikwa neCNC machiningmucherechedzo weavhareji yekunaka kwechimiro chepamusoro. Kuti tiverenge hunhu uhu, tinoshandisa zvakasiyana-siyana zveparameter kuti titsanangure, pakati payo Ra (arithmetic kureva roughness) ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa. Inoverengerwa zvichienderana nekusiyana kudiki kwehurefu hwepamusoro uye kuderera kwekuchinja, kazhinji kuyerwa pasi pemaikorosikopu mumamicrons. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kushata kwepamusoro uye kupera kwepamusoro pfungwa mbiri dzakasiyana: kunyangwe tekinoroji yepamusoro-chaiyo inogona kuvandudza kutsvedzerera kwechikamu chechikamu, kushata kwepamusoro kunoreva zvakanangana nehunhu hwepamusoro pechikamu mushure mekugadzira.
Tinowana sei kushata kwepamusoro kwakasiyana?
Iko kushata kwepamusoro kwezvikamu mushure mekugadzira hakuna kugadzirwa zvisina tsarukano asi kunodzorwa zvakanyanya kuti isvike kune yakatarwa mwero kukosha. Iyi chiyero kukosha yakafanosetwa, asi hachisi chinhu chinogona kupihwa chero. Pane kudaro, zvinodikanwa kutevedzera Ra kukosha zviyero zvinozivikanwa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yekugadzira. Semuenzaniso, maererano ne ISO 4287, inCNC machining maitiro, iyo Ra kukosha renji inogona kutsanangurwa zvakajeka, kubva payakaomarara makumi maviri neshanu mamicrons kusvika kune yakanyanya kunaka 0.025 microns kuti ienderane zvakasiyana siyana zvekushandisa zvinodiwa.
Isu tinopa mana epamusoro roughness mamakisi, ayo ariwo akajairwa maitiro eCNC machining application:
3.2 μm Ra
Ra1.6 μm Ra
Ra0.8 μm Ra
Ra0.4 μm Ra
Yakasiyana-siyana machining maitiro ane zvakasiyana zvinodiwa kune kushata kwepamusoro kwezvikamu. Chete kana zvinodiwa zvemaapplication zvatsanangurwa zvichadzikira roughness values dzinotsanangurwa nekuti kuwana yakaderera Ra values kunoda mamwe machining mashandiro uye zvakanyanya kuomesesa maitiro ekudzora emhando, ayo anowanzo wedzera mari uye nguva. Nokudaro, kana imwe roughness ichidiwa, post-processing operations inowanzosasarudzwa kutanga nokuti post-processing process inonetsa kudzora nemazvo uye inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakashata pakushivirira kwechikamu chechikamu.
Mune mamwe machining maitiro, kushata kwepamusoro kwechikamu kune zvakakosha pakushanda kwayo, kuita, uye kusimba. Iyo yakanangana neiyo friction coefficient, ruzha nhanho, kupfeka, kupisa chizvarwa, uye bonding kuita kwechikamu. Nekudaro, kukosha kwezvinhu izvi kuchasiyana zvichienderana neiyo chaiyo application mamiriro. Naizvozvo, mune dzimwe nguva, kushata kwepamusoro kungave kusiri chinhu chakakosha, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko, senge tension yakakwira, kushushikana kwakanyanya, nzvimbo dzakanyanya kuzunguzika, uye uko kwakanyatso kuenderana, kufamba kwakatsetseka, kutenderera nekukurumidza, kana sekudyara kuisirwa kunodiwa. Muzvikamu, kushata kwepamusoro kwakakosha. Muchidimbu, mamiriro akasiyana ekushandisa ane zvakasiyana zvinodiwa pakuoma kwepamusoro kwezvikamu.
Tevere, isu tichatora zvakadzika kunyura mumagiredhi ehukasha uye tokupa ruzivo rwese rwaunoda kuziva kana uchisarudza iyo chaiyo Ra kukosha kwekushandisa kwako.
3.2 μmRa
Iyi ndiyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pamusoro pegadziriro yegadziriro iyo inokodzera zvikamu zvakawanda uye inopa kukwana kwakakwana asi ichine mavara akajeka ekucheka. Mukushaikwa kwemirayiridzo yakakosha, iyi chiyero chehukukutu hwepamusoro chinowanzo gamuchirwa nekukasira.
3.2 μm Ra kugadzira chiratidzo
Kune zvikamu zvinoda kumira kushushikana, kuremerwa, uye kuzununguka, iyo yakakurudzirwa yakanyanya kushata kukosha ndeye 3.2 microns Ra. Pasi pemamiriro ekuremerwa uye kunonoka kufamba kunononoka, iyi roughness kukosha inogona kushandiswa kuenzanisa inofamba nzvimbo. Kuti uwane hutsinye hwakadaro, kucheka kwepamusoro-kumhanya, kudya kwakanaka, uye simba shoma rekucheka rinodiwa panguva yekugadzirisa.
1.6 μm Ra
Kazhinji, kana iyi sarudzo yasarudzwa, mavara akachekwa pane chikamu achave akareruka uye asingaonekwe. Iyi Ra kukosha inonyatso kuenderana neakasimba akakodzera zvikamu, zvikamu zviri pasi pekunetseka, uye nzvimbo dzinofamba zvishoma nezvishoma uye dzakaremerwa. Nekudaro, haina kukodzera zvikamu zvinotenderera nekukasira kana kusangana nekudengenyeka kwakanyanya. Uku kushata kwepamusoro kunowanikwa nekushandisa kumhanya kwekucheka kwepamusoro, mafidhiro akanaka, uye kucheka kwemwenje pasi pemamiriro akanyatso kudzora.
Panyaya yemutengo, kune yakajairwa aruminiyamu alloys (senge 3.1645), kusarudza iyi sarudzo kuchawedzera mutengo wekugadzira neinosvika 2.5%. Uye sezvo kuoma kwechikamu kunowedzera, mutengo uchawedzera maererano.
0.8 μm Ra
Kuwana iyi yakakwira nhanho yekupedzisa kwepamusoro kunoda kudzora kwakasimba panguva yekugadzira uye, saka, inodhura. Kupedzisa uku kunowanzo shandiswa pazvikamu zvine kushushikana kwekushushikana uye dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa pamabhengi uko kufamba uye mitoro zvinowanzoitika uye yakareruka.
Panyaya yemutengo, kusarudza iyi yepamusoro yepamusoro yekupedzisa kuchawedzera mitengo yekugadzira neinosvika 5% yeyakajairwa aruminiyamu alloys akadai 3.1645, uye mutengo uyu unowedzera zvakanyanya sezvo chikamu chinowedzera kuoma.
0.4 μm Ra
Iyi yakatsetseka (kana kuti "yakatsvedzerera") kupedzisa kwepamusoro kunoratidza kupedzisa kwemhando yepamusoro uye inokodzera zvikamu zviri pasi pekunetsekana kwakanyanya kana kushushikana, pamwe nekumhanya-mhanya kutenderera senge mabhengi uye shafts. Nekuti maitiro ekugadzira aya epamusoro pekupedzisira akaomesesa, anongosarudzwa chete kana kutsetseka kuri chinhu chakakosha.
Panyaya yemutengo, kune yakajairwa aruminiyamu alloys (senge 3.1645), kusarudza iyi yakanaka kushata kwepamusoro kuchawedzera mutengo wekugadzira neinenge 11-15%. Uye sezvo kuoma kwechikamu kunowedzera, mari inodiwa ichakwira mberi.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-10-2024