1, Kurongwa kwezviridzwa zvekuyeresa
Mudziyo wekuyeresa chinhu chakamisikidzwa chinoshandiswa kuburitsa kana kupa imwechete kana kupfuura dzinozivikanwa kukosha. Maturusi ekuyeresa anogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvinotevera zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwavo:
Chishandiso chekuyeresa-chimwechete:Chishandiso chinoratidza kukosha kumwe chete. Inogona kushandiswa kuenzanisa uye kugadzirisa zvimwe zviridzwa zvekuyeresa kana sechiyero chakajairwa kuenzanisa zvakananga nechinhu chakayerwa, senge mabhuraki ekuyeresa, makona ekuyeresa zvidhinha, nezvimwe.
Multi-value yekuyera chishandiso:Chishandiso chinogona kuratidza seti yetsika dzakafanana. Inogonawo kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa zvimwe zviridzwa zvekuyeresa kana kuenzanisa zvakananga nehuwandu hwakayerwa sechiyero, senge mutongi wemutsara.
Maturusi ekuyeresa akasarudzika:Zvishandiso zvakagadzirirwa kuyedza chaiyo parameter. Dzakajairwa dzinosanganisira dzakatsetseka mageji ekuongorora akatsetseka cylindrical maburi kana shafts, tambo geji dzekutaridza kukodzera kwetambo dzemukati kana dzekunze, ekuongorora matemplate ekuona kukwana kweakaomesesa-akaumbwa epasi contours, anoshanda geji ekuyedza kurongeka kwegungano uchishandisa yakateedzerwa gungano passability, zvichingoenda zvakadaro.
General maturusi ekuyeresa:MuChina, zviridzwa zvekuyeresa zvine zvimiro zvakapusa zvinowanzonzi maturusi ekuyeresa ese, senge vernier calipers, ekunze mamicrometer, dial zviratidzo, nezvimwe.
2, Zviratidziro zvehunyanzvi zvekuyeresa zviridzwa
Nominal value
Iko kukosha kwezita kunotsanangurwa pachishandiswa chekuyeresa kuratidza maitiro ayo kana kutungamira mashandisirwo ayo. Inosanganisira zviyero zvakamisikidzwa pachiyereso block, mutongi, makona akaiswa pakona yekuyeresa block, zvichingodaro.
Kupatsanura kukosha
Kupatsanura kukosha mutsauko pakati pezvikoshi zvinomiririrwa nemitsetse miviri yakatarisana (minimum unit value) pamutongi wechiyereso. Semuyenzaniso, kana mutsauko uripo pakati pezvikoshi zvinomiririrwa nemitsara miviri iri padhuze yakavezwa pane inosiyanisa humburumbira yekunze micrometer iri 0.01mm, ipapo kukosha kwekuparadzanisa kwechiyereso chiri 0.01mm. Kupatsanura kukosha kunomiririra hushoma hweyuniti ukoshi iyo yekuyeresa inogona kuverenga zvakananga, ichiratidza kurongeka kwayo uye kuyerwa kwayo.
Chiyero chiyero
Chiyero chechiyero ndechekubva pamuganhu wepasi kusvika kumuganhu wepamusoro wehuwandu hwakayerwa hunogona kuyerwa nemudziyo wekuyera mukati mekusatendeseka kunobvumirwa. Semuenzaniso, kuyerwa kweyero yekunze micrometer ndeye 0-25mm, 25-50mm, zvichingodaro, nepo kuyerwa kwechiyero chemuchina muenzanisi 0-180mm.
Kuyera simba
Measuring force (Measuring Force) zvinoreva kudzvanya kwekubata pakati pechiyereso chemudziyo wekuyeresa nenzvimbo yakayerwa panguva yekuyera kubata. Simba rekuyera rakawandisa rinogona kukonzera elastic deformation, nepo kusakwana simba rekuyera rinogona kukanganisa kugadzikana kwekubata.
Chikanganiso chechiratidzo
Chikanganiso chechiratidzo mutsauko uripo pakati pekuverengwa kwemudziyo wekuyera uye kukosha kwechokwadi kuri kuyerwa. Inoratidza kukanganisa kwakasiyana-siyana mumudziyo wekuyeresa pachawo. Iko kukanganisa kwechiratidzo kunosiyana panzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekushanda mukati mechiratidzo chechiridzwa. Kazhinji, mabhuroko ekuyeresa kana mamwe mazinga ane huchokwadi hwakakodzera anogona kushandiswa kuratidza kukanganisa kwechiratidzo chezviridzwa zvekuyeresa.
3, Kusarudzwa kwekuyeresa maturusi
Usati watora chero zviyero, zvakakosha kuti usarudze mudziyo wekuyera wakakodzera zvichienderana nehunhu hwechikamu chiri kuedzwa, senge kureba, hupamhi, kureba, kudzika, dhayamita rekunze, uye musiyano wechikamu. Iwe unogona kushandisa macalipers, urefu hwejeji, mamicrometer, uye majeji akadzika ezviyero zvakasiyana. A micrometer kana caliper inogona kushandiswa kuyera dhayamita yeshaft. Plug geji, block gauges, uye feeler gauges akakodzera kuyera maburi uye grooves. Shandisa sikweya rura kuyera makona chaiwo ezvikamu, R geji yekuyera R-kukosha, uye funga nezvechitatu dimension uye aniline kuyerwa kana kukwenenzverwa kwepamusoro kana kudiki kwakakodzera kushivirira kunodiwa kana pakuverenga kushivirira kwejometri. Pakupedzisira, muyedzo wekuomarara unogona kushandiswa kuyera kuoma kwesimbi.
1. Kushandiswa kweCalipers
Calipers zvishandiso zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuyera mukati nekunze dhayamita, kureba, upamhi, ukobvu, nhanho musiyano, kureba, uye kudzika kwezvinhu. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugadzirisa nekuda kwekureruka kwavo uye nekururama. Digital calipers, ine resolution ye 0.01mm, yakanyatsogadzirirwa kuyera zviyero nediki kushivirira, ichipa yakanyanya kurongeka.
Tafura kadhi: Resolution ye 0.02mm, inoshandiswa kune yakajairika saizi kuyerwa.
Vernier caliper: resolution ye 0.02mm, inoshandiswa kuyera machining kuyerwa.
Usati washandisa caliper, mapepa machena akachena anofanira kushandiswa kubvisa guruva uye tsvina nekushandisa kunze kwekuyera kwepamusoro kwekasi kuti ubate pepa jena uye wozozvibudisa kunze, uchidzokorora 2-3 nguva.
Paunenge uchishandisa caliper yekuyera, iva nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yekuyera yecaliper yakaenzana kana perpendicular kune yekuyera nzvimbo yechinhu chiri kuyerwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
Paunenge uchishandisa kuyera kudzika, kana chinhu chiri kuyerwa chine R angle, zvakakosha kuti udzivise R angle asi gara padyo nayo. Iyo yakadzika geji inofanira kuchengetwa perpendicular kune hurefu huri kuyerwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
Paunenge uchiyera cylinder ine caliper, tenderera uye kuyera muzvikamu kuti uwane kukosha kwepamusoro.
Nekuda kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemacalipers ari kushandiswa, basa rekuchengetedza rinoda kuitwa nekugona kwaro. Mushure mekushandiswa kwezuva nezuva, dzinofanirwa kucheneswa uye kuiswa mubhokisi. Usati washandiswa, chivharo chekuyeresa chinofanira kushandiswa kutarisa kururamisa kwekasi.
2. Kushandiswa kweMicrometer
Usati washandisa micrometer, chenesa panosangana uye sikuruu nzvimbo nebepa jena rakachena. Shandisa micrometer kuyera nzvimbo yekubata uye screw surface nekusunga bepa jena wobva wariburitsa kunze 2-3 nguva. Wobva wamonyorora knob kuti uone kukurumidza kusangana pakati penzvimbo. Pavanenge vakabatana zvizere, shandisa gadziridzo yakanaka. Mushure mekunge mativi ese ari maviri anyatsobatana, gadzirisa zero poindi uye woenderera mberi nechiyero. Paunenge uchiyera hardware ine micrometer, gadzirisa knob uye shandisa kugadzirisa kwakanaka kuti uone kuti workpiece inokurumidza kubatwa. Paunonzwa manzwi matatu ekudzvanya, mira uye uverenge data kubva pachiratidziro chiratidziro kana chikero. Kune zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki, zvinyoro nyoro bata nzvimbo yekubata uye screw nechigadzirwa. Paunenge uchiyera dhayamita yeshaft ine micrometer, pima mune inokwana mativi maviri uye nyora kukosha kwepamusoro muzvikamu. Ita shuwa kuti nzvimbo dzese dzekusangana dzemicrometer dzakachena nguva dzese kuderedza kuyerwa kukanganisa.
3. Kushandiswa kwemutongi wehurefu
Iyo kureba geji inonyanya kushandiswa kuyera kureba, kudzika, flatness, perpendicularity, concentricity, coaxiality, kushata kwepamusoro, giya zino kubuda, uye kudzika. Paunenge uchishandisa chiyero chekukwirira, danho rekutanga nderekutarisa kana musoro wekuyera uye akasiyana ekubatanidza zvikamu zvakasununguka.
4. Kushandiswa kwezviyero zvekunzwa
A feeler gauge akakodzera kuyera flatness, curvature, uye kutwasanuka
Kuyera kweflatness:
Isa zvikamu papuratifomu uye kuyera mukaha pakati pezvikamu nepuratifomu nejeji yekunzwa (chinyorwa: geji yekunzwa inofanira kudzvanywa zvakasimba papuratifomu pasina gwanza panguva yekuyera)
Kuyera kurongeka:
Tenderedza chikamu chiri papuratifomu kamwe chete woyera mukaha uri pakati pechikamu nepuratifomu negeji yekunzwa.
Kupeta kuyerwa:
Isa zvikamu papuratifomu uye sarudza inoenderana inofefetera geji kuyera mukaha pakati pemativi maviri kana pakati pezvikamu nepuratifomu.
Verticality kuyerwa:
Isa divi rimwe rekona yekurudyi yezero yakayerwa papuratifomu, woisa rimwe divi zvakasimba uchipikisana nererura yekona. Shandisa geji yekunzwa kuyera mukaha wepamusoro pakati pechikamu uye chekurudyi chekona.
5. Kushandiswa kweplug geji (tsono):
Inokodzera kuyera dhayamita yemukati, groove upamhi, uye kucheneswa kwemakomba.
Kana dhayamita regomba riri muchikamu rikakura uye pasina jeji yetsono yakakodzera iripo, mageji maviri eplug anogona kushandiswa pamwe chete kuyera munzira ye360-degree. Kuchengeta mageji eplug ari munzvimbo uye kuita kuyerwa kuve nyore, anogona kuchengetedzwa pane magineti V-yakaita block block.
Aperture kuyerwa
Kuyera kwegomba remukati: Pakuyera nzvimbo, kupinda kunoonekwa sekwakakodzera, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo unotevera.
Chenjerera: Pakuyera neplug geji, inofanirwa kuiswa yakamira uye kwete diagonally.
6. Chimbo chekuyeresa chakarurama: anime
Anime isiri-yekubata yekuyeresa chiridzwa chinopa yakakwira kuita uye nemazvo. Chinhu chekunzwa chechinhu chekuyeresa hachibatanidzi zvakananga pamusoro peiyo kuyerwazvikamu zvekurapa, saka hapana mechanical simba rinoshanda pachiyero.
Anime inotumira mufananidzo wakatorwa kune kadhi rekutora data rekombuta kuburikidza nekufungidzira kuburikidza nemutsara wedata, uyezve software inoratidza mifananidzo pakombuta. Inogona kuyera zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvejometri (mapoinzi, mitsetse, madenderedzwa, arcs, ellipses, rectangles), nhambwe, makona, mharadzano mapoinzi, uye kushivirira kwenzvimbo (kutenderera, kutwasuka, parallelism, perpendicularity, inclination, positional accuracy, concentricity, symmetry) pazvikamu. , uye inogonawo kuita 2D contour dhizaini uye CAD kubuda. Ichi chiridzwa hachingotenderi iyo contour yeworkpiece kuti ionekwe asi inogona zvakare kuyera chimiro chepamusoro che opaque workpieces.
Chiyero chegeometric element: Denderedzwa remukati muchikamu chinoratidzwa mumufananidzo ikona yakapinza uye inogona kuyerwa chete nekufungidzira.
Kucherechedzwa kwe electrode machining surface: iyo anime lens ine magnification basa rekuongorora kushata mushure mekugadzira electrode (kurisa chifananidzo neka100).
Diki saizi yakadzika groove kuyerwa
Kuonekwa kwegedhi:Munguva yekugadzira mold, pane kazhinji mamwe masuwo akavanzwa mune slot, uye akasiyana ekuona zviridzwa hazvibvumidzwe kuyera iwo. Kuti tiwane saizi yegedhi, tinogona kushandisa dope rerabha kuti tinamate pagedhi rerubha. Zvadaro, chimiro chegedhi rerubha chichadhindwa pavhu. Mushure meizvozvo, ukuru hwetampu yevhu hunogona kuyerwa uchishandisa nzira yecaliper.
Ongorora: Sezvo pasina simba remagetsi panguva yekuyera anime, kuyerwa kweanime kuchashandiswa kusvika pazvinogoneka kune zvigadzirwa zvitete uye zvakapfava.
7. Kuyera midziyo yekuyera: matatu-dimensional
Hunhu hwekuyera kwe 3D hunosanganisira kunyatsojeka (kusvika µm nhanho) uye pasi rose. Inogona kushandiswa kuyera zvinhu zvejometri zvakaita semasilinda nemakoni, kushivirira kwejometri senge cylindricity, flatness, line profile, surface profile, uye coaxial, uye yakaoma nzvimbo. Chero bedzi iyo matatu-dimensional probe ichikwanisa kusvika panzvimbo, inogona kuyera geometric dimensions, mutual chinzvimbo, uye chimiro chepamusoro. Uyezve, makomputa anogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa data. Nekurongeka kwayo kwepamusoro, kuchinjika, uye kugona kwedhijitari, kuyerwa kwe3D kwave chinhu chakakosha chekugadzirisa mold yemazuva ano, kugadzira, uye kuvimbiswa kwemhando.
Mamwe ma mold ari kugadziridzwa uye parizvino haana 3D mifananidzo iripo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kukosha kwekuronga kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvisingaenzaniswi zvepasi contours zvinogona kuyerwa. Aya zviyero zvinogona kutumirwa kunze kwenyika uchishandisa yekudhirowa software kugadzira 3D mifananidzo yakavakirwa pane zvakayerwa zvinhu. Iyi nzira inogonesa kukurumidza uye kwakaringana kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa. Mushure mekuisa zvigadziriso, chero poindi inogona kushandiswa kuyera iyo coordination values.
Paunenge uchishanda nezvikamu zvakagadziriswa, zvinogona kunetsa kuratidza kuenderana nedhizaini kana kuona kusakwana panguva yegungano, kunyanya kana uchibata neasina kujairika pamusoro pemakona. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, hazvibviri kuyera zvinhu zvejometri zvakananga. Nekudaro, modhi ye3D inogona kutengwa kunze kwenyika kuti ienzanise zviyero nezvikamu, zvichibatsira kuona zvikanganiso zvemuchina. Huwandu hwakayerwa hunomiririra kutsauswa pakati pehunhu chaihwo uye hwedzidziso, uye hunogona kugadziriswa nekunatsiridzwa zviri nyore. (Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoratidza data rekutsauswa pakati pezvakayerwa uye dzidziso tsika).
8. Kushandiswa kwekuomarara tester
Iwo anowanzo shandiswa ekuomarara tester ndeye Rockwell kuomarara tester (desktop) uye Leeb kuomarara tester (inotakurika). Iwo anowanzo shandiswa ekuomarara zvikamu Rockwell HRC, Brinell HB, uye Vickers HV.
Rockwell kuomarara tester HR (desktop kuomarara tester)
Iyo Rockwell kuomarara bvunzo nzira inoshandisa ingave yedhaimani koni ine pamusoro pekona ye120 madhigirii kana bhora resimbi rine dhayamita re1.59/3.18mm. Izvi zvakatsikirirwa pamusoro pezvinhu zvakaedzwa pasi pemumwe mutoro, uye kuoma kwezvinhu kunotsanangurwa nekudzika kwemukati. Kuoma kwakasiyana kwezvinhu kunogona kukamurwa kuita zviyero zvitatu zvakasiyana: HRA, HRB, uye HRC.
HRA inoyera kuomarara ichishandisa 60kg mutoro uye dhaimondi cone indenter, uye inoshandiswa pazvinhu zvine kuoma kwakanyanya, senge hard alloy.
HRB inoyera kuomarara ichishandisa 100kg mutoro uye dhayamita 1.58mm yakadzima bhora resimbi, uye inoshandiswa kune zvinhu zvine kuomarara kwakaderera, senge simbi yakanyungudutswa, simbi yakakandwa, uye alloy copper.
HRC inoyera kuomarara ichishandisa 150kg mutoro uye dhaimondi cone indenter, uye inoshandiswa kune zvinhu zvine kuomarara kwakanyanya, senge simbi yakadzima, simbi yakapfava, inodzima uye simbi yakapfava, uye imwe simbi isina tsvina.
Vickers kuoma HV (kunyanya kuyera kuoma kwepasi)
Kuti uongorore microscopic, shandisa diamond square cone indenter ine kuremerwa kwe120 kg uye kona yepamusoro ye136 ° kudzvanya mukati meiyo zvinhu uye kuyera kureba kwediagonal kweiyo indentation. Iyi nzira yakakodzera yekuongorora kuomarara kwezvishandiso zvakakura uye zvakadzika pamusoro pematanho.
Leeb kuomarara HL (portable hardness tester)
Leeb kuomarara inzira yekuyedza kuomarara. Iyo Leeb kuomarara kukosha inoverengerwa sereshiyo ye rebound velocity yeinokanganisa muviri weiyo hardness sensor kune inokanganisa velocity iri chinhambwe che1mm kubva pamusoro pechishandiso panguva yekukanganisa.cnc kugadzira nzira, yakapetwa ne1000.
Zvakanakira:Muongorori wekuomarara kweLeeb, zvichibva padzidziso yekuoma kweLeeb, akashandura nzira dzechinyakare dzekuedza kuomarara. Iyo diki saizi yehukukutu sensor, yakafanana neyepeni, inobvumira kuomeswa kwekuomeswa kweruoko pazvishandiso munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana panzvimbo yekugadzira, kugona kunonetsa kune vamwe desktop hardness testers.
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