1. Rarraba kayan aunawa
Kayan aunawa kayan aiki ne da ke da tsayayyen tsari kuma ana amfani da shi don haifuwa ko samar da adadi ɗaya ko fiye da aka sani. Ana iya raba kayan aikin auna daban-daban zuwa nau'ikan masu zuwa gwargwadon amfaninsu:
1. Kayan aikin aunawa guda ɗaya
Gage wanda zai iya nuna ƙima ɗaya kawai. Ana iya amfani da shi don daidaitawa da daidaita sauran kayan aunawa ko kwatanta shi kai tsaye tare da ƙimar ƙima a matsayin ma'auni, kamar tubalan ma'auni, tubalan ma'aunin kusurwa, da sauransu.CNC MAHINING AUTO PART
2. Multi-value auna kayan aiki
Gage wanda zai iya wakiltar ƙungiyar dabi'u iri ɗaya. Sauran kayan aunawa kuma za'a iya daidaita su da daidaita su ko kuma kwatanta su kai tsaye da ma'auni a matsayin ma'auni, kamar mai sarrafa layi.
3. Kayan aikin aunawa na musamman
Gage da aka ƙera don gwada takamaiman siga. Na kowa su ne: santsi iyaka ma'auni don duba santsi cylindrical ramuka ko shafts, da zaren ma'auni don yin hukunci da cancantar na ciki ko na waje zaren, da gwajin samfuri don yin hukunci da cancantar saman contours na hadaddun siffofi, da kuma aikin simulating taro passability. don gwada daidaitattun ma'auni, da dai sauransu.
4. Kayan aikin aunawa na duniya
A cikin ƙasarmu, kayan aunawa tare da tsari mai sauƙi ana kiran su kayan aikin aunawa na duniya. Irin su vernier calipers, micrometers na waje, alamun bugun kira, da sauransu.
2. Ma'anar aikin fasaha na kayan aunawa
1. Ƙimar ƙima ta kayan aikin aunawa
Adadin da aka yiwa alama akan kayan aikin aunawa don nuna halayensa ko don jagorantar amfani dashi. Misali, girman da aka yiwa alama akan ma'aunin ma'auni, girman da aka yiwa alama akan mai mulki, kusurwar da aka yiwa alama akan toshe ma'aunin kusurwa, da sauransu.
2. darajar karatun digiri
A kan mai mulkin kayan aunawa, bambanci tsakanin maɗaukaki da ke wakilta da layukan ma'auni guda biyu (mafi ƙarancin girma). Idan bambanci tsakanin ƙimar da ke wakilta ta layukan ma'auni guda biyu a kan silinda na silinda na micrometer na waje shine 0.01mm, ƙimar digiri na kayan aunawa shine 0.01mm. Ƙimar rarraba ita ce mafi ƙanƙanta ƙimar raka'a wacce kayan aunawa za a iya karantawa kai tsaye. Yana nuna matakin daidaiton karatun kuma yana nuna daidaiton ma'auni na kayan aunawa.
3. Ma'auni
A cikin rashin tabbas da aka yarda, kewayon daga ƙananan iyaka zuwa babba na ƙimar da aka auna wanda za'a iya auna ta kayan aunawa. Misali, ma'aunin ma'aunin micrometer na waje shine 0 zuwa 25 mm, 25 zuwa 50 mm, da dai sauransu, kuma ma'aunin ma'aunin na'ura mai kwakwalwa shine 0 zuwa 180 mm.
4. Aunawa karfi
A cikin aiwatar da ma'aunin lamba, ana auna ma'aunin lamba tsakanin binciken na'urar aunawa da saman da za a auna. Ƙarfin aunawa da yawa zai haifar da nakasawa, ƙarancin ma'auni zai shafi kwanciyar hankali na lamba.
5. Kuskuren nuni
Bambanci tsakanin kimar da aka nuna na kayan aunawa da ainihin ƙimar da ake aunawa. Kuskuren nuni shine cikakken nuni na kurakurai daban-daban na kayan auna kanta. Saboda haka, kuskuren nuni ya bambanta don wurare daban-daban na aiki a cikin kewayon nuni na kayan aiki. Gabaɗaya, ana iya amfani da toshe ma'aunin ma'auni ko wani ma'aunin ma'auni na daidaitattun daidaito don tabbatar da kuskuren nuni na kayan awo.
3. Zaɓin kayan aikin aunawa
Kafin kowane ma'auni, ya zama dole don zaɓar kayan aikin ma'auni bisa ga halaye na musamman na ɓangaren da za a auna. Misali, ana iya amfani da ma'auni, ma'aunin tsayi, micrometers, da ma'auni mai zurfi don tsayi, nisa, tsayi, zurfin, diamita na waje, da bambancin matakin; Ana iya amfani da micrometers don diamita na shaft. , calipers; ana iya amfani da ma'auni na toshe, toshe ma'auni da ma'auni na ji don ramuka da ramuka; Ana amfani da masu mulkin kusurwar dama don auna madaidaicin sassan sassa; Ana amfani da ma'aunin R don auna ƙimar R; Yi amfani da mai girma uku da biyu; yi amfani da gwajin tauri don auna taurin karfe.
1. Aikace-aikace na calipersCNC ALUMINUM PART
Calipers na iya auna diamita na ciki, diamita na waje, tsayi, nisa, kauri, bambancin matakin, tsayi, da zurfin abubuwa; calipers sune kayan aikin aunawa da aka fi amfani da su kuma mafi dacewa, kuma sune mafi yawan amfani da kayan aunawa akan wurin sarrafawa.
Caliper na dijital: ƙuduri 0.01mm, ana amfani da shi don auna ma'auni tare da ƙaramin haƙuri (madaidaicin daidai).
Katin tebur: ƙuduri 0.02mm, ana amfani dashi don auna girman yau da kullun.
Vernier caliper: ƙuduri 0.02mm, ana amfani dashi don auna ma'auni.
Kafin amfani da caliper, cire ƙura da datti tare da farar takarda mai tsabta (amfani da saman aunawa na waje na caliper don matsar da farar takarda sannan a cire shi ta dabi'a, maimaita sau 2-3)
Lokacin amfani da ma'auni don aunawa, ma'aunin ma'aunin ma'aunin ya kamata ya kasance daidai da ma'aunin abin da za a iya aunawa ko dai daidai gwargwado;
Lokacin amfani da ma'aunin zurfin, idan abin da aka auna yana da kusurwar R, wajibi ne a guje wa kusurwar R amma kusa da kusurwar R, kuma zurfin ma'auni da tsayin da aka auna ya kamata a kiyaye shi a tsaye kamar yadda zai yiwu;
Lokacin da caliper ya auna silinda, yana buƙatar juyawa kuma ana samun matsakaicin ƙimar don ma'aunin yanki;
Saboda yawan yawan amfani da caliper, aikin kulawa yana buƙatar yin mafi kyau. Bayan yin amfani da shi a kowace rana, yana buƙatar goge shi da tsabta kuma a saka shi cikin akwati. Kafin amfani, ana buƙatar toshe ma'auni don bincika daidaiton ma'auni.
2. Aikace-aikacen Micrometer
Kafin amfani da micrometer, yi amfani da farar takarda mai tsafta don cire ƙura da datti (amfani da micrometer don auna farfajiyar lamba da saman dunƙule don matsar da farar takarda sa'an nan kuma cire shi ta dabi'a, maimaita sau 2-3), sannan ku karkatar da kullin. don auna lambar sadarwa Lokacin da saman da saman dunƙule ke cikin sauri, yi amfani da daidaitawa maimakon. Lokacin da saman biyu ke cikin cikakkiyar lamba, daidaita sifili, kuma ana iya yin awo.
Lokacin da micrometer ya auna kayan aikin, kunna kullin. Lokacin da yake da kusanci da kayan aikin, yi amfani da ƙwanƙolin daidaitawa mai kyau don murɗa ciki, kuma tsayawa lokacin da ya ji dannawa uku, dannawa, da dannawa, sannan karanta bayanan daga allon nuni ko sikelin.
Lokacin auna samfuran filastik, saman ma'aunin ma'auni da dunƙule suna taɓa samfurin da sauƙi.KWANKWATAR KARFE MAI JUYA
Lokacin auna diamita na shaft tare da micrometer, auna aƙalla kwatance biyu ko fiye kuma auna micrometer a matsakaicin ma'auni a cikin sassan. Ya kamata a kiyaye wuraren tuntuɓar biyu masu tsabta a kowane lokaci don rage kurakuran auna.
3. Aikace-aikacen ma'aunin tsayi
Ana amfani da ma'aunin tsayi da yawa don auna tsayi, zurfin, lebur, tsaye, daidaitawa, coaxial, girgiza saman, girgizar haƙori, zurfin, da ma'aunin tsayi. Lokacin aunawa, da farko bincika ko binciken da kowane ɓangaren haɗin kai sun sako-sako.
4. Aikace-aikacen ma'aunin ji
Ma'auni mai jin dadi ya dace da ma'auni na flatness, curvature da madaidaiciya
Ma'aunin kwanciyar hankali:
Sanya sashin a kan dandamali, kuma yi amfani da ma'aunin jin zafi don auna ratar da ke tsakanin sashin da dandamali (Lura: Ana matse ma'aunin jin da dandamali ba tare da gibi ba yayin aunawa).
Ma'aunin madaidaiciya:
Sanya sashin a kan dandali kuma yi jujjuya ɗaya, kuma yi amfani da ma'aunin jin daɗi don auna rata tsakanin ɓangaren da dandamali.
Auna curvature:
Sanya sashin a kan dandamali, zaɓi ma'aunin jigon da ya dace don auna rata tsakanin bangarorin biyu ko tsakiyar ɓangaren da dandamali.
Ma'aunin girman kai:
Sanya gefe ɗaya na madaidaicin kusurwar sifilin don auna akan dandamali, sanya ɗayan gefen kusa da murabba'in, kuma yi amfani da ma'aunin jin daɗi don auna mafi girman rata tsakanin ɓangaren da murabba'in.
5. Aikace-aikacen ma'aunin toshe (pin):
Ya dace don auna diamita na ciki, nisa na tsagi da share ramuka.
Idan diamita na ramin ɓangaren yana da girma, kuma babu ma'aunin allura mai dacewa, za'a iya haɗa ma'aunin filogi guda biyu, kuma ana iya daidaita ma'aunin filogi akan toshe na Magnetic V-dimbin yawa ta hanyar aunawa a cikin jagorar digiri 360, wanda zai iya hana sassautawa kuma yana da sauƙin aunawa.
Ma'aunin buɗe ido
Ma'aunin rami na ciki: Lokacin da aka auna diamita na ramin, shigar ya cancanta, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.
Lura: Lokacin auna ma'aunin filogi, yana buƙatar saka shi a tsaye, ba a tsaye ba.
6. Daidaitaccen kayan aunawa: mai girma biyu
Abu na biyu shine babban aiki, madaidaicin ma'auni mara lamba. Ma'aunin ji na kayan aunawa ba ya cikin hulɗar kai tsaye tare da farfajiyar sashin da aka auna, don haka babu wani aikin injiniya na ma'auni; kashi na biyu yana isar da hoton da aka ɗauka ta hanyar layin bayanai zuwa katin sayan bayanai na kwamfutar ta hanyar tsinkaya, sannan kuma ana ɗaukar hoto a kan na'ura mai kwakwalwa ta software; daban-daban na geometric abubuwa (maki, Lines, da'ira, arcs, ellipses, rectangles), nisa, kusurwoyi, intersections, geometric tolerances (zagaye, madaidaiciya, daidaici, tsaye) a kan sassa za a iya yi (digiri, karkata, matsayi, concentricity, daidaitawa). ) ma'auni, kuma yana iya yin fitar da CAD don zane na 2D na shaci. Ba wai kawai za a iya lura da kwane-kwane na workpiece ba, amma kuma ana iya auna siffar farfajiyar kayan aikin opaque.
Ma'auni na al'ada na geometric na al'ada: Da'irar ciki a cikin ɓangaren da ke cikin hoton da ke ƙasa wani kusurwa ne mai kaifi, wanda kawai za a iya auna shi ta hanyar tsinkaya.
Duban saman sarrafa na'urar lantarki: Lens na kashi na biyu yana da aikin haɓaka roughness dubawa bayan sarrafa lantarki (girmama sau 100 hoto).
Ƙananan girman ma'aunin tsagi mai zurfi
Gano Ƙofar: Lokacin sarrafa ƙura, sau da yawa akan sami wasu ƙofofin ɓoye a cikin tsagi, kuma kayan gwaji daban-daban ba za su iya auna su ba. A wannan lokacin, ana iya haɗa manne roba zuwa ƙofar manne, kuma za a buga siffar ƙofar manne akan manne. , sannan a yi amfani da kashi na biyu don auna girman bugun manne don samun girman ƙofar.
Lura: Tun da babu ƙarfin injina yayin ma'aunin nau'i biyu, ya kamata a yi amfani da ma'aunin nau'i biyu gwargwadon yuwuwar samfuran sirara da taushi.
7. Daidaitaccen kayan aunawa: mai girma uku
Halayen ma'aunin abubuwa guda uku sune daidaitacce (har zuwa matakin μm matakin); versatility (zai iya maye gurbin nau'ikan kayan auna tsayi iri-iri); za a iya amfani da shi don auna abubuwa na geometric (ban da abubuwan da za a iya auna su ta hanyar nau'i mai nau'i biyu, yana iya auna silinda, cones) , juriya na geometric (ban da juriya na geometric wanda za'a iya auna ta biyu- bangaren girma, ya kuma hada da cylindricity, flatness, line profile, surface profile, coaxiality), hadaddun bayanan martaba, idan dai bincike mai girma uku Inda za a iya taba shi, za a iya auna girmansa na geometric, matsayi na juna, da bayanin martaba; kuma ana iya kammala sarrafa bayanai tare da taimakon kwamfuta; tare da madaidaicin madaidaicin sa, babban sassauci da ingantaccen damar dijital, ya zama muhimmin sashi na masana'antar ƙirar zamani da tabbatar da inganci. yana nufin, kayan aiki masu tasiri.
Ana gyara wasu gyare-gyare, kuma babu fayil ɗin zane na 3D. Za'a iya auna ƙimar haɗin kai na kowane nau'i da fa'idar saman da ba daidai ba, sannan a fitar da shi ta hanyar zana software kuma a sanya shi zuwa zane na 3D bisa ga abubuwan da aka auna, waɗanda za'a iya sarrafa su kuma gyara cikin sauri ba tare da kuskure ba. (Bayan an saita haɗin kai, zaku iya ɗaukar kowane ma'ana don auna haɗin gwiwar).
3D dijital samfurin shigo da kwatankwacin ma'aunin: Don tabbatar da daidaito tare da ƙirar ƙãre sassa ko nemo rashin daidaituwa a yayin aiwatar da tsari na ƙirar ƙira, lokacin da wasu ƙwanƙolin saman ba arcs ba ne kuma ba parabolas ba, amma wasu abubuwan da ba na yau da kullun ba, lokacin da geometric Ba za a iya yin ma'aunin kashi ba, ana iya shigo da samfurin 3D kuma ana iya kwatanta sassan da aunawa, don fahimtar kuskuren sarrafawa; saboda ƙimar da aka auna shine ƙimar karkatar da maki-zuwa-aya, ana iya gyara shi cikin sauƙi kuma a inganta shi cikin sauri da inganci (bayanan da aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa shine ainihin ƙimar da aka auna) Bacewa daga ƙimar ka'idar).
8. Aikace-aikacen gwajin taurin ƙarfi
Masu gwajin taurin da aka saba amfani da su sune Rockwell hardness tester (tebur) da Leeb hardness tester (mai ɗaukar nauyi). Rukunin taurin da aka saba amfani da su sune Rockwell HRC, Brinell HB, Vickers HV.
Rockwell hardness ma'aikacin HR (Benchtop hardness tester)
Hanyar gwajin taurin Rockwell shine a yi amfani da mazugi na lu'u-lu'u mai kusurwa koli na digiri 120 ko ƙwallon ƙarfe mai diamita na 1.59/3.18mm, danna shi a cikin saman kayan da aka gwada a ƙarƙashin wani kaya, kuma samun taurin kayan daga zurfin ciki. Dangane da taurin kayan, ana iya raba shi zuwa ma'auni daban-daban guda uku don wakiltar HRA, HRB, HRC.
HRA shine taurin da aka samu tare da nauyin 60Kg da mazugi na lu'u-lu'u don kayan aiki masu wuyar gaske. Misali: carbide.
HRB shine taurin da aka samu ta hanyar amfani da nauyin 100Kg da ƙwallon ƙarfe mai taurin tare da diamita na 1.58mm, kuma ana amfani dashi don kayan da ƙananan tauri. Misali: karfen da aka rufe, da simintin gyare-gyare, da dai sauransu, tagulla na alloy.
HRC shine taurin da aka samu tare da nauyin 150Kg da mazugi na lu'u-lu'u don kayan aiki masu wuyar gaske. Misali: karfe mai kauri, karfe mai kaushi, karfen da aka kashe da mai zafi da wasu bakin karfe.
Vickers hardness HV (yafi don auna taurin saman)
Dace da nazarin microscope. Tare da kaya tsakanin 120kg da mazugi mai murabba'in lu'u-lu'u tare da kusurwar koli na 136°, danna cikin saman kayan, kuma auna tsayin diagonal na shigar. Ya dace da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki mafi girma da yadudduka masu zurfi.
Leeb Hardness HL (Mai gwada taurin wuya)
Taurin Leeb hanya ce ta gwaji mai ƙarfi. Yayin aiwatar da tasirin tasirin tasirin firikwensin taurin tare da ma'aunin aikin da aka auna, rabon saurin dawowa zuwa saurin tasirin lokacin da yake nesa da 1mm daga saman aikin yana ninka ta 1000, wanda aka ayyana azaman ƙimar taurin Leeb.
Abũbuwan amfãni: Gwajin taurin Leeb wanda Leeb Hardness Theory ya ƙera yana canza hanyar gwajin taurin gargajiya. Domin taurin firikwensin yana da ƙarami kamar alkalami, yana iya gwada taurin aikin kai tsaye a wurare daban-daban akan wurin samarwa ta hanyar riƙe firikwensin, don haka yana da wahala ga sauran masu gwajin taurin tebur.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-19-2022