Mushure mekuisa turret paCNC lathe yangu, ndakatanga kufunga nezvekuipfekedza nemidziyo inodiwa. Zvinhu zvinopesvedzera kusarudzwa kwezvishandiso zvinosanganisira ruzivo rwekare, zano renyanzvi, uye tsvagiridzo. Ndinoda kugovera zvinhu zvipfumbamwe zvakakosha kuti zvikubatsire mukugadzirisa maturusi paCNC lathe yako. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti aya anongova mazano, uye maturusi angada kugadziriswa zvichienderana nemabasa chaiwo aripo.
#1 OD Roughing Zvishandiso
Kashoma basa rinogona kupera pasina OD roughing maturusi. Mamwe anowanzo shandiswa OD roughing anoisa, seanozivikanwa CNMG uye WNMG kuisa, anoshandiswa.
Kune vakawanda vashandisi vezvese zviri zviviri zvinoiswa, uye yakanakisa nharo ndeyekuti iyo WNMG inogona zvakare kushandiswa kufinha mabara uye ine chokwadi chirinani, nepo vazhinji vachifunga iyo CNMG seyakanyanya kusimba yekuisa.
Pakukurukura roughing, tinofanira kufungawo kutarisana nematurusi. Sezvo kune nhamba shoma yenyere inowanikwa mu lathe turret, vamwe vanhu vanoshandisa OD roughing tool yekutarisana. Izvi zvinoshanda nemazvo chero uchichengeta kudzika kwekucheka kuri kushoma pane mhino yeradius yekuisa. Nekudaro, kana basa rako richisanganisira kutarisana kwakawanda, ungangoda kufunga nezve kushandisa yakazvitsaurira yakatarisana nemudziyo. Kana wakatarisana nemakwikwi, CCGT/CCMT inoisa isarudzo yakakurumbira.
#2 Kuruboshwe vs. Kurudyi-Kurutivi Zvishandiso zveRoughing
CNMG Left Hook Banga (LH)
CNMG Right Side Banga (RH)
Pane nguva dzose zvakawanda zvekukurukura pamusoro peLH maringe neRH tooling, sezvo marudzi ese ekushandisa ane zvakanakira nekuipira.
RH tooling inopa mukana weiyo spindle kutungamira kuenderana, kubvisa kudiwa kwekudzosera iyo spindle nzira yekuchera. Izvi zvinoderedza kusakara pamushini, zvinomhanyisa maitiro, uye kudzivirira kumhanyisa spindle munzira isiriyo yechishandiso.
Kune rimwe divi, LH tooling inopa simba rakawanda rebhiza uye inokodzera zvirinani kurema. Inotungamira kumanikidza kudzika mulathe, kuderedza chatter, kunatsiridza kupera kwepamusoro, uye kufambisa inotonhorera application.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti tiri kukurukura nezvemubati wedivi rekurudyi akapidigura nerudyi kumusoro kuruboshwe. Uyu mutsauko mukumisikidza unokanganisa iyo spindle kutungamira uye simba rekushandisa. Pamusoro pezvo, LH tooling inoita kuti zvive nyore kuchinja mablades nekuda kweiyo yekurudyi-side-up inobata kumisikidzwa.
Kana izvo zvanga zvisina kuoma zvakakwana, unogona kutendeudzira chishandiso pasi uye wochishandisa kucheka nenzira yakatarisana. Ingoita chokwadi chekuti spindle iri kumhanya nenzira kwayo.
#3 OD Kupedzisa Zvishandiso
Vamwe vanhu vanoshandisa chishandiso chimwechete kune ese ari maviri roughing uye yekupedzisa, asi pane zvirinani sarudzo dzekuzadzisa yakanakisa kupedzisa. Vamwe vanosarudza kushandisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuisa pachombo chimwe nechimwe - chimwe chekugadzirisa uye chimwe chekupedzisa, iyo iri nani nzira. Zvitsva zvinopinza zvinogona kuiswa pakutanga pamushini wekupedzisa uye wozoendeswa kumuchina wekukasha kana uchinge usisiri kupinza. Zvisineyi, kusarudza kuisa kwakasiyana kwekukasira nekupedza kunopa kuita kukuru uye kuchinjika.Sarudzo dzinonyanya kuisirwa dzematurusi ekupedzisa dzandinowana iDNMG (pamusoro) neVNMG (pazasi):
Iyo VNMG uye CNMG inoisa yakafanana, asi iyo VNMG inokodzera zvirinani kuchekwa kwakasimba. Izvo zvakakosha kuti chishandiso chekupedzisa chikwanise kusvika munzvimbo dzakasimba kudaro. Sezvakangoita pamuchina wekugaya paunotanga nekucheka hombe kuti ubvise homwe asi wozochinja kune diki cutter kuti uwane makona akaomesesa, iwoyo musimboti unoshanda pakutendeuka. Pamusoro pezvo, idzi dzakatetepa kuisa, dzakadai seVNMG, dzinofambisa zvirinani chip evacuation zvichienzaniswa nekukasira kuisa seCNMG. Machipisi madiki anowanzo kubatwa pakati pemativi e80 ° yekuisa uye workpiece, zvichitungamira kune kusakwana mukupedzisa. Naizvozvo, kubviswa kwakanaka kwemachipi kwakakosha kudzivirira kukuvadzacnc machining simbi zvikamu.
#4 Cheka-Kubvisa Zvishandiso
Iwo mazhinji emabasa anosanganisira kucheka akawanda zvikamu kubva kune imwechete bhaa stock inoda kucheka-kubvisa chishandiso. Mune ino kesi, iwe unofanirwa kurodha turret yako neyakachekwa-kubvisa chishandiso. Vanhu vazhinji vanoita sevanoda rudzi rwekucheka neinotsiviwa inoiswa, senge yandinoshandisa neGTN-style yekuisa:
Madiki ekuisa masitayipi anofarirwa, uye mamwe anogona kunge ari iwo ari ruoko-pasi kuti avandudze mashandiro avo.
Chidimbu chinopinza chinogona kushandawo zvimwe zvinangwa zvinobatsira. Semuenzaniso, mamwe machisel edges anogona kutenderedzwa kuti aderedze slug kune rimwe divi. Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe anoisa ane radius yemhino, zvichiita kuti ishandiswe kutenderedza basa zvakare. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti radius diki pamuromo inogona kunge idiki pane yakakura yekunze dhayamita (OD) inopedzisa mhino radius.
Iwe unoziva here mhedzisiro yechiso chigayo chekucheka kumhanya uye chiyero chekudya paCNC machining chikamu chekugadzirisa?
Iko kumhanya kwechiso chekucheka chekucheka uye chiyero chekudya ndiwo akakosha paramita muCNC machining processizvo zvinopesvedzera zvakanyanya kunaka, kunyatsoita, uye mutengo-kushanda kwezvikamu zvakagadzirwa. Heano maitiro aya zvinhu zvinokanganisa maitiro:
Face Milling Cutter Speed (Spindle Speed)
Surface Finish:
Kumhanya kwepamusoro kunowanzo tungamira kune yakagadziridzwa kupera kwepamusoro nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekucheka velocity, iyo inogona kuderedza kushata kwepamusoro. Nekudaro, kumhanya kwakanyanya kwakanyanya kunogona kukonzeresa kukuvara kwekupisa kana kupfeka zvakanyanya pachishandiso, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kupera kwepamusoro.
Tool Wear:
Kumhanya kwepamusoro kunowedzera tembiricha pamucheto wekucheka, izvo zvinogona kukurumidza kupfeka chishandiso.
Kumhanya kwakaringana kunofanirwa kusarudzwa kuenzanisa kucheka kwakanaka nekupfeka kushoma kwemidziyo.
Machining Time:
Kuwedzera kumhanya kunogona kuderedza machining nguva, kuvandudza chibereko.
Kumhanya kwakanyanya kunotungamira kuderedzwa kwehupenyu hwematurusi, kuwedzera nguva yekudzikira yekuchinja kwechishandiso.
Feed Rate
Chiyero chekubvisa (MRR):
Huwandu hwekudya hwepamusoro hunowedzera huwandu hwekubvisa zvinhu, nekudaro kuderedza iyo yakazara machining nguva.
Yakanyanya kukwirisa mareti ekudya anogona kutungamirira kukupera kwakashata kwepamusoro uye kukuvara kunogona kuitika kune chishandiso uye workpiece.
Surface Finish:
Mareti ekudyisa akaderera anoburitsa yakatsetseka pese pese sezvo chishandiso chinoita madiki kucheka.
Mareti ekudya epamusoro anogona kugadzira nzvimbo dzakaomarara nekuda kwekuremerwa kwechip.
Chishandiso Mutoro uye Hupenyu:
Mareti ekudya epamusoro anowedzera mutoro pachishandiso, zvichitungamira kumitengo yepamusoro yekupfeka uye hupenyu hupfupi hwekushandisa. Miyero yekudya yakakwana inofanirwa kuverengerwa kudzikamisa kubviswa kwezvinhu nehupenyu hwematurusi hunogamuchirwa. Yakasanganiswa Mhedzisiro Yekumhanya uye Yekudyisa Rate
Kucheka Masimba:
Zvose zvinomhanya zvakanyanya uye mazinga ekudya anowedzera masimba ekucheka anobatanidzwa mukuita. Izvo zvakakosha kuenzanisa ma parameter aya kuchengetedza masimba anogoneka uye kudzivirira kutsauswa kwechishandiso kana workpiece deformation.
Heat Generation:
Kuwedzera kumhanya uye mazinga ekudya zvese zvinokonzeresa kukwirisa chizvarwa chekupisa. Kutarisira kwakakodzera kweaya ma paramita, pamwe nekutonhora kwakaringana, kunodiwa kudzivirira kupisa kukuvadza kune workpiece uye chishandiso.
Face Milling Basics
Chii chinonzi face milling?
Paunenge uchishandisa divi rechigayo, inonzi "peripheral milling." Kana tikacheka kubva pasi, inonzi face milling, iyo inowanzoitwa nayoprecision cnc millingvanocheka vanodaidzwa kuti "face mills" kana "shell mills." Aya marudzi maviri ekucheka milling chinhu chimwe chete.
Iwe unogona zvakare kunzwa "face milling," inonzi "surface milling." Paunosarudza chigayo chechiso, funga nezvekucheka kwedhayamita- ivo vanouya muhukuru uye diki saizi. Sarudza dhayamita yemudziyo kuitira kuti kumhanya kwekucheka, chiyero chekudyisa, kumhanya kwespindle, uye simba rebhiza rekucheka zviri mukati mekugona kwemuchina wako. Zvakanakisisa kushandisa mudziyo une dhayamita yekucheka yakakura kudarika nzvimbo yauri kushanda pairi, kunyange zvazvo zvigayo zvihombe zvinoda chirukwa chine simba uye zvingasakwana munzvimbo dzakasimba.
Nhamba Yezvinyorwa:
Kuwanda kwekuisa, kunowedzera kucheka, uye kukurumidza kukurumidza kwekudya kweguyo rechiso. Kumhanya kwepamusoro kunoreva kuti basa rinogona kuitwa nekukurumidza. Zvigayo zvepachiso zvinongoiswa kamwe chete zvinonzi nhunzi dzinocheka. Asi kukurumidza dzimwe nguva zviri nani. Iwe unofanirwa kugadzirisa hurefu hwega hwese ekuisa kuti uone kuti yako yakawanda-yekucheka-kumucheto face mill inowana kupera kwakapfava senge imwe-inopinza nhunzi inocheka. Kazhinji kutaura, iyo yakakura dhayamita yekucheka, iyo yakawanda yekuisa iwe yaunoda.
Geometry: Izvi zvinoenderana nechimiro chezvimisikidzo uye kuti vanochengetedzwa sei muchigayo chechiso.
Ngatitarisei mubvunzo uyu wejometri zvakanyanya.
Kusarudza yakanakisa chiso chigayo: 45-degree kana 90-degree?
Kana tichitaura nezve 45 madhigirii kana 90 madhigirii, tiri kutaura pamusoro pekona yekucheka kumucheto pane milling cutter insert. Semuenzaniso, mucheki wekuruboshwe ane kona yekucheka ye45 degrees uye mucheki wekurudyi ane kona yekucheka ye90 degrees. Kona iyi inozivikanwawo sekona yekutungamirira yeanocheka.
Heano iwo akakwana ekushanda maseru eakasiyana shell milling cutter geometries:
Zvakanakira uye Zvakaipa zve45-degree Face Milling
Zvakanakira:
Sekureva kwaSandvik naKennametal, 45-degree cutters inokurudzirwa kugaya kumeso. Chirevo ndechekuti kushandisa 45-degree cutters inoyera masimba ekucheka, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kunyange axial uye radial masimba. Iyi chiyero haingowedzere kupedzisa kwepamusoro asiwo inobatsira mabhengi ekutenderera nekudzikisa uye kuenzana radial masimba.
-Kuita zvirinani mukupinda nekubuda - kushomeka kwekuita, kushomeka maitiro ekubuda.
-45-degree yekucheka mipendero iri nani pakuda kucheka.
-Kupera kurinani kwepamusoro - 45 ine kupera kuri nani. Kudedera kwepasi, masimba akaenzana, uye -nani kupinda geometry zvikonzero zvitatu.
-Iyo chip thinning effect inopinda mukati uye inotungamira kumazinga epamusoro ekudya. Kumhanya kwepamusoro kunoreva kubviswa kwezvinhu zvakanyanya, uye basa rinoitwa nekukurumidza.
-45-degree kumeso zvigayo zvakare zvine zvimwe zvazvakaipira:
-Kuderedzwa kwakadzika kudzika kwekucheka nekuda kwekona yekutungamira.
-Madhayamita akakura anogona kukonzera nyaya dzekubvisa.
-Hapana 90-degree angle milling kana kugaya pamapfudzi
-Inogona kukonzera chipping kana maburrs padivi rekubuda rekutenderera kwechishandiso.
-90 madhigirii anoshanda mashoma lateral (axial) simba, inenge hafu yakawanda. Ichi chimiro chinobatsira mumadziro akatetepa, uko simba rakawandisa rinogona kukonzera kutaura kwezvinhu uye zvimwe zvinhu. Zvinobatsirawo kana kubata chikamu chakasimba mukugadzirisa kwakaoma kana kutotadza.
Ngatisakanganwe nezvezvigayo zvekumeso. Vanobatanidza mamwe mabhenefiti ega ega ega ega ega ega uye ndiwo akanyanya kusimba. Kana uchifanira kushanda nezvinhu zvakaoma, kugaya kungave sarudzo yako yakanaka. Kana iwe uchitsvaga mhinduro dzakakwana, saka ungangoda nhunzi inocheka. Kazhinji, mucheki wenhunzi anopa mhedzisiro yepamusoro yepamusoro. Nenzira, iwe unogona kushandura nyore nyore chero chigayo chechiso kuita yakanaka nhunzi inocheka nechero imwe chete yekucheka.
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Nguva yekutumira: Jun-18-2024