Kuti ushandise zvizere kugona kweCNC machining, vagadziri vanofanirwa kugadzira zvinoenderana neyakagadzika mitemo yekugadzira. Nekudaro, izvi zvinogona kunetsa nekuti chaiyo indasitiri zviyero hazvipo. Muchikamu chino, takanyora gwara rakazara kune akanakisa dhizaini maitiro eCNC machining. Isu takatarisana nekutsanangura kugona kweazvino CNC masisitimu uye hatina hanya nemitengo yakabatana. Kuti uwane gwara rekuita zvinodhura zvikamu zveCNC, tarisa kuchinyorwa ichi.
CNC Machining
CNC machining inzira inobvisa yekugadzira. MuCNC, maturusi ekucheka akasiyana-siyana anotenderera nekumhanya kukuru (zviuru zveRPM) anoshandiswa kubvisa zvinhu kubva padombo rakasimba kuitira kugadzira chikamu chinoenderana neCAD modhi. Zvese simbi nemapurasitiki zvinogona kugadzirwa uchishandisa CNC.
CNC machining inopa yakakwira dimensional kurongeka uye kushivirira kwakasimba kwakakodzera kune ese akakwira-vhoriyamu kugadzirwa uye rimwe-off mabasa. Muchokwadi, parizvino ndiyo inonyanya kudhura nzira yekugadzira simbi prototypes, kunyangwe kana ichienzaniswa ne3D kudhinda.
CNC Main Dhizaini Mitemo
CNC inopa yakakura dhizaini kuchinjika, asi pane zvimwe zvipimo zvekugadzira. Izvi zvipingamupinyi zvine chekuita neiyo yakakosha mechanics yekucheka maitiro, kunyanya kune chishandiso geometry uye kuwana chishandiso.
1. Chimiro Chimiro
Maturusi eCNC anonyanyozivikanwa, akadai semaguyo uye madhiri, ane cylindrical uye ane hurefu hushoma hwekucheka. Sezvo zvinhu zvichibviswa kubva pachishandiso, chimiro chechishandiso chinodzokororwa pachikamu chakagadzirwa.
Semuenzaniso, izvi zvinoreva kuti makona emukati echikamu cheCNC achagara aine radius, zvisinei nehukuru hwechishandiso chinoshandiswa.
2. Tool Calling
Paunenge uchibvisa zvinhu, chishandiso chinoswedera kune workpiece zvakananga kubva kumusoro. Izvi hazvigone kuitwa neCNC machining, kunze kweiyo undercuts, yatichakurukura gare gare.
Iyo yakanaka dhizaini dhizaini yekuenzanisa ese maficha e modhi, senge maburi, makomba, uye madziro akatwasuka, aine imwe yematanho matanhatu emakadhinari. Iyi izano rakawanda pane kurambidzwa, kunyanya sezvo 5-axis CNC masisitimu achipa epamberi basa rekubata.
Tooling ndeyekunetsekana kana uchigadzira zvikamu zvine maficha ane hombe chiyero. Semuyenzaniso, kusvika kuzasi kwegomba rakadzika kunoda chishandiso chakasarudzika chine shaft refu, iyo inogona kuderedza kupera kwekuita kuomarara, kuwedzera vibration, uye kuderedza huchokwadi hunogoneka.
CNC Maitiro Dhizaini Mitemo
Paunenge uchigadzira zvikamu zveCNC machining, rimwe rematambudziko kusavapo kweiyo indasitiri zviyero. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti CNC muchina uye vagadziri vezvishandiso vari kuramba vachiwedzera kugona kwavo kwehunyanzvi, nekudaro vachiwedzera huwandu hwezvingawanikwa. Pazasi, isu takapa tafura inopfupikisa yakakurudzirwa uye inogoneka kukosha kune yakajairika maficha anowanikwa muCNC michina zvikamu.
1. Homwe uye Reces
Rangarira chinyorwa chinotevera: “Inokurudzirwa Kudzika Kwehomwe: 4 Times Pocket Width. Zvigayo zvekupedzisira zvine hurefu hushoma hwekucheka, kazhinji 3-4 nguva dhayamita yavo. Kana kudzika-kusvika-kufara kwereshiyo kuri diki, nyaya dzakadai sekutsauswa kwechishandiso, chip evacuation, uye vibration zvinova zvine mukurumbira. Kuti uve nechokwadi chezvibereko zvakanaka, dzikamisa kudzika kwegomba kusvika ka4 paupamhi hwayo.”
Kana iwe uchida humwe hudzamu, ungada kufunga nezvekugadzira chikamu chine kudzika kwegomba rakasiyana (ona mufananidzo uri pamusoro semuenzaniso). Kana zvasvika kune yakadzika mhango milling, gomba rinorongwa seyakadzika kana kudzika kwaro kwakapfuura katanhatu dhayamita yechishandiso chiri kushandiswa. Special tooling inobvumira kudzika kwakadzika kwemasendimita makumi matatu ne 1-inch diayameter end mill, iyo yakaenzana nedhayamita yemudziyo kusvika kugomba kudzika reshiyo ye30:1.
2. Mukati memucheto
Vertical kona radius: ⅓ x mhango kudzika (kana kupfuura) inokurudzirwa
Izvo zvakakosha kushandisa yakakurudzirwa mukati mekona radius kukosha pakusarudza iyo chaiyo saizi chishandiso uye kuomerera kune yakakurudzirwa kudzika kwegomba nhungamiro. Kuwedzera zvishoma chikamu chekona pamusoro pemutengo unokurudzirwa (semuenzaniso, ne 1 mm) inoita kuti chishandiso chicheke nenzira yedenderedzwa pane pakona ye90 °, izvo zvinoita kuti pave nani kupera. Kana 90 ° yakapinza mukati mekona ichidikanwa, funga kuwedzera T-yakaita undercut pane kuderedza mativi ekona. Kune radius yepasi, zviyero zvinokurudzirwa 0.5 mm, 1 mm, kana pasina radius; zvisinei, chero radius inogamuchirwa. Mucheto wezasi weguyo rekupedzisira rakati sandara kana kuti rakatenderedzwa zvishoma. Imwe pasi radii inogona kugadzirwa uchishandisa bhora-magumo maturusi. Kuomerera kune zvakakurudzirwa tsika itsika yakanaka sezvo iriyo sarudzo inosarudzika kune machinists.
3. Mudhuri mutete
Minimum rusvingo ukobvu mazano: 0.8 mm (simbi), 1.5 mm (purasitiki); 0.5 mm (simbi), 1.0 mm (plastiki) inogamuchirwa
Kuderedza ukobvu hwemadziro kunoderedza kuomarara kwechinhu, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kuzununguka panguva yekugadzira uye kuderedzwa kunokwanisa kugoneka. Plastiki ine tsika yekuchinjika nekuda kwekusarira kushushikana uye kupfava nekuda kwekuwedzera tembiricha, saka, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa yakakura shoma madziro ukobvu.
4. Gomba
Diameter Standard drill sizes inokurudzirwa. Chero dhayamita inopfuura 1 mm inogoneka. Kugadzira maburi kunoitwa nechibooreso kana kuperacnc yakagadzirwa. Saizi dzeDrill dzakamisikidzwa mune metric uye imperial zvikamu. Reamers uye maturusi anofinha anoshandiswa kupedza maburi anoda kushivirira kwakasimba. Pamadhayamita asingasviki ⌀20 mm, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa madhayamita akajairwa.
Kudzika kwepamusoro kwakakurudzirwa 4 x zita rezita; yakajairika 10 x zita dhayamita; zvinogoneka 40 x zita dhayamita
Maburi edhayamita asina mwero anofanirwa kugadzirwa pachishandiswa guyo rekugumisira. Muchiitiko ichi, iyo yakanyanya kudzika muganho wegomba inoshanda, uye inokurudzirwa kushandisa iyo yakanyanya kudzika kukosha. Kana iwe uchida kugadzira maburi akadzika kupfuura kukosha kwakajairika, shandisa chibooreso chine dhayamita shoma ye3 mm. Mabofu akagadzirwa ane chibooreso ane chigadziko chakatsetseka chine 135° angle, ukuwo maburi anogadzirwa neguyo rekugumisira akati sandara. MuCNC machining, hapana chakasarudzika pakati pemakomba nemapofu.
5. Threads
Iyo shoma saizi yeshinda ndeye M2. Inokurudzirwa kushandisa M6 kana tambo huru. Tambo dzemukati dzinogadzirwa pachishandiswa matepi, ukuwo shinda dzekunze dzinogadzirwa pachishandiswa kufa. Matepi uye anofa anogona kushandiswa kugadzira M2 tambo. CNC threading maturusi anoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye anofarirwa nemachinists nekuti anoderedza njodzi yekuputsika kwepombi. CNC threading zvishandiso zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzira M6 tambo.
Hurefu hweshinda hushoma 1.5 x zita dhayamita; 3 x zita dhayamita inokurudzirwa
Mazino mashoma ekutanga anotakura mitoro yakawanda pashinda (kusvika 1.5 times the nominal diameter). Saka, shinda dzakakura kudarika katatu dhayamita yezita hazvidikanwe. Kune shinda dziri mumaburi mapofu dzakagadzirwa nepombi (kureva kuti shinda dzese idiki pane M6), wedzera hurefu husina kuverengwa hwakaenzana neka1.5 kuzasi kwegomba.
Kana CNC maturusi eshinda anogona kushandiswa (kureva shinda dzakakura kupfuura M6), gomba rinogona kukwizwa kuburikidza nehurefu hwaro hwese.
6. Zviduku Zviduku
Iyo shoma yakakurudzirwa gomba dhayamita i2.5 mm (0.1 mukati); hushoma hwe 0.05 mm (0.005 mukati) inogamuchirwa zvakare. Zvizhinji zvezvitoro zvemuchina zvinokwanisa kunyatso gadzira maburi madiki nemaburi.
Chero chinhu chiri pasi pemuganho uyu chinoonekwa se micromachining.CNC kunyatsogayazvinhu zvakadaro (apo kusiyanisa kwemuviri kwemaitiro ekucheka kuri mukati meiyi chiyero) kunoda maturusi ehunyanzvi (micro drills) uye ruzivo rwenyanzvi, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuti uzvidzivirire kunze kwekunge zvichidikanwa.
7. Kushivirira
Chiyero: ±0.125 mm (0.005 mukati)
Yakajairika: ±0.025 mm (0.001 mukati)
Kuita: ±0.0125 mm (0.0005 mukati)
Kushivirira kunogadza miganhu inogamuchirwa yezviyero. Izvo zvinogoneka kushivirira zvinoenderana nechikamu chakakosha zviyero uye geometry. Mitemo inopiwa inhungamiro inoshanda. Mukushaikwa kwekushivirira kwakatsanangurwa, mazhinji mashopu emuchina achashandisa yakajairwa ± 0.125 mm (0.005 mu) kushivirira.
8. Zvinyorwa uye Manyorero
Saizi yefonti yakakurudzirwa imakumi maviri (kana kuti yakakura), uye 5 mm mabhii
Mavara akatemerwa anodiwa pane akanyorwa nekuti anobvisa zvinhu zvishoma. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa sans-serif font, yakadai seMicrosoft YaHei kana Verdana, ine saizi yemafonti inosvika makumi maviri. Michina yakawanda yeCNC ine pre-yakarongwa maitiro emafonti aya.
Machine Setup uye Chikamu Oriental
Dhiyagiramu yechirongwa chechikamu chinoda maseti akawanda inoratidzwa pazasi:
Kuwana kwechishandiso chinhu chakakosha muganho mukugadzirwa kweCNC machining. Kuti usvike kune ese maficha emuenzaniso, workpiece inofanirwa kutenderedzwa kakawanda. Semuenzaniso, chikamu chinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro chinoda kutenderedzwa katatu: kaviri kugadzira maburi mumativi maviri ekutanga uye kechitatu kuwana kumashure kwechikamu. Nguva imwe neimwe iyo workpiece inotenderedzwa, muchina unofanirwa kudzokororwa, uye itsva coordination system inofanirwa kutsanangurwa.
Funga nezvemichina setups paunenge uchigadzira zvikonzero zviviri zvikuru:
1. Nhamba yose yezvigadziro zvemichina inokanganisa mutengo. Kutenderera uye kugadzirisa chikamu kunoda kushanda nesimba uye kunowedzera yakazara machining nguva. Kana chikamu chichida kutenderedzwa 3-4 nguva, inowanzogamuchirwa, asi chero chinhu chinopfuura ichi chinodarika.
2. Kuti uwane hupamhi hwepamusoro hwechinzvimbo chechokwadi, zvese zviri zviviri zvinofanirwa kugadzirwa mune imwechete setup. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo nyowani yekufona nhanho inosuma diki (asi isina-inoregeredza) kukanganisa.
Mashanu-Axis CNC Machining
Paunenge uchishandisa 5-axis CNC machining, kudiwa kwemashini akawanda setups kunogona kubviswa. Multi-axis CNC machining inogona kugadzira zvikamu zvine yakaoma geometries nekuti inopa maviri ekuwedzera mademo ekutenderera.
Mashanu-axis CNC machining anobvumira chishandiso kugara chiri tangential kune yekucheka nzvimbo. Izvi zvinogonesa nzira dzakaomarara uye dzinoshanda dzematurusi kuti dzitevedzwe, zvichikonzera kuti zvikamu zvine zvirinani kupera kwepamusoro uye nguva pfupi dzekugadzira.
Zvisinei,5 axis cnc machininginewo miganhu yayo. Basic turusi geometry uye zvirambidzo zvekuwana zvekushandisa zvichiri kushanda, semuenzaniso, zvikamu zvine yemukati geometry haigone kugadzirwa. Uyezve, mutengo wekushandisa masisitimu akadaro wakakwira.
Kugadzira Undercuts
Undercuts zvinhu zvisingagone kugadzirwa neyakajairwa kucheka maturusi nekuti mamwe emeso avo haawanikwe zvakananga kubva kumusoro. Kune maviri makuru marudzi e undercuts: T-slots uye dovetails. Undercuts inogona kuve-imwe-divi kana kaviri-mativi uye inogadzirwa nehunyanzvi maturusi.
T-slot yekucheka maturusi anonyanya kugadzirwa neyakachinjika yekucheka inoiswa yakasungirirwa kune vertical shaft. Upamhi hweiyo undercut inogona kusiyana pakati pe3 mm ne40 mm. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa zviyero zvakajairwa (kureva, millimeter yese increments kana zvikamu zvakajairwa zvemainchi) pahupamhi nekuti chishandiso chinogona kunge chiripo.
Kune maturusi edovetail, kona ndiyo inotsanangura chimiro. 45 ° uye 60 ° dovetail maturusi anoonekwa seyakajairwa.
Paunenge uchigadzira chikamu chine undercuts pamadziro emukati, yeuka kuwedzera yakakwana clearance kune chishandiso. Mutemo wakanaka wegunwe kuwedzera nzvimbo pakati pemadziro akagadzirwa uye chero mamwe mukati memadziro akaenzana nekanenge kana kana kudzika kweiyo undercut.
Kune maturusi akajairwa, chiyero chakajairwa pakati pekucheka dhayamita uye shaft dhayamita i2: 1, ichidzikamisa kudzika kwekucheka. Kana isiri-yakajairwa undercut ichidikanwa, zvitoro zvemuchina zvinowanzoita zvawo zvetsika undercut maturusi. Izvi zvinowedzera nguva yekutungamira uye mutengo uye zvinofanirwa kudzivirirwa pese pazvinogoneka.
T-slot pamadziro emukati (kuruboshwe), dovetail undercut (pakati), uye rimwe-side undercut (kurudyi)
Kudhirowa Technical Drawings
Ndokumbira utarise kuti mamwe magadzirirwo akatemwa haagone kuverengerwa mu STEP kana IGES mafaera. 2D tekinoroji dhizaini inodiwa kana modhi yako ichisanganisira imwe kana kupfuura yeinotevera:
Maburi ane thread kana maburi
Tolerated dimensions
Zvakananga pamusoro pekupedzisira zvinodiwa
Zvinyorwa zve CNC machine operators
Mitemo yechigunwe
1. Gadzira chikamu kuti chigadzirwe nemudziyo mukuru wedhayamita.
2. Wedzera mafiritsi makuru (inenge ⅓ x mhango kudzika) kumakona ese emukati vertical.
3. Gadzirisa kudzika kwegomba kusvika ka4 paupamhi hwayo.
4. Gadzirisa zvinhu zvikuru zvemagadzirirwo ako pamwe chete neimwe yematanho matanhatu emakadhinari. Kana izvi zvisingaiti, sarudza5 axis cnc machining masevhisi.
5. Tumira mifananidzo yehunyanzvi pamwe chete nedhizaini yako apo dhizaini yako inosanganisira tambo, kushivirira, kupedzwa kwepamusoro, kana mamwe mazwi evashandisi vemichina.
Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda kana kubvunza, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kubata info@anebon.com.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-13-2024