Ilimin asali na zanen injiniya | Cikakken gabatarwa tare da hotuna da rubutu

1. Aiki da abun ciki na zanen sashi

1. Matsayin zane-zane
Kowane inji yana kunshe da sassa da yawa, kuma don kera na'ura, dole ne a fara kera sassan. Zane sashi shine tushen masana'anta da duba sassan. Yana gabatar da wasu buƙatu don sassa dangane da siffar, tsari, girman, kayan aiki da fasaha bisa ga matsayi da aikin sassan da ke cikin injin.

2. Abubuwan da ke cikin zane-zane
Cikakken zane ya kamata ya haɗa da abubuwan da ke gaba, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 1:

Hoto 1 Zane na INT7 2"

(1) Rukunin taken da ke cikin ƙananan kusurwar dama na zane, ginshiƙin taken gabaɗaya yana cika sunan ɓangaren, abu, adadi, adadin zane, sa hannun mutumin da ke da alhakin lambar da zane, da kuma sunan naúrar. Jagorar mashaya take ya kamata ya yi daidai da alƙawarin kallon hoton.

(2) Rukunin zane-zane da aka yi amfani da su don bayyana tsarin tsarin sashin, wanda za'a iya bayyana ta hanyar gani, kallon sashe, sashe, hanyar zane da aka tsara da kuma hanyar zane mai sauƙi.

(3) Ma'auni masu mahimmanci suna nuna girman girman da alaƙar matsayi na kowane ɓangare na ɓangaren, kuma sun cika bukatunjuya sassamasana'antu da dubawa.

(4) Abubuwan buƙatun fasaha Ana ba da ƙaƙƙarfan yanayin ƙasa, juriya mai girma, juriya da matsayi na sassa, da kuma maganin zafi da buƙatun jiyya na kayan.

2. Duba
Ra'ayi na asali: ra'ayin da aka samu ta hanyar zana abu zuwa saman saman tsinkaya na asali guda shida (abun yana tsakiyar kubu, an tsara shi zuwa kwatance shida na gaba, baya, hagu, dama, sama, ƙasa), sune:

Duba gaba (babban gani), duban hagu, duba dama, duba sama, duba ƙasa da duba baya.

3. Gaba ɗaya da rabi rarraba

   Don taimakawa wajen fahimtar tsarin ciki da ma'auni masu alaƙa na abu, wani lokaci ya zama dole don raba ra'ayi da aka samu ta hanyar yanke abu a cikin cikakken ra'ayi da rabi.
Cikakken ra'ayi na sashe: Ra'ayin sashe da aka samu ta hanyar yanke abu gaba ɗaya tare da jirgin sashe ana kiransa cikakken sashe

Duba rabin sashe: Lokacin da abu yana da jirgin sama na simti, adadi da aka zayyana akan farfajiyar tsinkayar da ke daidai da jirgin na simmeteri za a iya daure shi da layin tsakiya, rabin wanda aka zana shi a matsayin mahallin sashe, sauran rabin kuma an zana shi kamar kallo, wanda ake kira kallon rabin sashe.

4. Girma da lakabi

1.Ma'anar girman: ƙimar lambobi mai wakiltar ƙimar girman madaidaiciya a cikin takamaiman naúrar

2. Rarraba Girma:
1)Girman asali Ana iya ƙididdige girman girman ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ta amfani da ɓata babba da ƙananan.
2)Girman gaskiya Girman da aka samu ta aunawa.
3)Ƙimar iyaka Ƙimar iyaka Biyu da aka ba da izini ta hanyar girma, mafi girma ana kiransa matsakaicin iyakar girman; ƙarami ana kiransa mafi ƙarancin iyaka.
4)Bambance-bambancen girman Bambancin algebra da aka samu ta hanyar rage girman asali daga madaidaicin girman iyaka ana kiransa karkacewa babba; Bambancin algebra da aka samu ta hanyar rage girman asali daga mafi ƙarancin iyaka shine ake kira ƙananan karkata. Maɓallai na sama da na ƙasa gabaɗaya ana kiran su da karkatacciyar hanya, kuma karkacewar na iya zama tabbatacce ko mara kyau.
5)Haƙuri na girma, wanda ake magana da shi azaman haƙuri, shine bambanci tsakanin matsakaicin iyakar girman ragi mafi ƙarancin iyaka, wanda shine canjin girman da aka yarda. Jurewar girma koyaushe yana da kyau
Misali: Φ20 0.5 -0.31; inda Φ20 shine girman asali kuma 0.81 shine haƙuri. 0.5 shine babban karkata, -0.31 shine ƙananan karkacewa. 20.5 da 19.69 su ne matsakaicin da mafi ƙarancin iyaka masu girma dabam.
6)Sifili line
A cikin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun zane mai dacewa, madaidaiciyar layi mai wakiltar madaidaicin girma, dangane da abin da aka ƙayyade ƙetare da haƙuri.
7)Daidaitaccen haƙuri
Duk wani haƙuri da aka ƙayyade a cikin tsarin iyaka da dacewa. Ƙididdiga na ƙasa ya nuna cewa don wani ƙayyadaddun girman asali, akwai matakan haƙuri 20 a cikin daidaitattun haƙuri.
An raba haƙuri zuwa jerin ma'auni guda uku: CT, IT, da JT. CT jerin shine ma'aunin haƙuri na simintin gyare-gyare, IT shine juriyar juriya na kasa da kasa na ISO, JT shine juriyar juriya na Ma'aikatar Injin China

Daban-daban nau'ikan haƙuri don samfuran daban-daban. Mafi girman matsayi, mafi girma da bukatun fasaha na samarwa kuma mafi girman farashi. Misali, matakin juriya na simintin yashi gabaɗaya CT8-CT10 ne, yayin da kamfaninmu ke amfani da daidaitattun CT6-CT9 na duniya don daidaitaccen simintin.

8)Bambanci na asali A cikin ƙayyadaddun tsarin iyaka da dacewa, ƙayyade iyakance iyaka na yankin haƙuri dangane da matsayin layin sifili, gabaɗaya karkacewa kusa da layin sifili. Ƙididdigar ƙasa ta ƙulla cewa ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodin suna wakiltar haruffan Latin, babban harafin yana nuna ramin, ƙananan haruffa kuma yana nuna shaft, kuma 28 na asali na asali an tsara su don kowane ɓangaren girman girman rami da shaft. Koyi shirye-shiryen UG kuma ƙara ƙungiyar Q. 726236503 don taimaka muku.

3. Alamar girma

1)Bukatun girma
Girman akan zanen sashi shine tushen sarrafawa da dubawa lokacin masana'antacnc milling kayayyakin. Sabili da haka, ban da kasancewa daidai, cikakke kuma bayyananne, girman da aka yi alama a kan zane-zane na ɓangaren ya kamata ya zama mai ma'ana kamar yadda zai yiwu, ko da ma'aunin da aka lura ya dace da buƙatun ƙira kuma sun dace da sarrafawa da aunawa.
2)Maganar girman girman
Ma'auni masu girma shine ma'auni don yin alama mai girma. An rarraba ma'auni na ƙira gabaɗaya zuwa ma'auni na ƙira (amfani da su don tantance yanayin tsarin sassa yayin ƙira) da ma'auni na tsari (amfani da matsayi, sarrafawa da dubawa yayin masana'antu).
Za'a iya amfani da saman ƙasa, saman ƙarshen, jirgin sama, axis da cibiyar da'irar sashin azaman girman datum kuma ana iya raba shi zuwa babban datum da datum mai taimako. Gabaɗaya, ana zaɓar datum ɗin ƙira ɗaya azaman babban datum a cikin kowane kwatance guda uku na tsayi, faɗi, da tsayi, kuma suna ƙayyade ainihin girman ɓangaren. Wadannan manyan ma'auni suna rinjayar aikin aiki da daidaiton haɗuwa na sassa a cikin na'ura. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a yi allurar manyan matakan kai tsaye daga babban datum. Sauran datum mai girma sai dai babban datum sune ƙarin datums don sauƙaƙe sarrafawa da aunawa. Datum na biyu suna da ma'auni masu alaƙa da datum na farko.

5. Juriya da dacewa

Lokacin samarwa da haɗa injina a cikin batches, ana buƙatar nau'ikan nau'ikan abubuwan da suka dace na iya biyan buƙatun ƙira da amfani da buƙatun muddin ana sarrafa su bisa ga zane-zane kuma an haɗa su ba tare da zaɓi ba. Wannan dukiya tsakanin sassa ana kiranta musayar canji. Bayan sassan sun kasance masu musanya, masana'anta da kiyaye sassa da abubuwan da aka gyara ana sauƙaƙa sosai, an rage zagayowar samar da samfur, haɓaka yawan aiki, da rage farashin.

Ma'anar haƙuri da dacewa

1 hakuri
Idan girman sassan da za a kera da sarrafa su daidai ne, hakika ba zai yiwu ba. Koyaya, don tabbatar da musanyawar sassa, ana iya ƙididdige bambancin girma gwargwadon buƙatun amfani da sassan yayin ƙira, ko juriya ga gajere. Ƙananan ƙimar haƙuri, wato, ƙananan bambancin kewayon kuskuren da aka yarda, da wuya a aiwatar da shi.

2 Ma'anar siffa da haƙurin matsayi (wanda ake magana da shi azaman juriya da matsayi)
Fuskar sashin da aka sarrafa ba wai kawai yana da kurakurai masu girma ba, har ma yana haifar da kurakuran siffa da matsayi. Wadannan kurakurai ba kawai rage daidaito nacnc machining karfe sassa, amma kuma yana shafar aikin. Saboda haka, ma'auni na ƙasa ya ƙayyade siffar da matsayi na haƙuri na saman ɓangaren, wanda ake kira da siffar da matsayi.

1) Alamomin juriyar juriya na abubuwa fasali
Kamar yadda aka nuna a tebur 2

2) Hanyar lura da juriya mai girma a cikin zane nacnc kayan aiki sassa
Hakurin juzu'i a cikin zanen sashe galibi ana yiwa alama da ƙima mai iyaka, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi.

3) Abubuwan buƙatun don siffa da juriya na matsayi na sash an ba da su a cikin sash, kuma sash ya ƙunshi grids biyu ko fiye. Abubuwan da ke cikin firam ɗin za a cika su cikin tsari mai zuwa daga hagu zuwa dama: Alamar juriya, ƙimar haƙuri, da ɗaya ko fiye haruffa don nuna fasalin datum ko tsarin datum idan ya cancanta. Kamar yadda aka nuna a adadi a. Fiye da juzu'i ɗaya don fasalin iri ɗaya

Lokacin da aikin ya buƙaci, ana iya sanya sash ɗaya a ƙarƙashin wani sash, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto b.

4) Abubuwan da aka auna
Haɗa ma'aunin da aka auna zuwa ɗaya ƙarshen firam ɗin haƙuri tare da layin jagora tare da kibiya, kuma kibiya na layin jagora tana nuna nisa ko diamita na yankin haƙuri. Sassan da manyan kibiyoyi na iya haɗawa da:
(1)Lokacin da abin da za a auna shi ne gaba ɗaya axis ko jirgin sama na gama-gari, kibiyar jagora na iya yin nuni kai tsaye zuwa ga axis ko tsakiya, kamar yadda aka nuna a hagu a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.
(2)Lokacin da sinadarin da za a auna shi ne axis, tsakiyar fili ko jirgin sama na tsakiya, kibiyar jagora ya kamata a daidaita shi da ma'aunin ma'aunin kashi, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.
(3)Lokacin da sinadarin da za a auna shi ne layi ko saman, kibiyar layin jagora ya kamata ya nuna layin kwane-kwane na element ko layin fitar da gubar, sannan kuma a yi shi a fili tare da layin girman, kamar yadda aka nuna a dama. na adadi a kasa

5) Abubuwan Datum
Haɗa ɓangaren datum tare da ɗayan ƙarshen firam ɗin haƙuri tare da layin jagora tare da alamar datum, kamar yadda aka nuna a hagu a cikin adadi na ƙasa.
(1)Lokacin da fasalin datum ya kasance babban layi ko saman, alamar datum yakamata a yiwa alama kusa da jimillar ko layin jagorar siffar, kuma yakamata a lissafta shi a fili tare da kibiya mai girma, kamar yadda aka nuna a hagu a hoton da ke ƙasa. .
(2)Lokacin da datum element ya zama axis, tsakiyar sphere ko jirgin sama na tsakiya, alamar datum ya kamata ya kasance
Daidaita tare da kiban layin girman fasalin, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.
(3)Lokacin da sinadarin datum shine gaba ɗaya axis ko jirgin sama na gama gari, alamar datum na iya zama
Yi alama kai tsaye kusa da axis gama gari (ko layin tsakiya na gama gari), kamar yadda aka nuna a hannun dama na hoton da ke ƙasa.

3 Cikakken Bayanin Hakuri na Geometric
Samfura Abubuwan Haƙuri da Alamomin Su

Misalin Juriya na Form

Aikin	Serial number	Zane annotation	Yankin haƙuri	Bayani
Madaidaici	1			Ainihin layin dogo dole ne ya kasance tsakanin jirage guda biyu masu layi daya tare da nisa na 0.02mm a cikin hanyar da kibiya ta nuna.
	2			Ainihin layin dogo dole ne a kasance a cikin madaidaicin priism tare da nisa na 0.04mm a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya da nisa na 0.02mm a tsaye.
	3			Ainihin axis na Φd dole ne a kasance a cikin silinda wanda diamita ya kasance Φ0.04mm tare da madaidaicin axis a matsayin axis.
	4			Duk wani babban layi akan saman silinda dole ne ya kasance a cikin jirgin axial kuma tsakanin layi biyu madaidaiciya madaidaiciya tare da nisa na 0.02mm.
	5			Duk wani layi na kashi a cikin tsayin shugabanci na saman dole ne ya kasance tsakanin layi biyu madaidaiciya madaidaiciya tare da nisa na 0.04mm a cikin sashin axial tsakanin kowane tsayin 100mm.
Lalata	6			Dole ne a samo ainihin saman a cikin jiragen sama guda biyu masu layi daya tare da nisa na 0.1mm a cikin hanyar da kibiya ta nuna.
Zagaye	7			A cikin kowane sashe na al'ada daidai da axis, bayanin martabar sashin sa dole ne ya kasance tsakanin da'irori biyu masu tattarawa tare da bambancin radius na 0.02mm
Silindricity	8			Ainihin farfajiyar cylindrical dole ne a kasance tsakanin saman coaxial cylindrical biyu tare da bambancin radius na 0.05mm

Misalin Juriya na Matsayi 1

Aikin	Serial number	Zane annotation	Yankin haƙuri	Bayani
Daidaituwa	1			Axis na Φd dole ne ya kasance tsakanin jiragen sama guda biyu masu layi daya tare da nisa na 0.1mm kuma a layi daya zuwa ga ma'aunin tunani a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya.
	2			Matsakaicin Φd dole ne ya kasance a cikin madaidaicin prism mai nisa tare da nisa na 0.2mm a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya da nisa na 0.1mm a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya kuma daidai da axis axis.
	3			Axis na Φd dole ne ya kasance a cikin saman silinda tare da diamita na Φ0.1mm kuma a layi daya zuwa ga ma'aunin tunani.
A tsaye	4			Ƙarshen ƙarshen hagu dole ne ya kasance tsakanin jiragen sama guda biyu masu layi daya tare da nisa na 0.05mm kuma daidai da axis na tunani.
	5			Matsakaicin Φd dole ne ya kasance a cikin saman silinda tare da diamita na Φ0.05mm kuma daidai da jirgin datum.
	6			Matsakaicin Φd dole ne ya kasance a cikin prism mai kusurwa huɗu tare da sashe na 0.1mm × 0.2mm kuma daidai da jirgin datum
Hankali	7			Axis na Φd dole ne ya kasance tsakanin jirage guda biyu masu layi daya tare da nisa na 0.1mm da daidaitaccen kusurwa na 60° tare da axis na tunani.

Misalin Juriya na Matsayin Watsawa 2

Aikin	Serial number	Zane annotation	Yankin haƙuri	Bayani
Mahimmanci	1			Matsakaicin Φd dole ne ya kwanta a saman silinda tare da diamita na Φ0.1mm da coaxial tare da axis na gama gari AB. Axis na gama gari shine madaidaicin axis wanda ainihin gatura biyu na A da B suka raba, wanda aka ƙaddara bisa ga mafi ƙarancin yanayin.
Alamar alama	2			Jirgin tsakiyar tsagi dole ne ya kasance tsakanin jirage guda biyu masu layi daya tare da nisa na 0.1mm da tsari mai ma'ana dangane da jirgin cibiyar tunani (0.05mm sama da ƙasa)
Matsayi	3			Dole ne a kasance da gatari na ramukan Φd guda huɗu a bi da bi a cikin filaye huɗu na cylindrical tare da diamita na Φt da madaidaicin matsayi a matsayin axis. 4 ramuka rukuni ne na ramuka waɗanda gatari mafi kyau ya zama firam ɗin geometric. Matsayin firam ɗin lissafi akan ɓangaren an ƙaddara ta hanyar madaidaitan ma'auni na ka'ida dangane da datums A, B, da C.
Matsayi	4			Dole ne a yi amfani da gatari na ramukan 4 Φd a cikin 4 cylindrical saman tare da diamita na Φ0.05mm da matsayi mai kyau a matsayin axis. Za a iya fassara ma'auni na geometric na rukunin 4-rami, juyawa da karkatar da sama da ƙasa, hagu da dama a cikin yankin haƙuri (± ΔL1 da ± ΔL2) na girman matsayi (L1 da L2).

Misalin Haƙurin Gudu

Aikin	Serial number	Zane annotation	Yankin haƙuri	Bayani
Radial madauwari runout	1			(A cikin kowane jirgin ma'aunin ma'auni daidai gwargwado zuwa ga ma'aunin tunani, da'irori biyu masu ma'ana waɗanda bambancin radius akan axis shine juriya na 0.05mm) Lokacin da Φd cylindrical surface ya juya a kusa da ma'aunin tunani ba tare da motsi na axial ba, radial runout a cikin kowane jirgin ma'auni (bambanci tsakanin matsakaici da ƙananan karatun da aka auna ta mai nuna alama) ba zai zama mafi girma fiye da 0.05mm ba.
Ƙarshen gudu	2			(Sylindrical surface tare da nisa na 0.05mm tare da generatrix shugabanci a kan auna cylindrical surface a kowane diamita matsayi coaxial tare da datum axis) Lokacin da ɓangaren da aka auna ya juya a kusa da axis ba tare da motsi na axial ba, da axial runout a kowane ma'auni diamita dr (0).
Oblique madauwari runout	3			(Conical surface tare da nisa na 0.05 tare da shugabanci na generatrix a kan kowane ma'auni conical surface cewa shi ne coaxial tare da tunani axis kuma wanda generatrix ne perpendicular zuwa saman da za a auna) Lokacin da conical surface ya juya a kusa da tunani axis ba tare da axial motsi, da runout a kan kowane ma'auni na conical surface kada ya wuce 0.05mm.
Radial cikakken gudu	4			(Filaye biyu na coaxial cylindrical tare da bambancin radius na 0.05mm da coaxial tare da axis) Fuskar Φd tana jujjuya ci gaba a kusa da gadar tunani ba tare da motsin axial ba, yayin da mai nuna alama yana tafiya daidai da alkiblar axis. Gudun gudu a kan gabaɗayan Φd farfajiyar kada ya wuce 0.05mm
Cikakken gudu	5			( Jirage biyu masu layi ɗaya daidai gwargwado ga axis tare da juriya na 0.03mm) Sashin da aka auna yana ci gaba da jujjuyawa ba tare da motsi na axial a kusa da ma'aunin tunani ba, kuma a lokaci guda, mai nuna alama yana motsawa tare da jagorancin axis na tsaye na farfajiyar, kuma runout a kan dukkanin ƙarshen ƙarshen bazai zama mafi girma fiye da 0.03mm ba.

   Anebon suna da mafi yawan kayan aikin samarwa, ƙwararrun injiniyoyi da ƙwararrun injiniyoyi da ma'aikata, ingantaccen tsarin kula da inganci da ƙungiyar ƙwararrun tallace-tallacen abokantaka kafin / bayan-tallace-tallace don tallafin China wholesale OEM Plastic ABS / PA / POM CNC Lathe CNC Milling 4 Axis / 5 Axis CNC machining sassa,CNC juya sassa. A halin yanzu, Anebon yana neman gaba don haɓaka haɗin gwiwa tare da abokan cinikin waje bisa ga ribar juna. Da fatan za a fuskanci kyauta don tuntuɓar mu don ƙarin bayani.

2022 Babban ingancin Sin CNC da Machining, Tare da ƙungiyar ƙwararrun ma'aikata da ƙwararrun ma'aikata, Kasuwar Anebon ta rufe Kudancin Amurka, Amurka, Gabas ta Tsakiya, da Arewacin Afirka. Yawancin abokan ciniki sun zama abokan Anebon bayan kyakkyawar haɗin gwiwa tare da Anebon. Idan kuna da buƙatun kowane samfuranmu, ku tuna tuntuɓar mu yanzu. Anebon zai sa ido a ji daga gare ku nan ba da jimawa ba.