Aluminium ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa isiri-ferrous simbi, uye huwandu hwayo hwekushandisa hunoramba huchiwedzera. Kune anopfuura 700,000 marudzi ezvigadzirwa zvealuminium, izvo zvinopa kune akasiyana maindasitiri, anosanganisira kuvaka, kushongedza, zvekufambisa, uye aerospace. Muhurukuro iyi, tichaongorora tekinoroji yekugadzirisa zvigadzirwa zvealuminium uye maitiro ekudzivirira deformation panguva yekugadzirisa.
Zvakanakira uye maitiro ealuminium anosanganisira:
- Low Density: Aluminium ine density inosvika 2.7 g/cm³, inova chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chesimbi kana mhangura.
- Yakakwirira Plastiki:Aluminium ine ductility yakanakisa, ichibvumira kuti iumbwe kuita zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana kuburikidza nekumanikidza kugadzirisa nzira, senge extrusion uye kutambanudza.
- Corrosion Resistance:Aluminium inogadzira inodzivirira oxide firimu pamusoro payo, ingave iri pasi pemamiriro echisikigo kana kuburikidza neanodization, inopa yakakwira corrosion resistance kana ichienzaniswa nesimbi.
- Nyore Kusimbisa:Kunyange zvazvo aruminiyamu yakachena iine simba rakaderera, simba rayo rinogona kuwedzerwa zvakanyanya kuburikidza neanodizing.
- Inobatsira Surface Treatment:Kurapa kwepamusoro kunogona kuwedzera kana kugadzirisa zvimiro zvealuminium. Iyo anodizing process yakanyatso kusimbiswa uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mualuminium chigadzirwa kugadzirisa.
- Yakanaka Conductivity uye Recyclability:Aluminium yakanaka conductor yemagetsi uye iri nyore kudzokorora.
Aluminium chigadzirwa chekugadzira tekinoroji
Aluminium chigadzirwa stamping
1. Kutonhora kutsika
Chinhu chinoshandiswa aluminium pellets. Aya ma pellets akaumbwa mune imwe nhanho uchishandisa extrusion muchina uye mold. Iyi nzira yakanakira kugadzira zvigadzirwa kana maumbirwo ari kunetsa kuwana kuburikidza nekutambanudza, senge elliptical, square, uye rectangular mafomu. (Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 1, muchina; Mufananidzo 2, iyo aruminiyamu pellets; uye Mufananidzo 3, chigadzirwa)
Iyo tonnage yemuchina wakashandiswa inoenderana nenzvimbo yekuyambuka-chikamu chechigadzirwa. Mukaha uripo pakati peyepamusoro die punch uye yepasi dhiza yakagadzirwa nesimbi ye tungsten inotaridza ukobvu hwemadziro echigadzirwa. Kana kudzvanya kwapera, mukaha wakatwasuka kubva papunch yekumusoro kusvika kune yepasi unoratidza ukobvu hwepamusoro hwechigadzirwa.(Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 4)
Zvakanakira: Ipfupi mold yekuvhura kutenderera, yakaderera mutengo wekuvandudza pane kutambanudza mold. Zvakaipa: Kureba kwekugadzira maitiro, kushanduka kukuru kwehukuru hwechigadzirwa panguva yekuita, mutengo wakakwira wevashandi.
2. Kutambanudza
Chishandiso chinoshandiswa: aluminium sheet. Shandisa inoenderera mold muchina uye mold kuita akawanda deformation kuti asangane nezvinodiwa zvechimiro, akakodzera kune isiri-columnar miviri (zvigadzirwa zvine curved aluminium). (Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 5, muchina, Mufananidzo 6, mold, uye Mufananidzo 7, chigadzirwa)
Zvakanakira:Zviyero zvezvakaoma uye zvakawanda-zvakaremara zvigadzirwa zvinodzorwa zvakatsiga panguva yekugadzira, uye chigadzirwa chepamusoro chiri nyore.
Zvakaipa:Yakakwira mold mutengo, yakarebesa kutenderera kutenderera, uye yakakwirira zvinodiwa pakusarudzwa kwemichina uye nemazvo.
Kurapa kwepamusoro kwezvigadzirwa zvealuminium
1. Sandblasting (pfuti peening)
Iyo nzira yekuchenesa uye roughening simbi pamusoro nekukanganisa kwepamusoro-kumhanya jecha kuyerera.
Iyi nzira yealuminium pamusoro pekurapa inosimudzira kuchena uye kushata kweiyo workpiece pamusoro. Somugumisiro, maitiro emagetsi epamusoro anovandudzwa, zvichiita kuti zvive nani kuneta kuramba. Kuvandudza uku kunowedzera kunamatira pakati pepamusoro uye chero machira akaiswa, achiwedzera kusimba kwejasi. Uyezve, inofambisa kuenzana uye kutaridzika kwekutaridzika kwejasi. Iyi nzira inowanzoonekwa mune zvakasiyana-siyana Apple zvigadzirwa.
2. Kukwenenzvera
Iyo nzira yekugadzira inoshandisa mechanika, makemikari, kana electrochemical matekiniki kudzikisa kushata kwepamusoro kwechishandiso, zvichikonzera nzvimbo yakatsetseka uye inopenya. Iyo yekukwenenzvera inogona kuiswa mumhando mitatu mikuru: mechanical polishing, chemical polishing, uye electrolytic polishing. Nekubatanidza kukwenenzverwa kwemagetsi neelectrolytic polishing, zvikamu zvealuminium zvinogona kupedzisa segirazi-senge senge simbi isina tsvina. Iyi nzira inopa pfungwa yekureruka kwepamusoro, fashoni, uye kukwezva kweramangwana.
3. Kudhirowa kwewaya
Metal waya kudhirowa inzira yekugadzira iyo mitsetse inodzokororwa kukweshwa kubva mualuminium mahwendefa ane sandpaper. Kudhirowa kwewaya kunogona kukamurwa kuita kudhirowa kwewaya yakatwasuka, kudhirowa kwewaya isina kurongeka, kudhirowa kwewaya, uye kudhirowa kwewaya. Iyo simbi waya yekudhirowa maitiro inogona kuratidza zvakajeka yega yega sirika maki kuitira kuti matte simbi ive neyakajeka bvudzi kupenya, uye chigadzirwa chine zvese fashoni uye tekinoroji.
4. Kucheka kwechiedza chepamusoro
Kucheka kwepamusoro kunoshandisa muchina wekunyora wakanyatso kusimbaradza banga redhaimani pane yakakwirira-kutenderera inotenderera (kazhinji 20,000 rpm) chaiyo yekutemera muchina spindle kucheka zvikamu uye kugadzira nzvimbo dzakajeka dzenzvimbo panzvimbo yechigadzirwa. Kupenya kwezvibodzwa zvekucheka kunokanganiswa nekumhanya kwekugadzira milling. Iyo inokurumidza kumhanyisa kumhanya, ndiko kupenya kwekucheka kwakakwirira. Sezvineiwo, kusviba kwekucheka kwakakwirira, ndiko kuwedzera kwaanoita kuburitsa mavanga ebanga. Kucheka kwepamusoro-soro kunonyanya kuwanda mumafoni efoni, akadai se iPhone 5. Mumakore achangopfuura, mamwe mapepa ematare eTV epamusoro akagamuchira high-gloss.CNC kugayatekinoroji, uye anodizing uye mabhurashi maitiro anoita kuti TV izere nefashoni uye tekinoroji kupinza.
5. Anodizing
Anodizing inzira ye electrochemical iyo inosanganisa simbi kana alloys. Mukati mekuita uku, aruminiyamu nemaaloyi ayo anogadzira firimu reoxide kana magetsi akaiswa mune chaiyo electrolyte pasi pemamwe mamiriro. Anodizing inowedzera kuoma kwepamusoro uye kupfeka kuramba kwealuminium, inowedzera hupenyu hwayo hwesevhisi, uye inovandudza kukwezva kwayo. Iyi nzira yave chinhu chakakosha chealuminium pamusoro pekurapa uye parizvino ndeimwe yenzira dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye dzakabudirira dziripo.
6. Anode-mavara maviri
Anode yemavara maviri inoreva maitiro eanodizing chigadzirwa kuisa mavara akasiyana kunzvimbo dzakati. Kunyange zvazvo nzira iyi ine mavara maviri yeanodizing isingawanzo shandiswa muindasitiri yeterevhizheni nekuda kwekuoma kwayo uye kudhura kwayo, musiyano pakati pemavara maviri unowedzera chimiro chepamusoro-soro uye chakasiyana.
Pane zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinoita kuti pagadziriswe deformation yezvikamu zvealuminium, zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvenyama, chimiro chechikamu, uye mamiriro ekugadzira. Izvo zvinokonzeresa deformation zvinosanganisira: kushushikana kwemukati kuripo mune isina chinhu, kucheka masimba uye kupisa kunogadzirwa panguva yekugadzira, uye masimba anoitwa panguva ye clamping. Kuti uderedze kukanganiswa uku, matanho chaiwo ekuita uye hunyanzvi hwekushanda hunogona kuitwa.
Maitiro matanho ekudzikisa kugadzirisa deformation
1. Deredza kushushikana kwemukati kwechinhu chisina chinhu
Kuchembera kwepanyama kana kwekugadzira, pamwe chete nekurapa kwekuzunguza, kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kushushikana kwemukati kwechinhu chisina chinhu. Pre-processing zvakare inzira inoshanda yeichi chinangwa. Kune isina chinhu ine musoro wakakora uye nzeve huru, deformation yakakosha inogona kuitika panguva yekugadziriswa nekuda kweiyo margin yakakura. Nekufanogadzirisa zvikamu zvakawandisa zveisina uye nekudzikisa muganho munzvimbo imwe neimwe, isu hatigone chete kuderedza deformation inoitika panguva inotevera yekugadzirisa asi zvakare kuderedza kumwe kushushikana kwemukati kuripo mushure mekutanga kugadzirisa.
2. Kuvandudza kugona kwekucheka kwechombo
Zvishandiso zvechishandiso uye geometric parameter zvakanyanya zvinokanganisa kucheka simba uye kupisa. Kusarudzwa kwakakodzera kwechishandiso kwakakosha kudzikisa zvikamu 'kugadzirisa deformation.
1) Kusarudzwa kunonzwisisika kwechishandiso geometric parameter.
① Rake angle:Pasi pemamiriro ekuchengetedza simba reblade, iyo angle angle inosarudzwa zvakakodzera kuti ive yakakura. Kune rumwe rutivi, inogona kukuya mupendero wakapinza, uye kune rumwe rutivi, inogona kuderedza kutema deformation, kuita kuti chip ibvise kutsetseka, uye nokudaro kuderedza simba rekucheka uye kutema tembiricha. Dzivisa kushandisa negative rake angle maturusi.
② Kumashure:Saizi yekona yekumashure ine mhedzisiro yakananga pakupfekwa kwechiso chechishandiso chekumashure uye nemhando yemuchina wakagadzirwa. Kucheka ukobvu chinhu chakakosha pakusarudza kona yekumashure. Munguva yekugaya kwakakasharara, nekuda kwehuwandu hwekudyisa hukuru, kuremerwa kwekucheka, uye kupisa kwakanyanya chizvarwa, mamiriro ekupisa emudziyo anodiwa kuti ave akanaka. Nokudaro, kona yemashure inofanira kusarudzwa kuti ive duku. Munguva yekugaya kwakanaka, mupendero unodiwa kuve wakapinza, kukweshana pakati pechiso chemudziyo wekumashure uye nzvimbo yakashongedzwa inofanira kuderedzwa, uye elastic deformation inofanira kuderedzwa. Nokudaro, kona yemashure inofanira kusarudzwa kuti ive yakakura.
③ Helix angle:Kuti uite kugayo kutsetseka uye kuderedza simba rekugaya, iyo helix angle inofanira kusarudzwa yakakura sezvinobvira.
④ Main deflection angle:Kudzikisa zvakafanira iyo main deflection angle inogona kuvandudza mamiriro ekupisa kupisa uye kuderedza avhareji tembiricha yenzvimbo yekugadzirisa.
2) Kuvandudza magadzirirwo emidziyo.
Deredza Huwandu hweMilling Cutter Mazino uye Wedzera Chip Space:
Sezvo aluminium zvinhu zvichiratidzira yakakwira plastiki uye yakakosha yekucheka deformation panguva yekugadziriswa, zvakakosha kugadzira yakakura chip nzvimbo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti radius ye chip groove pasi inofanira kuva yakakura, uye nhamba yemazino paguyo inocheka inofanira kuderedzwa.
Kukuya Kwakanaka kweCutter Meno:
Iko kukosha kwehutsinye hwekucheka kwekucheka kwemazino ekucheka kunofanira kuva pasi peRa = 0.4 µm. Usati washandisa mucheki mutsva, zvinokurudzirwa kukuya zvinyoro kumberi uye kumashure kwemazino ekucheka nedombo rakanaka remafuta kakawanda kuti ubvise chero maburrs kana mashoma esawtooth maitiro akasiiwa kubva pakurodza. Izvi hazvingobatsiri mukudzikisa kupisa kwekucheka asiwo zvinoderedza kucheka deformation.
Strictly Control Tool Wear Standards:
Sezvo maturusi achipera, kushata kwepamusoro kweiyo workpiece kunowedzera, tembiricha yekucheka inokwira, uye workpiece inogona kutambura nekuwedzera deformation. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti usarudze maturusi emidziyo ane yakanakisa kupfeka kuramba, uye ona kuti kupfeka kwechishandiso hakupfuure 0.2 mm. Kana kupfeka kwakapfuura muganhu uyu, zvinogona kutungamirira kukugadzirwa kwechip. Panguva yekucheka, tembiricha yeworkpiece inofanirwa kuchengetwa iri pasi pe100 ° C kudzivirira deformation.
3. Kuvandudza clamping nzira ye workpiece. Kune matete-walled aruminiyamu workpieces asina kusimba kusimba, dzinotevera nzira dzekusunga dzinogona kushandiswa kuderedza deformation:
① Kune dzakatetepa-yakavakirwa bhuranzi zvikamu, kushandisa matatu-shaya-yekuzvimiririra chuck kana chitubu collet ye radial clamping inogona kutungamira ku deformation yeworkpiece kana yasunungurwa mushure mekugadzirisa. Kuti udzivise nyaya iyi, zviri nani kushandisa axial end face clamping nzira inopa yakanyanya kuoma. Isa buri remukati mechikamu, gadzira threaded through-mandrel, woipinza mugomba remukati. Zvadaro, shandisa ndiro yekuvhara kuvhara chiso chekupedzisira uye chichengetedze zvakasimba ne nut. Iyi nzira inobatsira kudzivirira clamping deformation kana uchigadzira denderedzwa rekunze, kuve nechokwadi chinogutsa chekugadzirisa.
② Paunenge uchigadzira matete-walled sheet simbi workpieces, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa vacuum suction cup kuti uwane yakaenzana yakagoverwa clamping simba. Uyezve, kushandisa diki yekucheka huwandu kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira deformation ye workpiece.
Imwe nzira inoshanda ndeyekuzadza mukati meiyo workpiece nepakati kuti iwedzere kusimba kwayo kwekugadzirisa. Semuenzaniso, urea yakanyunguduka ine 3% kusvika 6% potassium nitrate inogona kudururwa muworkpiece. Mushure mekugadzirisa, iyo workpiece inogona kunyudzwa mumvura kana doro kuti iparadze iyo filler uye wozoidurura kunze.
4. Kurongeka kunonzwisisika kwemaitiro
Munguva yekucheka-kumhanya-mhanya, maitiro ekugaya anowanzo gadzira vibration nekuda kwekubvumidza kukuru kwekugadzira uye kucheka kwepakati. Kudengenyeka uku kunogona kukanganisa machining kurongeka uye kushata kwepamusoro. Somugumisiro, theCNC high-speed yekucheka maitiroinowanzokamurwa kuita zvinhanho zvakati wandei: roughing, semi-finishing, angle cleaning, uye kupedza. Kune zvikamu zvinoda kurongeka kwepamusoro, imwe semi-kupedzisa inogona kudikanwa usati wapedza.
Mushure meiyo roughing stage, zvinokurudzirwa kubvumira zvikamu kuti zvitonhore zvakasikwa. Izvi zvinobatsira kubvisa kushushikana kwemukati kunogadzirwa panguva ye roughing uye kunoderedza deformation. Iyo machining allowance yakasara mushure mekuomeswa inofanira kunge yakakura kupfuura iyo inotarisirwa deformation, kazhinji pakati pe1 kusvika 2 mm. Munguva yekupedzisa, zvakakosha kuchengetedza yunifomu machining mvumo pane yakapedzwa pamusoro, kazhinji pakati pe 0.2 kusvika 0.5 mm. Kufanana uku kunovimbisa kuti chishandiso chekucheka chinoramba chiri munzvimbo yakagadzikana panguva yekugadziriswa, iyo inoderedza zvakanyanya kucheka deformation, inosimudzira kunaka kwepamusoro, uye inovimbisa kuti chigadzirwa chakarurama.
Unyanzvi hwekushanda kuderedza kushandiswa kwekugadzirisa
Aluminium zvikamu zvinokanganisa panguva yekugadzirisa. Pamusoro pezvikonzero zviri pamusoro apa, nzira yekushanda yakakoshawo mukushanda chaiko.
1. Kune zvikamu zvine zvibvumirano zvakakura zvekugadzirisa, symmetrical processing inokurudzirwa kuvandudza kupisa kupisa panguva yekugadzira uye kudzivirira kupisa. Semuenzaniso, kana uchigadzira 90mm gobvu shizha pasi kusvika 60mm, kana rimwe divi rikagayiwa pakarepo mushure merumwe rutivi, zviyero zvekupedzisira zvinogona kukonzera flatness kushivirira kwe5mm. Nekudaro, kana yakadzokororwa feed symmetrical process approach ikashandiswa, uko divi rega rega rakagadzirwa kusvika saizi yaro yekupedzisira kaviri, flatness inogona kuvandudzwa kusvika 0.3mm.
2. Kana paine makomba akawanda pamapepa ezvidimbu, hazvikurudzirwe kushandisa nzira inoteedzana yekugadzirisa yekutarisa mhango imwe panguva. Iyi nzira inogona kutungamirira kumasimba asina kuenzana pazvikamu, zvichikonzera deformation. Pane kudaro, shandisa yakaturikidzana yekugadzira nzira uko makomba ese ari muganho anogadziriswa panguva imwe chete asati aenda kune inotevera layer. Izvi zvinogonesa kunyangwe kugovaniswa kwekushushikana pazvikamu uye kuderedza njodzi ye deformation.
3. Kuderedza kutema simba uye kupisa, zvakakosha kugadzirisa chiyero chekucheka. Pakati pezvikamu zvitatu zvekucheka huwandu, huwandu hwekucheka shure hunokanganisa zvakanyanya simba rekucheka. Kana iyo machining allowance yakawandisa uye simba rekucheka panguva yekupfuura imwe chete rakawandisa, zvinogona kutungamira mukushanduka kwezvikamu, kukanganisa kuomarara kwemuchina wekushandisa spindle, uye kuderedza kusimba kwechishandiso.
Kunyange kudzikisa huwandu hwekucheka-shure kunogona kuwedzera hupenyu hurefu hwechishandiso, kunogona zvakare kudzikisira kugadzirwa kwakanaka. Nekudaro, yakakwira-kumhanya kugaya muCNC machining inogona kunyatso kugadzirisa nyaya iyi. Nekudzikisa huwandu hwekucheka kumashure uye zvichiwedzera kuwedzera chiyero chekudyisa uye muchina chishandiso kumhanya, simba rekucheka rinogona kudzikiswa pasina kukanganisa machining kugona.
4. Kutevedzana kwekucheka mabasa kwakakosha. Hutsinye machining anotarisa pakuwedzera machining kunyatsoshanda uye kuwedzera chiyero chekubvisa zvinhu pachikamu chenguva. Kazhinji, reverse milling inoshandiswa pachikamu ichi. Mukugaya reverse, zvinhu zvakawandisa kubva pamusoro pechisina chinhu zvinobviswa nekumhanya kwepamusoro uye munguva pfupi inobvira, zvichinyatso kuumba yakakosha geometric profil yedanho rekupedzisa.
Nekune rimwe divi, kupedzisa kunoisa pamberi kurongeka kwepamusoro uye mhando, zvichiita kuti pasi kugaya nzira inodiwa. Mukudzika pasi, ukobvu hwekuchekwa hunodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma kubva pahupamhi kusvika ku zero. Iyi nzira inoderedza zvakanyanya kuoma kwebasa uye inoderedza deformation yezvikamu zviri kugadzirwa.
5. Thin-walled workpieces anowanzoona deformation nekuda kwe clamping panguva yekugadzirisa, dambudziko rinoramba riripo kunyange panguva yekupedzisa. Kuti uderedze deformation iyi, zvinokurudzirwa kusunungura iyo clamping mudziyo isati yasvika saizi yekupedzisira panguva yekupedzisa. Izvi zvinobvumira workpiece kuti idzokere kune yayo yepakutanga chimiro, mushure mezvo inogona kudzoserwa zvinyoro-nyoro-inokwana chete kubata workpiece panzvimbo-zvichienderana nemanzwiro emushandisi. Iyi nzira inobatsira kuwana mhinduro dzakakodzera dzekugadzirisa.
Muchidimbu, iyo clamping force inofanirwa kuiswa padyo sezvinobvira kune inotsigira nzvimbo uye yakanangana neiyo workpiece yakasimba yakasimba axis. Kunyangwe zvakakosha kudzivirira iyo workpiece kuti isasununguke, iyo clamping simba inofanirwa kuchengetwa iri shoma kuti ive nechokwadi chemhedzisiro.
6. Paunenge uchigadzira zvidimbu zvine cavities, dzivisa kubvumira mucheki wekugaya kuti apinde akananga mukati mechinhu sechibhorani. Iyi nzira inogona kutungamira kune isina kukwana chip nzvimbo yekucheka milling, zvichikonzera matambudziko senge unsmooth chip kubviswa, kupisa kwakanyanya, kuwedzera, uye kungangoita kudonha kwechip kana kuputsika kwezvikamu.
Pane kudaro, tanga washandisa chibooreso chakakura zvakafanana kana kuti chihombe pane chinocheka chigayo kugadzira gomba rekutanga rekucheka. Mushure maizvozvi, chigayo chekucheka chinoshandiswa pakugadzira mabasa. Neimwe nzira, unogona kushandisa software yeCAM kugadzira chirongwa chekucheka-chaicho chebasa racho.
Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda kana kubvunza, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kubatainfo@anebon.com
Kukosha kwechikwata cheAnebon uye kuziva sevhisi zvakabatsira kambani kuwana mukurumbira wakanaka pakati pevatengi pasi rese nekupa zvinokwanisika.CNC machining zvikamu, CNC yekucheka zvikamu, uyeCNC lathemachining zvikamu. Chinangwa chikuru cheAnebon ndechekubatsira vatengi kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvavo. Iyo kambani yanga ichiita nhamburiko huru kugadzira win-win mamiriro kune vese uye inokugamuchira iwe kuti ubatane navo.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-27-2024