A farkon karni na 18, na'urar micrometer ta kasance a kan mataki na masana'antu a cikin ci gaban masana'antar kayan aikin injin. Mikrometer har yanzu yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan kayan aikin auna daidaitattun a cikin bitar. A taƙaice gabatar da tarihin haihuwa da ci gaban micrometer.
1. Ƙoƙarin farko na auna tsayi tare da zaren
’Yan Adam sun fara amfani da ƙa’idar zare don auna tsawon abubuwa a ƙarni na 17. A shekara ta 1638, W. Gascogine, masanin falaki a Yorkshire, Ingila, ya yi amfani da ka'idar dunƙulewa don auna nisan taurari. A shekara ta 1693, ya ƙirƙira dokar aunawa da ake kira "caliper micrometer".
Wannan tsarin aunawa ne tare da dunƙule dunƙule da aka haɗa da keken hannu mai jujjuya a gefe ɗaya da katsewa mai motsi a ɗayan ƙarshen. Ana iya samun karatun ma'auni ta hanyar kirga jujjuyawar abin hannu tare da bezel karatu. An raba mako guda na ma'aunin karatun zuwa kashi 10 daidai gwargwado, kuma ana auna tazarar ta hanyar motsa farantin aunawa, wanda ke fahimtar ƙoƙarin farko na ɗan adam don auna tsayi da zaren.
2. Watt da micrometer na tebur na farko
Karni daya bayan da Gascogine ya kirkiri kayan aunen nasa, James Watt, wanda ya kirkiri injin tururi, ya kirkiro micrometer na farko a 1772. Wani muhimmin abu a cikin tsarinsa shine girma da aka dogara akan zaren dunƙulewa. Tsarin tsari na farko mai siffar U wanda James Watt yayi amfani dashi daga baya ya zama ma'auni na micrometers. Ba tare da tarihinsa na micrometers ba, za a katse shi a nan.CNC machining part
3. Sir Whitworth ya fara sayar da mitoci
Duk da haka, James Watt da Mausdlay's bench micrometers sun fi nasu amfani. Babu ainihin kayan aunawa a kasuwa har zuwa ƙarshen karni na 19. Sir Joseph Whitworth, wanda ya ƙirƙira sanannen zaren "Whitworth", ya zama jagora wajen inganta kasuwancin micrometers.CNC
4. Haihuwar micrometer na zamani
Madaidaitan micrometers na zamani suna da tsarin U-dimbin yawa da aiki mai hannu ɗaya. Yawancin masana'antun suna amfani da ƙirar gama gari na micrometers. Wannan zane na yau da kullun ana iya komawa baya zuwa 1848,
lokacin da mai ƙirƙira ɗan ƙasar Faransa J. Palmer ya sami haƙƙin mallaka mai suna tsarin Palmer. Micrometers na zamani kusan suna bin ainihin ƙirar tsarin Palmer, kamar tsarin U-dimbin yawa, casing, hannun riga, mandrel, da ma'aunin ma'auni. Gudunmawar Palmer ba ta da ƙima a tarihin ma'aunin mitar.CNC auto part
5. Ci gaba da girma na micrometer
Brown & Sharpe na Kamfanin B&S na Amurka sun ziyarci baje-kolin kasa da kasa na Paris da aka gudanar a 1867, inda suka ga na'urar na'urar Palmer a karon farko kuma suka dawo da ita Amurka. Brown & Sharpe sun yi nazarin micrometer da suka dawo da su daga Paris a hankali, kuma sun kara da hanyoyi guda biyu a ciki:
wata hanyar da za ta iya sarrafa igiya da na'urar kulle sandar. Sun samar da micrometer na aljihu a cikin 1868 kuma sun gabatar da shi ga kasuwa a shekara mai zuwa.
Tun daga wannan lokacin, an yi hasashen wajibcin micrometers a cikin bita na kera injina daidai, kuma an yi amfani da mitoci masu dacewa da ma'auni daban-daban tare da haɓaka kayan aikin injin.
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Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-07-2021