7 matanho ekushandisa CNC Machining Center

1. Kugadzirira kwekutanga

 

Mushure mekutanga-yega-yega kana yekumisikidza kumisa patsva kwechishandiso chemuchina, tanga wadzokera kune referensi zero chinzvimbo chemuchina (kureva dzokera ku zero), kuitira kuti muchina wemuchina uve nenzvimbo yereferensi pakushanda kwayo kunotevera.

 

2. Clamping workpiece

 

Pamberi pebasa rinosungirirwa, nzvimbo dzinofanira kucheneswa kutanga, pasina tsvina yemafuta, simbi machipisi uye guruva, uye maburrs ari pamusoro pebasa rekushanda achabviswa nefaira (kana mafuta).cnc machining chikamu

 

Iyo njanji inomhanya-mhanya yekusungirira inofanirwa kugadzika pasi uye yakatsetseka nemuchina wekukuya. Iyo block iron uye nati inofanirwa kuve yakasimba uye inogona kusungirira iyo workpiece yakavimbika. Kune mamwe madiki maworkpiece anonetsa kusungirira, anogona kusungirirwa zvakananga pane ingwe. Tafura yekushanda yemuchina wemuchina inofanirwa kuve yakachena uye isina machipisi esimbi, guruva uye mafuta mavara. Iyo padhi iron inowanzoiswa pamakona mana ebasa rekushanda. Kune ma workpieces ane yakawandisa span, zvinodikanwa kuwedzera iyo yakakwirira padhi simbi pakati.cnc milling chikamu

 

Tarisa kuti kureba, hupamhi uye urefu hwezvishandiso zvinogoneka nekushandisa mutemo wekudhonza zvinoenderana nehukuru hwekudhirowa.

 

Paunenge uchisunga iyo workpiece, zvinoenderana neiyo clamping uye yekuisa maitiro eiyo programming mashandiro ekuraira, zvinodikanwa kufunga kudzivirira zvikamu zvekugadzirisa uye mamiriro ekuti musoro wekucheka ungasangana neclamp panguva yekugadzirisa.cnc yakagadzirwa

 

Mushure mekunge iyo workpiece yaiswa pane saizi block, iyo inonongedza pamusoro peiyo workpiece inodhirowewa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekudhirowa, uye iyo perpendicularity yeworkpiece yakagayiwa pamativi matanhatu ichatariswa kuti ione kana inokodzera.

 

Mushure mekupedzwa kwekudhirowa kwekushanda, nut inofanira kusimbiswa kuti irege kushanduka-shanduka panguva yekugadzirwa nekuda kwekuvhara kusina kuchengeteka; dhonza basa-chidimbu zvakare kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chikanganiso hachina kudarika chikanganiso mushure mekuvhara.

 

3. Kudhumhana nhamba workpieces

 

Kune iyo yakasungirirwa workpiece, huwandu hwemapundu hunogona kushandiswa kuona iyo referensi zero chinzvimbo chekugadzira, uye huwandu hwemapundu hunogona kunge huri photoelectric kana mechanic. Kune marudzi maviri enzira: nhamba yekudhumhana kwepakati uye nhamba yekudhumhana kamwe. Matanho enhamba yekudhumhana kwepakati ndeaya anotevera:

 

Photoelectric static, mechanic kumhanya 450 ~ 600rpm. Nemaoko fambisa x-axis yetabhenakeri yekushanda kuti musoro unodhumhana ubate rimwe divi rebasa. Kana musoro unodhumhana uchingobata workpiece uye mwenje dzvuku wakabatidzwa, isa kukosha kwehukama hwepano kusvika zero. Wobva wafambisa nemaoko x-axis yetabhenakeri yekushanda kuti musoro unodhumhana ubate kune rimwe divi rebasa. Kana musoro unodhumhana uchingobata workpiece, rekodha hama inoronga panguva ino.

 

Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hunokosha kubvisa dhayamita yemusoro wekudhumhana (kureva kureba kwechishandiso), tarisa kana kureba kwechishandiso kunosangana nezvinodiwa zvekudhirowa.

 

Gurai iyi hama yekubatanidza nhamba ne2, uye kukosha kunoguma ndiko kukosha kwepakati kwe x-axis yeworkpiece. Wobva wafambisa iyo tafura yebasa kune kukosha kwepakati kweiyo x-axis, uye isa kukosha kwehukama hweiyi X-axis kuenda ku zero, inova iyo zero chinzvimbo che x-axis yeworkpiece.

 

Ngwarira kurekodha kukosha kwemakanikaniti yenzvimbo ye zero pane x-axis yebasa rekushanda mune imwe yeG54-G59, uye rega chishandiso chemuchina chitarise nzvimbo ye zero pane x-axis yebasa rekushanda. Tarisa kurongeka kwedata zvakanyatsonaka zvakare. Maitiro ekuseta zero chinzvimbo cheY-axis yeworkpiece yakafanana neye x-axis.

 

4. Gadzirira maturusi ese maererano nehurongwa hwekuita kuraira

 

Zvinoenderana nedhata remudziyo mukuraira kwekushanda kwechirongwa, tsiva chishandiso kuti chigadziriswe, rega chishandiso chibate chiyereso chehurefu chakaiswa pandege yereferensi, uye isa kukosha kwekuronga kwepano kusvika zero kana mwenje dzvuku wekuyera. mudziyo wabatidzwa. Magazini yeMold man inotaura zvakanaka, yakakodzera kutariswa! Fambisa chishandiso kunzvimbo yakachengetedzeka, nemaoko fambisa chishandiso pasi 50mm, uye isa iyo yehukama kukosha kweiyo poindi kuenda ku zero zvakare, inova iyo zero chinzvimbo cheZ axis.

 

Rekodha iyo mechanic coordinate Z kukosha kweiyi poindi mune imwe yeG54-G59. Izvi zvinopedzisa zero kuseta kweX, y uye Z maaxes ebasa rekushanda. Tarisa kurongeka kwedata zvakanyatsonaka zvakare.

 

Nhamba yekudhumhana yedivi rimwe inobatawo divi rimwe re x-axis uye Y-axis yebasa rekushanda zvinoenderana nenzira iri pamusoro. Gadzirisa kukosha kwehumwe hunoenderana hwe x-axis uye Y-axis yepano kusvika kune radius yemusoro wenhamba, inova nzvimbo ye zero ye x-axis uye y-axis. Chekupedzisira, rekodha ma mechanic coordinates e x-axis uye Y-axis yepoindi mune imwe yeG54-G59. Tarisa kurongeka kwedata zvakanyatsonaka zvakare.

 

Tarisa iko kurongeka kwe zero point, fambisa iyo X uye Y axes kudivi rakamiswa reworkpiece, uye nekuona kurongeka kwe zero point zvinoenderana nehukuru hweworkpiece.

 

Kopa faira rechirongwa kumakombuta zvinoenderana negwara refaira rekuraira kwekuita basa.

 

5. Kugadzika kwekugadzirisa parameters

 

Kugadzika kwespindle kumhanya mukugadzira: n = 1000 × V / (3.14 × d)

 

N: kumhanya kwe spindle (RPM / min)

 

V: kumhanya kwekucheka (M / min)

 

D: mudziyo dhayamita (mm)

 

Feed yekumhanyisa kuseta yekugadzira: F = n × m × FN

 

F: kumhanya kwekudya (mm / min)

 

M: nhamba yekucheka mitsetse

 

FN: kucheka huwandu hwechishandiso (mm / shanduko)

 

Kucheka huwandu hweseti yemupendero wega wega: FN = Z × FZ

 

Z: nhamba yemashizha emudziyo

 

FZ: kucheka huwandu hwega rega rechishandiso (mm / shanduko)

 

6. Tanga kugadzirisa

 

Pakutanga kwepurogiramu yega yega, zvinodikanwa kunyatsoongorora kana chishandiso chinoshandiswa chiri icho chakataurwa mubhuku remirayiridzo. Pakutanga kwekugadzira, kukurumidza kwekudya kuchagadziriswa kusvika kune zvishoma, uye ichaitwa muchikamu chimwe chete. Pakuisa, kudonha uye kudyisa nokukurumidza, inofanira kuiswa. Kana pane dambudziko nekiyi yekumisa, mira nekukurumidza. Teerera kutarisa mafambiro eanocheka kuti ave nechokwadi chekudya kwakachengeteka, uye wobva wawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kukurumidza kwekudya kusvika padanho rakakodzera. Panguva imwecheteyo, wedzera mhepo inotonhorera kana inotonhora kune anocheka uye workpiece.

 

Iyo rough machining haizove kure zvakanyanya kubva pane control panel, uye muchina uchamiswa kuti uongororwe kana paine chinokanganisa.

 

Mushure mekuita roughening, dhonza mita zvakare kuti uone kuti workpiece haina kusununguka. Kana iripo, inofanira kudzokororwa uye kubatwa.

 

Muchigadziro chekugadzirisa, maitiro ekugadzirisa anogara akagadziridzwa kuti awane yakanakisa kugadzirisa maitiro.

 

Sezvo iyi nzira iri iyo yakakosha maitiro, mushure mekunge workpiece yagadziriswa, iyo huru dimension kukosha ichayerwa kuti ione kana ichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekudhirowa. Kana paine dambudziko, pakarepo zivisa mutungamiri wechikwata kana programmer ari pabasa kuti atarise nekurigadzirisa. Inogona kubviswa mushure mekupfuura kuzviongorora, uye inofanirwa kutumirwa kune inspector kuti iongororwe yakakosha.

 

Kugadzira mhando: kugadzirwa kwegomba: usati wachera panzvimbo yekugadzira, chibooreso chepakati chinofanira kushandiswa pakuisa, ipapo chibooreso chine 0.5 ~ 2mm idiki pane saizi yekudhirowa ichashandiswa kuchera, uye pakupedzisira dhiri rakakodzera richashandiswa. kupedza.

 

Reaming kugadzirisa: kuti udzore workpiece, tanga washandisa chibooreso chepakati chekumisikidza, wobva washandisa dhiri 0.5 ~ 0.3mm idiki pane saizi yekudhirowa kudhirowa, uye pakupedzisira shandisa reamer kudzosera gomba. Chenjerera kudzora kumhanya kwespindle mukati me70 ~ 180rpm / min panguva yekudzokorora.

 

Boring processing: kuitira kufinha kugadzirwa kwezvishandiso, tanga washandisa chibhorani chepakati kuti uwane, wobva washandisa dhiri iyo iri 1-2mm idiki pane saizi yekudhirowa kudhiza, wobva washandisa coarse boring cutter (kana milling cutter) kugadzirisa. Kurutivi rworuboshwe neine chete 0.3mm machining mvumo, uye pakupedzisira shandisa yakanaka inofinha yekucheka ine pre yakagadziridzwa saizi kuti upedze kufinha, uye yekupedzisira yakanaka inobhowa mvumo haizove isingasviki 0.1mm.

 

Yakananga manhamba kudzora (DNC) mashandiro: pamberi peDNC nhamba yekudzora gadziriso, iyo workpiece ichasungwa, iyo zero chinzvimbo ichaiswa, uye maparameter achaiswa. Vhura chirongwa chekugadzirisa kuti chiendeswe mukombuta kuti iongororwe, wobva warega komputa ichipinda muDNC state, uye isa zita refaira rechirongwa chekugadzirisa. Daren micro siginecha: mujuren anodzvanya tepi kiyi uye chirongwa chekutanga kiyi pamuchina chishandiso, uye izwi rekuti LSK rinopenya pamuchina wekushandisa muchina. Dzvanya kiibhodhi yekupinda pakombuta kugadzirisa iyo DNC data kutapurirana.

 

7. Zviri mukati uye chiyero chekuzviongorora

 

Isati yagadziriswa, processor inofanirwa kuona zvakajeka zviri mukati meiyo kadhi rekuita, kuziva zvakajeka zvikamu zvinogadziriswa, maumbirwo, zviyero zvedhirowa uye kuziva zviri mukati meiyo inotevera maitiro.

 

Usati warovera workpiece, ona kana saizi isina chinhu ichisangana nezvinodiwa zvekudhirowa, uye tarisa kana kuiswa kweworkpiece kunoenderana nemirairo yekushanda kwechirongwa.

 

Kuzviongorora pachako kuchaitwa munguva mushure mekuita rough machining, kuitira kugadzirisa iyo data nekukanganisa munguva. Izvo zvirimo zvekuzviongorora zvinonyanya chinzvimbo uye saizi yezvigadziriso zvikamu. Somuenzaniso: kana workpiece yakasununguka; kana workpiece yakanyatsoparadzaniswa; kana chiyero kubva pachikamu chekugadzirisa kusvika kumucheto wekutarisa (reference point) inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekudhirowa; uye chiyero chenzvimbo pakati pezvikamu zvekugadzirisa. Mushure mekutarisa chinzvimbo uye chiyero, pima iyo yakaomesesa mashini chimiro mutongi (kusanganisa arc).

 

Kupedza machining kunogona chete kuitwa mushure mehukasha machining uye kuzviongorora wega. Mushure mekupedza, vashandi vachazviongorora ivo pachavo pachimiro uye saizi yezvikamu zvakagadziriswa: ongorora hurefu hwekutanga uye hupamhi hwezvikamu zvakagadziriswa zvepasi rakamira; kuyera base point saizi yakanyorwa padhirowa yezvikamu zvakagadziriswa zvenzvimbo yakarerekera.

 

Vashandi vanogona kubvisa iyo workpiece voitumira kune inspector kuti iongororwe zvakanyanya mushure mekupedza kuzviongorora kwega kwechishandiso uye kusimbisa kuti inoenderana nemadhirowa uye maitiro ekuita.

 

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