Bakin karfe babban zaɓi ne don yin kayan aiki. Koyo game da bakin karfe na iya taimaka wa masu amfani da kayan aiki su ƙware wajen zaɓar da amfani da kayan aiki yadda ya kamata.
Bakin karfe, sau da yawa ana gajarta da SS, yana iya jure wa iska, tururi, ruwa, da sauran abubuwa masu laushi masu laushi. A halin yanzu, karfen da ke iya jure tasirin lalata sinadarai daga abubuwa kamar su acid, alkali, gishiri, da sauran abubuwan sinadarai, an san shi da ƙarfe mai jure acid.
Bakin karfe, wanda kuma aka sani da bakin karfe mai jurewa acid, zai iya jure iska, tururi, ruwa, da abubuwa masu laushi masu lalata. Duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba duk bakin karfe ba ne ke jure lalata sinadarai. A gefe guda kuma, an ƙera ƙarfe mai jure acid don tsayayya da tasirin hanyoyin sadarwa na sinadarai kamar acid, alkali, da gishiri. Ƙarfafa juriya na bakin karfe yana ƙaddara ta abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin karfe.
Rarraba gama gari
Yawanci ana rarraba ta ƙungiyar metallographic:
A cikin tsarin ƙungiyar metallographic, bakin karfe na yau da kullun ana rarraba shi zuwa rukuni uku: Austenitic bakin karfe, bakin karfe na ferritic, da bakin karfe na martensitic. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin sun zama tushen tushe, kuma daga can, an ƙera ƙarfe na biphase, bakin karfe mai taurin hazo, da ƙarfe mai ƙarfi mai ɗauke da ƙasa da kashi 50% na ƙarfe don biyan takamaiman buƙatu da sabis na musamman.
1, Bakin Karfe Ba Magnetic Ba
Irin wannan bakin karfe yana da tsarin crystal wanda aka sani da austenitic, wanda aka fi ƙarfafa ta hanyar aikin sanyi. Ba maganadisu bane, amma jerin lambobi 200 da 300, kamar 304, Cibiyar Iron da Karfe ta Amurka galibi ke amfani da ita don gano wannan ƙarfe.
2, Bakin Karfe Wanda Yafi Yawan Karfe
Wannan nau'in bakin karfe ya ƙunshi tsarin crystal wanda ferrite (phase A) ya mamaye shi. Yawanci ba za a iya taurare ta hanyar dumama ba, amma yin aikin sanyi na iya haifar da ɗan ƙara ƙarfi. Cibiyar Iron da Karfe ta Amurka ta ƙayyade 430 da 446 a matsayin misalai.
3, Tauri Bakin Karfe
Wannan nau'in bakin karfe yana da tsarin crystal mai suna martensitic wanda yake maganadisu. Ana iya canza kayan aikin injinsa ta hanyar maganin zafi. Cibiyar Iron da Karfe ta Amurka tana nufin 410, 420, da 440. Martensite yana farawa tare da tsarin austenitic a yanayin zafi mai yawa kuma yana iya canzawa zuwa martensite (watau yana da wahala) lokacin da yake sanyi a daidai saurin zuwa zafin jiki.
4, Duplex Bakin Karfe
Irin wannan bakin karfe yana da cakuda austenitic da ferritic Tsarin. Matsakaicin ƙaramin lokaci a cikin tsarin yawanci ya fi 15%, yana mai da shi maganadisu kuma yana iya ƙarfafa ta ta hanyar aikin sanyi. 329 sanannen misali ne na irin wannan bakin karfe. Idan aka kwatanta da austenitic bakin karfe, duplex karfe yana nuna mafi girma ƙarfi da kuma sanannen karuwa a juriya ga intergranular lalata, chloride danniya lalata, da batu lalata.
5, Bakin Karfe tare da Hazo Hardening Capability
Irin wannan bakin karfe yana da matrix wanda ko dai austenitic ko martensitic kuma ana iya taurare ta hanyar hazo. Iron Amurka
kumaCibiyar Karfe tana ba da jerin lambobi 600 ga waɗannan karafa, kamar 630, wanda kuma aka sani da 17-4PH.
Gabaɗaya, baya ga gami, bakin karfe austenitic yana ba da juriya na musamman na lalata. Don ƙarancin mahalli mai lalacewa, ana iya amfani da bakin karfe na ferritic, yayin da a cikin ƙananan wurare masu lalata inda ake buƙatar ƙarfin ƙarfi ko taurin, bakin karfe na martensitic da hazo mai taurara bakin karfe sun dace da zaɓuɓɓuka.
Fasaloli da wuraren aikace-aikace
Fasahar sararin samaniya
Bambancin kauri
1, saboda injunan niƙa na ƙarfe a cikin tsarin jujjuyawar, zafin nadi yana bayyana ɗan nakasu, wanda ya haifar da kauri na birgima na allo, gabaɗaya mai kauri a ɓangarorin biyu na bakin ciki. Lokacin auna kaurin allon, jihar ta tanadi cewa ya kamata a auna tsakiyar bangaren shugaban hukumar.
2, dalilin haƙuri shine bisa ga kasuwa da buƙatar abokin ciniki, gabaɗaya zuwa manyan juzu'i da ƙananan haƙuri: misali,
Wani irin bakin karfe ne ba sauki ga tsatsa?
Akwai manyan abubuwa guda uku da suka shafi lalata bakin karfe:
1, abun ciki na alloying abubuwa.
Tasirin Abubuwan Abubuwan Alloy Gabaɗaya, ƙarfe mai ɗauke da aƙalla 10.5% chromium yana nuna juriya ga tsatsa. Bugu da ƙari, bakin karfe tare da matakan chromium da nickel mafi girma, kamar yadda aka samo a cikin karfe 304 tare da 8-10% nickel da 18-20% chromium, yana nuna ingantaccen juriya na lalata kuma gabaɗaya yana da juriya ga tsatsa a cikin yanayi na yau da kullun.
2. Tasirin Tsarin narkewa akan Juriya na Lalacewa
Har ila yau, juriya na lalata na bakin karfe na iya yin tasiri ta hanyar aikin narkewa a wuraren samarwa. Manya-manyan tsire-tsire na bakin karfe sanye take da fasahar ci gaba da kayan aiki na zamani na iya tabbatar da ingantaccen ingantaccen ingancin samfur ta hanyar daidaitaccen sarrafa abubuwan haɗaka, kawar da ƙazanta mai inganci, da daidaitaccen sarrafa yanayin sanyi na billet. Wannan yana haifar da ingantacciyar inganci na ciki da rage saurin kamuwa da tsatsa. Akasin haka, ƙananan masana'antun ƙarfe tare da tsofaffin kayan aiki da fasaha na iya yin gwagwarmaya don cire ƙazanta yayin narkewa, wanda zai haifar da lalatar samfuransu.
3. yanayin waje, yanayin ya bushe kuma yanayin iska ba shi da sauƙin tsatsa.
Yanayin yanayin waje, musamman busasshen yanayi mai kyau da iska mai kyau, baya haɓaka samuwar tsatsa. Sabanin haka, matsanancin zafi na iska, tsawan yanayi na ruwan sama, ko mahalli tare da matakan pH masu girma na iya haifar da samuwar tsatsa. Ko da bakin karfe 304 zai yi tsatsa idan aka fuskanci mummunan yanayi.
Bakin karfe ya bayyana tsatsa ta yadda za a magance?
1. Hanyoyin sinadarai
Yi amfani da hanyoyin sinadarai kamar feshi ko fesa don sauƙaƙe sake wucewar wuraren da suka lalace, samar da fim ɗin chromium oxide wanda ke dawo da juriyar lalata. Bayan zabar, kurkure sosai da ruwa yana da mahimmanci don cire duk wani gurɓataccen abu da ragowar acid. Kammala tsarin jiyya ta hanyar sake gyarawa tare da kayan aiki masu dacewa da rufewa da kakin zuma. Don ƙananan wuraren tsatsa na gida, ana iya amfani da cakuda man fetur da man fetur 1: 1 tare da zane mai tsabta don cire tsatsa.
2. Hanyar inji
Yin amfani da fashewar yashi, gilashi ko yumbu mai harbin iska mai ƙarfi, gogewa, gogewa, da goge goge sun zama hanyoyin jiki don kawar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu da ya bari ta hanyar gogewa ko ayyukan gogewa. Duk wani nau'i na gurɓatawa, musamman baƙin ƙarfe na waje, na iya haifar da lalacewa, musamman a cikin saitunan datti. Don haka, yana da kyau a aiwatar da tsaftacewar jiki na saman a ƙarƙashin yanayin bushewa. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa aikace-aikacen hanyoyin jiki na iya kawar da ƙazantar ƙasa kawai kuma baya canza juriyar lalata kayan. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a gama aikin ta hanyar sake gyarawa tare da kayan aiki masu dacewa da kuma rufewa da kakin zuma mai gogewa.
Kayan aikin da aka saba amfani da su na bakin karfe da kuma aiki
1, 304 bakin karfe ne mai amfani sosai austenitic bakin karfe, manufa don samar da zurfin-jawo.cnc kayan aikin injin, bututun acid, kwantena, sassa na tsari, da jikin kayan aiki daban-daban. Bugu da ƙari, yana da ikon ƙera kayan aikin da ba na maganadisu ba da ƙarancin zafin jiki da abubuwan haɗin gwiwa.
2, 304L bakin karfe ana amfani da shi don magance raunin lalata na 304 bakin karfe saboda hazo Cr23C6 a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi. Halin hankali na wannan ultra-low carbon austenitic bakin karfe yana ba da ingantacciyar ingantacciyar juriyar lalatawar intergranular idan aka kwatanta da bakin karfe 304. Bugu da ƙari, yayin da yake nuna ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, yana raba irin wannan kaddarorin tare da bakin karfe 321 kuma ana ɗaukarsa da farko don walda. Ya dace sosai don kera jikin kayan aiki daban-daban da kayan aiki masu juriya da lalata da abubuwan da ba za su iya jurewa magani mai ƙarfi ba.
3, 304H bakin karfe. Reshe na ciki na 304 bakin karfe, carbon taro juzu'i na 0.04% -0.10%, high zafin jiki yi ne mafi alhẽri daga 304 bakin karfe.
4, 316 bakin karfe. Bugu da ƙari na molybdenum bisa 10Cr18Ni12 karfe yana sa karfe yana da kyakkyawan juriya don rage yawan watsa labarai da lalata. A cikin ruwan teku da sauran kafofin watsa labarai, juriya na lalata ya fi 304 bakin karfe, galibi ana amfani da shi don kayan juriya.
5, 316L bakin karfe. Ultra-low carbon karfe, tare da mai kyau juriya ga sensitized intergranular lalata, dace da yi na welded sassa da kayan aiki tare da lokacin farin ciki giciye-sashe masu girma dabam, kamar lalata resistant kayan a petrochemical kayan aiki.
6, 316H bakin karfe. 316 bakin karfe ciki reshe, carbon taro juzu'i na 0.04% -0.10%, high zafin jiki yi ne mafi alhẽri daga 316 bakin karfe.
7,317 bakin karfe. Pitting da creep juriya ya fi 316L bakin karfe, wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen kera kayan aikin petrochemical da Organic acid lalata.
8, 321 bakin karfe shine bakin karfe austenitic tare da daidaitawar titanium. Bugu da kari na titanium da nufin inganta juriya ga intergranular lalata, kuma shi ma nuna m inji Properties a high yanayin zafi. A mafi yawan yanayi, ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da shi ba, sai dai takamaiman yanayi kamar fuskantar yanayin zafi mai zafi ko lalatawar hydrogen.
9, 347 bakin karfe ne austenitic bakin karfe gami da aka daidaita tare da niobium. Bugu da ƙari na niobium yana aiki don haɓaka juriya ga lalatawar intergranular da ikon jure lalata a cikin acidic, alkaline, gishiri, da sauran wurare masu zafi. Hakanan yana nuna kyawawan halaye na walda, yana mai da shi dacewa da amfani azaman abu mai juriya da lalata da kuma ƙarfe mai jure zafi. Wannan karfe gami da aka fi amfani a thermal ikon da petrochemical masana'antu for daban-daban aikace-aikace kamar masana'antu kwantena, bututu, zafi Exchanges, shafts, da makera bututu a masana'antu tanderu, kazalika ga tanderun tube ma'aunin zafi da sanyio.
10, 904L bakin karfe babban ci gaba ne austenitic bakin karfe wanda OUTOKUMPU (Finland) ya haɓaka tare da abun ciki na nickel daga 24% zuwa 26% da abun ciki na carbon ƙasa da 0.02%. Yana alfahari da juriya na musamman na lalata kuma yana aiki da kyau a cikin acid marasa ƙarfi kamar su sulfuric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, da phosphoric acid. Bugu da ƙari, yana nuna juriya mai ƙarfi ga ɓarnawar ɓarna da lalata damuwa. Ya dace da amfani da sulfuric acid a wurare daban-daban da ke ƙasa da 70 ℃ kuma yana ba da juriya na lalata a cikin acetic acid da gauraye acid na formic acid da acetic acid a kowane taro da zafin jiki a ƙarƙashin matsa lamba na al'ada. Asalin asali a matsayin gami na tushen nickel a ƙarƙashin ma'aunin ASMESB-625, yanzu an sake shi azaman bakin karfe. Yayin da karfe 015Cr19Ni26Mo5Cu2 na kasar Sin ya raba kamanceceniya da 904L, masana'antun kayan aikin Turai da yawa suna amfani da bakin karfe 904L a matsayin kayan farko don su.sassan cnc, kamar E+ H mass flow mita bututu da kuma Rolex agogon.
11,440C bakin karfe. Martensitic bakin karfe, mafi girman tauri a cikin bakin karfe mai tauri, bakin karfe, taurin shine HRC57. An fi amfani dashi don yin nozzles, bearings, bawul spool, wurin zama, hannun riga, kara da sauransu.
12, 17-4PH bakin karfe an classified a matsayin martensitic hazo-taurare bakin karfe tare da Rockwell taurin na 44. Yana bayar da na kwarai ƙarfi, taurin, da lalata juriya, ko da yake bai dace da amfani a yanayin zafi wuce 300 ° C. Wannan karfe yana nuna juriya mai kyau ga yanayin yanayi, da diluted acid ko gishiri. Juriyarsa na lalata yana kama da na bakin karfe 304 da bakin karfe 430. Aikace-aikace na wannan karfe sun haɗa da amfani da shi wajen samar da dandamali na teku, injin turbine, bawul spools, kujeru, hannayen riga, bawul mai tushe, da sauransu.
A cikin filin kayan aiki na ƙwararru, zaɓi na al'ada austenitic bakin karfe an ƙaddara ta hanyar abubuwa kamar haɓaka da farashi. Jerin da aka fi ba da shawarar don zaɓin bakin karfe shine 304-304L-316-316L-317-321-347-904L. Musamman ma, 317 ba shi da amfani da yawa, 321 ba a yarda da shi ba, 347 an fi so don juriya na lalata zafin jiki, kuma 904L shine tsoho abu don takamaiman abubuwan da wasu kamfanoni ke ƙera. Bakin karfe 904L yawanci ba shine zaɓi na yau da kullun a aikace-aikacen ƙira ba.
A cikin ƙirar kayan aiki da zaɓin, sau da yawa haɗu da nau'ikan tsarin daban-daban, jerin, maki na bakin karfe, zaɓin ya kamata ya dogara da ƙayyadaddun hanyoyin watsa labarai na tsari, zafin jiki, matsa lamba, sassan damuwa, lalata, farashi da sauran abubuwan la'akari.
Neman Anebon da makasudin kasuwanci shine "Koyaushe biyan bukatun abokin cinikinmu". Anebon ya ci gaba da kafawa da salo da ƙira ƙwararrun kayayyaki masu inganci don duka tsoffin abubuwan da suka gabata da sabbin al'amura da kuma cimma nasarar nasara ga abokan cinikinmu kamar yadda muke keɓance bayanan martaba masu inganci,cnc juya sassan aluminumkumaaluminum milling sassaga abokan ciniki. Anebon tare da buɗe hannu, ya gayyaci duk masu siye masu sha'awar ziyartar gidan yanar gizon mu ko tuntuɓar mu kai tsaye don ƙarin bayani.
Factory Customized China CNC Machine da CNC Engraving Machine, Anebon ta samfurin ne yadu gane da kuma amince da masu amfani da kuma iya saduwa ci gaba da bunkasa tattalin arziki da zamantakewa bukatun. Anebon yana maraba da sabbin abokan ciniki da tsoffin abokan ciniki daga kowane fanni na rayuwa don tuntuɓar mu don dangantakar kasuwanci ta gaba da samun nasarar juna!
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-23-2024