Madaidaicin shigar da ilimin da aka samu na ma'aunin zaren

Nawa kuka sani game da zaren injina?

A fannin injina, “zaren” yawanci ana nufin ginshiƙai da kwaruruka da ke saman wani ɓangaren siliki, wanda ke ba da damar haɗa shi da wani ɓangaren ko kuma a yi amfani da shi don isar da motsi ko ƙarfi. Ma'anar ma'auni da ma'auni na zaren na'ura galibi suna keɓance ga masana'antu da aikace-aikacen da ake tambaya.A cikin Amurka, zaren na'ura yawanci ana bayyana su ta ka'idodin da ƙungiyoyi kamar Cibiyar Matsayin Ƙasa ta Amurka (ANSI) da Societyungiyar Injin Injiniya ta Amurka. (ASME). Waɗannan ma'aunai suna ƙayyadad da bayanan bayanan zaren, filin wasa, azuzuwan haƙuri, da sauran sigogi don nau'ikan zaren daban-daban.

Ɗaya daga cikin sanannun ma'auni na zaren da aka yi amfani da shi shine Unified Thread Standard (UTS), wanda ake amfani da shi don zaren tushen inci. UTS tana bayyana jerin zaren daban-daban, irin su Unified Coarse (UNC) da Unified Fine (UNF), kuma yana ba da cikakkun bayanai dalla-dalla don girman zaren, juriya, da naɗi.Don zaren metric, ma'auni na ISO metric sukuro zaren (ISO 68-1) ana amfani da shi sosai. Wannan ma'auni ya ƙunshi bayanan bayanan ma'auni, filin zaren, azuzuwan haƙuri, da sauran ƙayyadaddun bayanai masu alaƙa. Yana da mahimmanci a koma ga takamaiman ƙa'idodi da ƙayyadaddun bayanai da suka dace da masana'antu da aikace-aikacen da kuke aiki da su don ba da garantin ƙira mai kyau da kera zaren injina.

Kowace rana, masu fasaha da ke aiki tare da injuna suna cin karo da abubuwan da aka zare. Ba tare da la'akari da ƙayyadaddun su ba - ya kasance mai awo ko daular, madaidaiciya ko tafe, hatimi ko ba a rufe ba, na ciki ko na waje, tare da bayanin martaba 55-digiri ko 60-waɗannan abubuwan galibi suna lalacewa kuma ana sa ba za a iya amfani da su cikin lokaci ba. Yana da mahimmanci a duba su sosai daga farko zuwa ƙarshe. A yau kungiyar ta Anebon za ta hada da takaitaccen bayani da fatan za ta amfanar da kowa.

1. Alamun gama gari

NPTZaren bututun da ake amfani da shi gabaɗaya ne tare da kusurwar bayanin martaba 60°.

PTZaren zaren da aka ɗora na masarauta ne tare da kusurwar zaren 55°, wanda aka saba amfani da shi don rufewa. Zaren bututun Biritaniya suna da zare masu kyau. Saboda zurfin zurfin zaren zaren, yana rage ƙarfin bututun diamita na waje da ake yankewa sosai.

PFzaren layi daya ne don bututu.

GZaren bututu ne mai lamba 55 mara zare, na dangin zaren Whitworth. Alamar G tana wakiltar zaren silinda, tare da G kasancewar kalmar gabaɗaya don zaren bututu (Guan), kuma bambanci tsakanin digiri 55 da digiri 60 yana aiki.

ZGAn fi sani da mazugi na bututu, wanda ke nufin ana sarrafa zaren daga wani wuri mai juzu'i. Gabaɗaya haɗin bututun ruwa ana yin su ta wannan hanya. An yiwa tsohon ma'aunin ƙasa alama Rc. Ana amfani da Pitch don bayyana zaren awo, yayin da adadin zaren kowane inch ake amfani da zaren Amurka da Burtaniya. Wannan shi ne bambancinsu na farko. Zaren ma'auni suna da bayanin martaba daidai-digiri 60, zaren Biritaniya suna da bayanin martaba na isosceles 55, kuma zaren Amurka suna da bayanin martaba 60-digiri.

Zaren awoyi amfani da raka'a awo, yayin da zaren Amurka da Burtaniya ke amfani da raka'o'in sarki.

Zaren bututuana amfani da su da farko don haɗa bututu. Zaren ciki da na waje sun yi daidai da juna, kuma akwai nau'i biyu: madaidaiciya da bututu. Diamita na ƙididdiga yana nufin diamita na bututun da aka haɗa. A bayyane yake, babban diamita na zaren ya fi girma fiye da diamita na ƙididdiga.

Iyakar aikace-aikacen ta rufecnc inji sassa, cnc juya sassa dacnc milling sassa.

1/4, 1/2, da 1/8 suna wakiltar ƙananan diamita na zaren inch a cikin inci.

2. Matsayin ƙasa daban-daban

1. Haɗin inch tsarin zaren

Ana amfani da irin wannan nau'in zaren a cikin ƙasashen da ke amfani da tsarin inci kuma an karkasa su zuwa jeri uku: m jerin zaren UNC, fine thread series UNF, extra fine thread series UNFF, da kuma tsayayyen jerin jerin UN.
Hanyar yin alama:Diamita na zaren—yawan zaren kowane lambar jerin inch—daidaitaccen matsayi.

Misali:M jerin zaren 3/8-16UNC-2A; Zare mai kyau 3/8-24UNF-2A; Ƙarin zare mai kyau 3/8-32UNFF-2A;

Kafaffen jerin farar 3/8—20UN—2A. Lambobin farko 3/8 na nuni da diamita na waje na zaren cikin inci. Don canzawa zuwa naúrar awo mm, ninka ta 25.4, wanda yayi daidai da 9.525mm; lambobi na biyu da na uku 16, 24, 32, da 20 suna wakiltar adadin hakora a kowane inch (yawan hakora akan tsayin 25.4mm); Lambobin rubutu bayan lamba ta uku, UNC, UNF, UNFF, UN, su ne jerin lambobin, kuma lambobi biyu na ƙarshe, 2A, suna nuna daidaiton matakin.

Juyawa na 2.55° cylindrical bututu zaren
Zaren bututun silindi 55° ya samo asali ne daga jerin inch amma ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin ƙasashen awo da inch. Ana amfani da shi don haɗa haɗin bututu, jigilar ruwa da gas, da sanya wayoyi. Duk da haka, kasashe daban-daban suna da lambobi daban-daban, don haka ya zama dole a canza lambobin kasashen waje zuwa lambobin Sinanci ta amfani da tebur (kwatancen tebur) da aka bayar. Yanzu an gabatar da lambobin zaren bututun silindi na 55° na ƙasashe daban-daban a cikin tebur ɗin da ke ƙasa.

Juyawa na zaren bututu mai 3.55°
55° tapered bututu zaren yana nufin cewa zaren profile kwana ne 55° da zaren yana da taper na 1:16. Ana amfani da wannan jerin zaren a ko'ina a duniya, kuma sunayen lambobinsa sun bambanta daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasa.

4.Conversion na 60° tapered bututu zaren

60° tapered bututu zaren yana nufin zaren bututu tare da kusurwar bayanin martaba na 60 ° da madaidaicin zaren 1:16. Ana amfani da wannan jerin zaren a masana'antar injina na ƙasata da Amurka da tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet. Lambar sunan ta, China ta saba sanya shi a matsayin K, daga baya ta bayyana shi da Z, kuma yanzu an canza shi zuwa NPT. Dubi teburin kwatanta lambar zaren da ke ƙasa.

5.55° Canjin Zaren Trapezoidal
Zaren trapezoidal yana nufin zaren trapezoidal ma'auni tare da kusurwar bayanin martaba na 30°. Wannan jerin zaren sun yi daidai da na gida da waje, kuma lambobin su ma sun yi daidai. Ana nuna lambobin zaren a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa.

3. Rarraba zaren

Dangane da amfani da zaren daban-daban, ana iya raba su zuwa:

1. International Metric Thread System

Zaren da ma'aunin CNS na ƙasata ya karɓa. saman haƙori yana da lebur kuma yana da sauƙin juyawa, yayin da kasan haƙorin yana da siffar baka don ƙara ƙarfin zaren. The thread kwana ne 60 digiri, da kuma takamaiman da aka bayyana a M. Metric zaren za a iya raba iri biyu: m zaren da lafiya zare. Wakilin yana kamar M8x1.25. (M: lamba, 8: diamita mara kyau, 1.25: farar).

2. American Standard Thread

Sama da tushen zaren duka biyun lebur ne kuma suna da ƙarfi mafi kyau. Madaidaicin zaren kuma yana da digiri 60, kuma ana bayyana ƙayyadaddun bayanai a cikin zaren kowane inch. Irin wannan zaren za a iya raba shi zuwa matakai uku: m zaren (NC); zaren mai kyau (NF); karin zare mai kyau (NEF). Wakilin shine kamar 1/2-10NC. (1/2: diamita na waje; 10: adadin hakora a kowane inch; lambar NC).

3. Unified Standard thread (UnifiedThread)

Amurka, Ingila, da Kanada ne suka tsara shi, shine zaren Burtaniya da aka saba amfani da shi.
Madaidaicin zaren kuma yana da digiri 60, kuma ana bayyana ƙayyadaddun bayanai a cikin zaren kowane inch. Ana iya raba irin wannan nau'in zaren zuwa zare mara nauyi (UNC); launi mai laushi (UNF); karin zaren zaren (UNEF). Wakilin shine kamar 1/2-10UNC. (1/2: diamita na waje; 10: adadin hakora a kowane inch; lambar UNC).

Zare mai siffa 4.V (Sharp VThread)

Sama da tushen duka suna nuna, rauni a ƙarfi, kuma ba a saba amfani da su ba. The thread kwana ne 60 digiri.

5. Whitworth Thread

An ayyana wannan nau'in zaren ta Ma'aunin Ƙasa ta Biritaniya. Yana da kusurwar zaren kusurwa na digiri 55 kuma ana kwatanta shi da "W". Da farko an tsara shi don mirgina hanyoyin masana'antu, galibi ana wakilta shi azaman W1 / 2-10 (1/2: diamita na waje; 10: adadin haƙora da inch; W code).

6. Zaren Zagaye (KnuckleThread)
Wannan daidaitaccen nau'in zaren, wanda Jamusanci DIN ya kafa, ya dace sosai don haɗa kwararan fitila da bututun roba. Ana nuna shi da alamar "Rd".

7. Zaren Bututu (PipeThread)
An ƙera su don hana yaɗuwa, ana amfani da waɗannan zaren don haɗa iskar gas ko bututun ruwa. Tare da kusurwar zaren na digiri 55, ana iya ƙara su zuwa zaren bututu madaidaiciya, wanda aka sani da "PS, NPS", da zaren bututun da aka ɗora, wanda aka sani da "NPT". Taper shine 1:16, daidai da 3/4 inch kowace ƙafa.

8. Zauren Zaure
Yana nuna ingancin watsawa mai girma, na biyu kawai ga zaren ball, ana amfani da irin wannan nau'in zaren don skru vise da zaren crane. Koyaya, iyakancewarsa ya ta'allaka ne ga rashin iya daidaitawa tare da goro bayan lalacewa.

9. Trapezoidal Thread
Hakanan ana kiransa zaren Acme, wannan nau'in yana ba da ingantaccen watsawa kaɗan kaɗan fiye da zaren murabba'in. Koyaya, yana da fa'idar kasancewa daidaitacce tare da goro bayan lalacewa. A cikin tsarin ma'auni, kusurwar zaren yana da digiri 30, yayin da a cikin tsarin mulkin mallaka, yana da digiri 29. Yawanci ana amfani da su don skru na gubar na lathes, ana wakilta ta da alamar “Tr”.

10. Zaren Zigzag (ButtressThread)

Har ila yau, ana kiransa zaren rhombic, ya dace da watsa ta hanya ɗaya kawai. Kamar su dunƙule jacks, pressurizers, da dai sauransu Alamar ita ce "Bu".

11. Zaren ball

Zaren ne tare da mafi kyawun watsawa. Yana da wuyar samarwa kuma yana da tsada sosai. Ana amfani dashi a cikin injunan injina. Irin su gubar dunƙule na CNC inji kayan aikin dasamfurin inji sassa.

Wakilin ƙwanƙwasa inch
LH 2N 5/8 × 3 - 13UNC-2A
(1) LH zaren hagu ne (RH zaren dama ne kuma ana iya tsallake shi).
(2) 2N zare biyu.
(3) Zaren 5/8 inch, diamita na waje 5/8 ”.
(4) Tsawon 3 bolt 3 ".
(5) Zaren 13 suna da zaren 13 a kowane inch.
(6) UNC hadedde madaidaicin zare mara nauyi.
(7) Level 2 fit, waje zaren (3: m fit; 2: matsakaici fit; 1: sako-sako) A: Zaren waje (ana iya tsallakewa), B: Zaren ciki.

Zaren Imperial
Girman zaren sarauta yawanci ana bayyana shi da adadin zaren kowane inch na tsayi akan zaren, wanda ake magana da shi a matsayin "yawan zaren kowane inch", wanda yayi daidai da madaidaicin madaurin zaren. Misali, zaren da ke da zaren 8 a kowane inch yana da farar inch 1/8.

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