Shin kun fahimci iyakar aikace-aikacen juriya na geometric a cikin injinan CNC?
Ƙayyadaddun juzu'ai na geometric muhimmin al'amari ne na mashin ɗin CNC, saboda yana tabbatar da ingantaccen samar da abubuwan haɗin gwiwa. Hakuri na Geometric shine bambance-bambancen da za'a iya yin su a cikin girma, siffa, daidaitawa da wurin da wani abu yake da shi akan yanki. Waɗannan bambance-bambancen suna da mahimmanci don aikin aikin ɓangaren.
Ana amfani da juriya na geometric a cikin injinan CNC don aikace-aikace iri-iri.
Ikon ƙima:
Hakuri na geometric yana ba da damar daidaitaccen iko na girman da girman abubuwan da aka ƙera. Yana tabbatar da cewa duk sassan sun daidaita daidai kuma suna yin aikin da aka yi niyya.
Sarrafa Samfura:
Hakuri na Geometric yana tabbatar da cewa an sami siffar da ake so da kwane-kwane don kayan aikin injina. Yana da mahimmanci ga ɓangarorin da ke buƙatar haɗawa, ko suna da takamaiman buƙatun ɗaurin aure.
Ikon daidaitawa:
Ana amfani da juriya na geometric don sarrafa daidaitawar kusurwar fasali kamar ramuka, ramummuka da filaye. Yana da mahimmanci musamman ga abubuwan haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ke buƙatar daidaitaccen jeri ko dole ne su dace daidai da wasu sassa.
Hakuri na Geometric:
Hakuri na Geometric su ne karkatattun da za a iya yi a cikin matsayi na fasali akan abu. Yana tabbatar da cewa mahimman fasalulluka na sashe an daidaita su daidai dangane da juna, yana ba da damar ingantaccen aiki da haɗuwa.
Sarrafa Bayani:
Ana amfani da Hakuri na Geometric don sarrafa sifar gabaɗaya da bayanin martaba don hadaddun fasalulluka kamar masu lankwasa, kwane-kwane da filaye. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa sassan injina sun cika buƙatun bayanin martaba.
Sarrafa Mahimmanci & Tsari:
Hakuri na geometric suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen cimma daidaituwa & daidaito don abubuwan injina. Yana da mahimmanci musamman lokacin daidaita sassan jujjuyawa kamar shafts, gears da bearings.
Ikon runout:
Haƙuri na geometric suna ƙayyadad da izinin da aka yarda a madaidaiciya da da'ira na juyawacnc juya sassa. An tsara shi don tabbatar da aiki mai santsi da rage girgizawa da kurakurai.
Idan ba mu fahimci juriya na geometric a kan zane-zane a cikin samarwa ba, to, nazarin aiki zai kasance a kashe kuma sakamakon aiki na iya zama mai tsanani. Wannan tebur ɗin yana ɗauke da alamar haƙurin juzu'i na abu 14 na duniya.
1. Madaidaici
Madaidaici shine ikon sashi don kiyaye madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya. An bayyana haƙurin madaidaici azaman madaidaicin karkata na ainihin madaidaiciyar layi daga madaidaiciyar layi.
Misali 1:Yankin haƙuri a cikin jirgin dole ne ya kasance tsakanin layi biyu masu kama da juna tare da nisa 0.1mm.
Misali 2:Idan kun ƙara alamar Ph zuwa ƙimar haƙuri to dole ne ya kasance a cikin yanki na saman silinda wanda ke da diamita 0.08mm.
2. Kwanciya
Lalawa (wanda kuma aka sani da flatness) shine yanayin da wani sashi ke kula da jirgin sama mai kyau. Haƙurin kwanciyar hankali ma'auni ne na matsakaicin karkata da za a iya yi tsakanin madaidaicin saman da ainihin saman.
Misali, an ayyana yankin haƙuri a matsayin sarari tsakanin jiragen sama masu kama da juna waɗanda ke tsakanin 0.08mm.
3. Zagaye
Zagayewar wani sashi shine nisa tsakanin tsakiya da ainihin siffar. An bayyana juriyar juzu'i azaman madaidaicin karkatar da ainihin siffar madauwari daga madaidaicin siffar madauwari akan wannan sashin giciye.
Misali:Dole ne yankin haƙuri ya kasance a kan sashe na al'ada iri ɗaya. Bambancin radius an bayyana shi azaman nisa tsakanin zobba masu haɗaka biyu tare da juriya na 0.03mm.
4. Cylindricity
Kalmar 'Cylindricity' na nufin cewa wuraren da ke saman silindari na ɓangaren duk suna da nisa daidai da axis. Matsakaicin bambancin da aka yarda tsakanin ainihin saman silindari da ingantacciyar silindi mai kyau ana kiransa haƙurin silindaricity.
Misali:An ayyana yankin haƙuri azaman yanki tsakanin coaxial cylindrical saman waɗanda ke da bambanci a cikin radius na 0.1mm.
5. Kwandon layi
Bayanin layin layi shine yanayin inda kowane lanƙwasa, ba tare da la'akari da sifarsa ba, yana kiyaye kyakkyawar siffa a cikin wani jirgin sama na wani yanki. Haƙuri don bayanin martabar layi shine bambancin da za'a iya yi a cikin madaidaicin madauwari masu lanƙwasa.
Misali, an ayyana yankin haƙuri azaman sarari tsakanin ambulaf guda biyu wanda ya ƙunshi jerin da'irar diamita 0.04mm. Cibiyoyin da'irar suna kan layin da ke da daidaitattun siffofi.
6. Kwakwalwar saman
Kwakwalwar saman ita ce yanayin da wani siffa mai siffa ta sabani akan wani abu yana kiyaye kyakkyawan siffa. Hakurin juzu'in kwane-kwane shine bambanci tsakanin layin kwane-kwane da ingantaccen farfajiyar kwane-kwane na farfajiyar da ba ta kewaye.
Misali:Yankin haƙuri yana tsakanin layin ambulan guda biyu waɗanda ke rufe jerin ƙwallaye tare da diamita 0.02mm. Tsakanin kowane ball ya kamata ya kasance a saman siffar geometrically daidai.
7. Daidaituwa
Matsayin daidaitawa kalma ce da aka yi amfani da ita don bayyana gaskiyar cewa abubuwan da ke wani bangare suna da nisa daga datum. An bayyana juriya na daidaici a matsayin matsakaicin bambancin da za a iya yi tsakanin alkiblar da ake auna kashi a zahiri ya ta'allaka ne da manufa mai kyau, daidai da datum.
Misali:Idan kun ƙara alamar Ph kafin ƙimar haƙuri to yankin haƙuri zai kasance cikin saman silinda tare da diamita na Ph0.03mm.
Matsayin kothogonality, wanda kuma aka sani da perpendicularity tsakanin abubuwa biyu yana nuna cewa kashi da aka auna akan ɓangaren yana kiyaye daidaitaccen 90deg dangane da datum. Haƙuri a tsaye shine madaidaicin bambancin tsakanin alkiblar da aka auna siffa a zahiri da kuma daidai da datum.
Misali 1:Yankin haƙuri zai kasance daidai da saman silinda da datum na 0.1mm idan alamar Ph ya bayyana a gabansa.
Misali 2:Yankin haƙuri dole ne ya kasance tsakanin jirage guda biyu masu kama da juna, 0.08mm baya, kuma daidai da layin datum.
9. Hankali
Ƙaƙwalwa shine yanayin cewa dole ne abubuwa biyu su kiyaye wani kusurwa a cikin abubuwan da suka dace. Haƙurin juzu'i shine adadin bambancin da za'a iya ba da izini tsakanin daidaitawar yanayin da za a auna da madaidaicin daidaitawa, a kowane kusurwa dangane da datum.
Misali 1:Yankin juriya na ma'aunin jirgin shine yanki tsakanin jiragen sama guda biyu masu daidaitawa waɗanda ke da juriyar 0.08mm, da kusurwar ka'idar 60deg zuwa jirgin datum.
Misali 2:Idan ka ƙara alamar Ph zuwa ƙimar haƙuri to yankin haƙuri dole ne ya kasance cikin silinda mai diamita 0.1mm. Yankin haƙuri dole ne ya kasance daidai da jirgin A daidai gwargwado zuwa datum B kuma a kusurwar 60deg daga datum A.
10. Wuri
Matsayi shine madaidaicin maki, saman, layi da sauran abubuwa dangane da matsayinsu mai kyau. An bayyana haƙurin matsayi a matsayin matsakaicin bambancin da za a iya ba da izini a ainihin matsayi dangane da matsayi mai kyau.
A matsayin misali, lokacin da aka ƙara alamar Sph zuwa yankin haƙuri, haƙuri shine ciki na ƙwallon da ke da diamita 0.3mm. Tsakiyar yankin juriya na ƙwallon shine girman daidai a ka'idar, dangane da datums na A, B da C.
11. Coaxiality (concentricity).
Coaxiality shine kalmar da aka yi amfani da ita don bayyana gaskiyar cewa ma'aunin axis na ɓangaren yana tsayawa a cikin layi ɗaya madaidaiciya dangane da axis. Haƙuri ga coaxiality shine bambancin da za'a iya yi tsakanin ainihin axis da ma'anar tunani.
Misali:Yankin haƙuri, lokacin da aka yiwa alama da ƙimar haƙuri, shine sarari tsakanin silinda biyu na diamita 0.08mm. Yankin juriya na madauwari ya zo daidai da datum.
12. Alamu
Haƙurin siminti shine madaidaicin karkata na tsakiyar jirgin sama (ko layin tsakiya, axis) daga madaidaicin jirgin sama. An ayyana juriyar ma'auni azaman madaidaicin karkata na ainihin siffa ta tsakiyar jirgin sama, ko layin tsakiya (axis), daga madaidaicin jirgin sama.
Misali:Yanki na haƙuri shine sarari tsakanin layi biyu masu layi ɗaya ko jirage waɗanda ke da 0.08mm daga juna kuma suna daidaitawa tare da jirgin datum ko tsakiyar layi.
13. Circle Beat
Kalmar runout madauwari tana nufin gaskiyar cewa saman juyi akan sashin ya kasance yana daidaitawa dangane da jirgin datum a cikin ƙayyadaddun jirgin sama. Matsakaicin haƙuri ga runout madauwari ana ba da izinin a cikin kewayon ƙayyadaddun ma'auni, lokacin da abin da za a auna ya kammala cikakken juyi a kusa da axis ba tare da wani motsi na axial ba.
Misali 1:An ayyana yankin haƙuri azaman yanki tsakanin da'irar da'ira tare da bambanci a cikin radius na 0.1mm da cibiyoyin su da ke kan jirgin datum ɗaya.
14. Cikakken bugun
Jimlar runout ita ce jimlar runout a saman ɓangaren da aka auna lokacin da yake jujjuyawa akai-akai a kusa da axis. Jimlar haƙurin runout shine matsakaicin gudu yayin auna kashi yayin da yake jujjuyawa akai-akai a kusa da axis na datum.
Misali 1:An ayyana yankin haƙuri azaman yanki tsakanin saman silinda guda biyu waɗanda ke da bambanci a cikin radius na 0.1mm, kuma suna coaxial zuwa datum.
Misali 2:An bayyana yankin haƙuri azaman yanki tsakanin jiragen sama masu kama da juna waɗanda ke da bambanci a cikin radius na 0.1mm, daidai gwargwado tare da datum.
Wane tasiri haƙurin dijital ke da shi akan sassan injinan CNC?
Daidaito:
Haƙurin dijital yana tabbatar da cewa girman abubuwan da aka ƙera suna cikin ƙayyadaddun iyaka. Yana ba da damar samar da sassan da suka dace daidai da aiki kamar yadda aka yi niyya.
Daidaituwa:
Haƙuri na dijital yana ba da damar daidaito tsakanin sassa da yawa ta hanyar sarrafa girman da bambancin siffar. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga sassan da ke buƙatar zama masu musanya, ko kuma ana amfani da su a cikin matakai kamar haɗuwa inda ake buƙatar daidaito.
Fit da Majalisar
Ana amfani da juriyar dijital don tabbatar da cewa za'a iya haɗa sassa daidai kuma ba tare da matsala ba. Yana hana al'amura kamar tsangwama, wuce gona da iri, rashin daidaituwa da ɗaure tsakanin sassa.
Ayyuka:
Haƙurin dijital daidai ne kuma yana ba da damar samar da sassa waɗanda suka dace da ƙa'idodin aiki. Haƙurin dijital yana da mahimmanci a cikin masana'antu kamar sararin samaniya da kera motoci inda tsananin haƙuri ke da mahimmanci. Yana tabbatar da cewa sassan suna aiki mafi kyau kuma sun cika ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodi masu inganci.
Haɓaka farashi
Haƙuri na dijital yana da mahimmanci a nemo ma'auni daidai tsakanin daidaito, farashi da aiki. Ta hanyar ma'anar haƙuri a hankali, masana'antun za su iya guje wa madaidaicin ƙima, wanda zai iya ƙara farashi yayin kiyaye ayyuka da aiki.
Kula da inganci:
Haƙuri na dijital yana ba da damar ingantaccen kulawar inganci ta hanyar samar da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai waɗanda ke bayyane lokacin aunawa da dubawakayan aikin injin. Yana ba da damar gano farkon gano sabawa daga haƙuri. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton inganci da gyare-gyaren lokaci.
Sassaucin ƙira
Masu zane-zane suna da ƙarin sassauci yayin da ake yin zaneinji sassatare da juriyar dijital. Masu ƙira za su iya ƙididdige haƙuri don ƙayyade iyakoki da bambancin yarda, yayin da har yanzu suna tabbatar da ayyuka da aikin da ake buƙata.
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Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-17-2023