CNC machining fasahar yana da babban matakin daidaito da daidaito kuma yana iya samar da sassa masu kyau tare da juriya kamar ƙananan 0.025 mm. Wannan hanyar mashin ɗin yana cikin nau'in masana'anta na ragewa, wanda ke nufin cewa yayin aikin injin, ana samar da sassan da ake buƙata ta hanyar cire kayan. Sabili da haka, ƙananan alamomin yanke za su kasance a saman sassan da aka gama, wanda zai haifar da wani nau'i na rashin ƙarfi.
Menene rashin ƙarfi na saman?
Fuskar bangon sassan da aka samu ta hanyarInjin CNCalama ce ta matsakaita fineness na farfajiya. Don ƙididdige wannan sifa, muna amfani da ma'auni iri-iri don ayyana ta, daga cikinsu Ra (ma'anar ƙididdiga) ita ce aka fi amfani da ita. Ana ƙididdige shi bisa ƴan ƙananan bambance-bambance a tsayin saman da ƙananan sauye-sauye, yawanci ana auna shi ƙarƙashin na'ura mai ƙima a cikin microns. Ya kamata a lura da cewa rashin ƙarfi na farfajiyar da kuma ƙarewar shimfidar wuri biyu ne daban-daban ra'ayoyi: ko da yake high-madaidaicin machining fasahar iya inganta santsi na surface na sashe, surface roughness musamman yana nufin da texture halaye na surface na bangaren bayan machining.
Ta yaya za mu cimma daban-daban roughness surface?
Ba'a haifar da ƙaƙƙarfan ɓangarorin bayan injin ɗin ba amma ana sarrafa su sosai don isa takamaiman ƙima. Wannan madaidaicin ƙimar an riga an saita shi, amma ba wani abu ba ne da za a iya sanyawa ba bisa ka'ida ba. Madadin haka, ya zama dole a bi ka'idodin ƙimar Ra waɗanda aka sansu sosai a masana'antar masana'anta. Misali, bisa ga ISO 4287, inCNC machining matakai, Za a iya bayyana kewayon darajar Ra a fili, kama daga ƙananan 25 microns zuwa 0.025 microns mai kyau sosai don dacewa da buƙatun aikace-aikace iri-iri.
Muna ba da maki huɗu na roughness na saman, waɗanda kuma sune dabi'u na yau da kullun don aikace-aikacen injinan CNC:
3.2m Ra
Ra 1.6 μm Ra
0.8 μm Ra
0.4 μm Ra
Daban-daban machining matakai da daban-daban bukatun ga surface roughness na sassa. Sai kawai lokacin da takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikacen za a ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙima saboda cimma ƙananan ƙimar Ra na buƙatar ƙarin ayyukan injina da ƙarin tsauraran matakan sarrafa inganci, wanda galibi yana ƙara farashi da lokaci. Don haka, lokacin da ake buƙatar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun aiki, yawanci ba a zaɓi ayyukan da ake aiwatarwa ba da farko saboda hanyoyin aiwatarwa suna da wahalar sarrafawa daidai kuma suna iya yin mummunan tasiri akan jure juzu'in ɓangaren.
A cikin wasu hanyoyin sarrafa injina, ƙayyadaddun yanayin sashe yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan aikinsa, aiki, da dorewa. Yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da ƙimar juzu'i, matakin amo, lalacewa, ƙirar zafi, da aikin haɗin gwiwa na ɓangaren. Koyaya, mahimmancin waɗannan abubuwan zasu bambanta dangane da takamaiman yanayin aikace-aikacen. Sabili da haka, a wasu lokuta, rashin ƙarfi na sama bazai zama wani abu mai mahimmanci ba, amma a wasu lokuta, irin su babban tashin hankali, matsananciyar damuwa, babban yanayin girgiza, da kuma inda daidaitaccen motsi, motsi mai laushi, juyawa mai sauri, ko a matsayin likita ake bukata. A cikin abubuwan da aka gyara, rashin ƙarfi na saman yana da mahimmanci. A takaice, yanayi daban-daban na aikace-aikacen suna da buƙatu daban-daban don ƙaƙƙarfan sassa.
Na gaba, za mu yi zurfin zurfi cikin makin rashin ƙarfi kuma mu samar muku da duk bayanan da kuke buƙatar sani lokacin zabar ƙimar Ra da ta dace don aikace-aikacenku.
3.2mRa
Wannan sigar shiri ce da ake amfani da ita sosai wacce ta dace da sassa da yawa kuma tana ba da isasshen santsi amma har yanzu tare da alamun yankan bayyane. Idan babu umarni na musamman, wannan ƙayyadaddun ƙaƙƙarfan yanayi yawanci ana ɗauka ta tsohuwa.
3.2 μm Ra machining mark
Don ɓangarorin da ke buƙatar jure wa damuwa, kaya, da rawar jiki, shawarar matsakaicin ƙimar ƙimar saman shine 3.2 microns Ra. Ƙarƙashin yanayin nauyi mai sauƙi da jinkirin saurin motsi, ana iya amfani da wannan ƙimar ƙaƙƙarfan don daidaita filaye masu motsi. Don cimma irin wannan rashin ƙarfi, ana buƙatar yankan sauri mai sauri, abinci mai kyau, da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi yayin sarrafawa.
1.6m Ra
Yawanci, lokacin da aka zaɓi wannan zaɓi, alamomin yanke a ɓangaren za su zama haske sosai kuma ba za a iya gane su ba. Wannan ƙimar Ra ta dace sosai don ɓangarorin da suka dace, ɓangarorin da ke ƙarƙashin damuwa, da saman da ke motsawa a hankali kuma ana ɗauka da sauƙi. Koyaya, bai dace da ɓangarorin da ke juyawa da sauri ko fuskantar girgiza mai tsanani ba. Ana samun wannan ƙaƙƙarfar saman ta amfani da babban saurin yanke, abinci mai kyau, da yanke haske a ƙarƙashin ingantattun yanayin sarrafawa.
Dangane da farashi, don daidaitattun allunan aluminum (kamar 3.1645), zaɓin wannan zaɓi zai ƙara farashin samarwa da kusan 2.5%. Kuma yayin da rikitarwa na ɓangaren ke ƙaruwa, farashin zai karu daidai da haka.
0.8m Ra
Samun wannan babban matakin ƙarewar saman yana buƙatar kulawa sosai yayin samarwa kuma, saboda haka, yana da tsada sosai. Ana amfani da wannan gamawa sau da yawa akan sassa masu yawan damuwa kuma a wasu lokuta ana amfani da su akan bearings inda motsi da lodi suke lokaci-lokaci da haske.
Dangane da farashi, zabar wannan babban matakin gamawa zai haɓaka farashin samarwa da kusan 5% don daidaitattun allunan aluminum kamar 3.1645, kuma wannan farashin yana ƙaruwa yayin da ɓangaren ya zama mai rikitarwa.
0.4m Ra
Wannan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan (ko "mai laushi") yana nuna alamar ƙarewa mai inganci kuma ya dace da sassan da ke fuskantar babban tashin hankali ko damuwa, da kuma abubuwan da ke juyawa da sauri kamar bearings da shafts. Saboda tsarin samar da wannan farfajiyar yana da ɗan rikitarwa, ana zaɓar shi ne kawai lokacin da santsi ya zama mahimmanci.
Dangane da farashi, don daidaitattun allunan aluminium (kamar 3.1645), zaɓin wannan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan yanayi zai ƙara farashin samarwa da kusan 11-15%. Kuma yayin da rikitarwa na ɓangaren ke ƙaruwa, farashin da ake buƙata zai kara karuwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-10-2024