Igwe a na-arụ ọrụ maka ndụ niile, kedu ihe 4.4 na 8.8 na bolt pụtara?

Mgbe ị rụsịrị ọrụ dị ka igwe ruo ọtụtụ afọ, ị gaghị ama ihe akara ndị dị na skru pụtara, nri?

The arụmọrụ akara ule nke bolts maka ígwè Ọdịdị njikọ na-ekewa n'ime ihe karịrị iri akara ule, dị ka 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, 12.9, wdg N'etiti ha, na ọkwa 8.8 na n'elu bolts na-mere. nke obere carbon alloy ma ọ bụ ọkara-carbon ígwè ma na-ekpo ọkụ na-emeso (quenching, tempering), nke a na-akpọkarị bolts dị elu; ndị ọzọ ka a na-akpọkarị bolts nkịtị. Akara ọkwa arụmọrụ bolt nwere ọnụọgụ abụọ, na-anọchi anya uru ike tensile ọnụ na oke mkpụrụ nke ihe bolt, otu n'otu.Egg:
Bolts nke klas 4.6 pụtara:
The nominal tensile ike nke bolt ihe ruru 400MPa;
Ọnụ ego nke ihe mkpuchi bụ 0,6;
Ike ntinye aha nke ihe mkpuchi bụ 400 × 0.6 = 240MPa.
Performance larịị 10.9 elu-ike bolts, mgbe okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ, nwere ike nweta:
The nominal tensile ike nke bolt ihe ruru 1000MPa;
Ọnụ ego nke ihe mkpuchi bụ 0,9;
Ike ntinye aha nke ihe mkpuchi bụ 1000 × 0.9 = 900MPa.

Ihe akara ngosi bolt pụtara bụ ọkọlọtọ mba ụwa. N'agbanyeghị ọdịiche dị na ihe onwunwe na mmalite, bolts nke otu ọkwa arụmọrụ nwere otu arụmọrụ, na naanị ọkwa arụmọrụ nwere ike ịhọrọ na nhazi ahụ.
Ihe a na-akpọ 8.8 na 10.9 ike akara ule pụtara na nguzogide nrụgide nke bolt bụ 8.8GPa na 10.9GPa
8.8 Ike tensile ọnụ ọnụ 800N/MM2 Ike mkpụrụ ọnụ 640N/MM2
Ihe mkpuchi izugbe na-eji "XY" egosi ike, X * 100 = ike ike nke bolt a, X * 100 * (Y / 10) = ike ike nke bolt a (n'ihi na dịka iwu siri dị: nye ike / ike ike = Y). /10)
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ọkwa 4.8, ike nkwụsị nke bolt a bụ 400MPa; ike mkpụrụ bụ 400*8/10=320MPa.
Ọzọ: igwe anaghị agba nchara na-ejikarị akara dị ka A4-70 na A2-70; a kọwara ihe ọ pụtara ma ọ bụghị.
tụọ
E nwere ihe abụọ etiti nkeji nke ogologo nha n'ụwa taa: otu bụ metric usoro, na unit nke nha mita (m), centimeters (cm), millimeters (mm), wdg The ụdị bụ alaeze ukwu usoro, na ndị ọzọ. unit nke nha bụ tumadi inch, nke dakọrọ na ahịa inch nke ochie usoro na obodo m. A na-eji ya eme ihe na United States, Britain, na mba Europe na America ndị ọzọ.
Ntụ metric: (ngụkọ) 1m = 100 cm = 1000 mm
Ntụle ala eze: (usoro 8) 1 inch = 8 cents 1 inch = 25.4 mm 3/8 × 25.4 = 9.52
Ngwaahịa dị n'okpuru 1/4 na-eji nọmba serial iji gosi dayameta ọkpụkpọ ha, dị ka: 4#, ise #, isii #, asaa #, asatọ #, iri #, 12#

eri
Eriri bụ udi nke nwere otu protrusions helical dị n'akụkụ obe nke elu elu ma ọ bụ n'ime siri ike. Dabere na njirimara nhazi ya na ojiji ya, enwere ike kewaa ya ụzọ atọ:
Eriri nkịtị: Ụdị nha nha bụ triangular ma ejiri ya jikọọ ma ọ bụ kechie akụkụ. A na-ekewa eriri nkịtị ụzọ abụọ: eri na-adịghị ahụkebe na eriri dị mma, dị ka pitch, na ike njikọ nke eriri ọma dị elu.
Eriri nnyefe: E nwere trapezoidal, rectangular, saw-shaped,d, na triangular eze shapes.
Eriri akara: eji eme njikọ akara, tumadi eriri ọkpọkọ, eri a kpụrụ akpụ na eriri ọkpọkọ.
Hazie site na udi:

Klas dabara adaba

The eri dabara bụ rụrụ ma ọ bụ ike size n'etiti screwed eri, na larịị nke dabara bụ kpọmkwem Nchikota deviations na ndidi na-eme na esịtidem na mpụga eri.
1. Maka eriri inch jikọtara ọnụ, enwere akara ule atọ maka eriri mpụga: 1A, 2A, na 3A, na atọ maka eriri ime: 1B, 2B na 3B, ha niile dabara adaba. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọkwa dị elu, nke ahụ na-esiwanye ike. N'ime eriri inch, a na-akọwapụta ọdịiche ahụ naanị maka akara ule 1A na 2A, ngbanwe nke ọkwa 3A bụ efu, yana akara ọkwa 1A na 2A nhata. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọkwa buru ibu, nke nta nke ntachi obi.
Klas 1A na 1B, klaasị nnabata na-atọ ụtọ nke ukwuu, nke dabara maka nnabata nke eriri ime na nke mpụga.
Akara ule 2A na 2B bụ akara ule nnabata eri kacha akọwapụta maka ngwa nrụnye usoro inch.
Akara 3A na 3B, ejikọtara ọnụ ka ọ bụrụ nke kachasi ike, dabara adaba maka ihe nkedo nnabata siri ike ma jiri ya mee ihe n'ụdị nchekwa dị oke egwu.
Maka eriri mpụga, akara ule 1A na 2A nwere nnabata dabara adaba; grade 3A adịghị. Nkwenye 1A bụ 50% buru ibu karịa nnabata 2A yana 75% buru ibu karịa nnabata 3A. Maka eriri dị n'ime, nnabata 2B dị 30% buru ibu karịa nnabata 2A. Klas 1B bụ 50% buru ibu karịa Klas 2B yana 75% buru ibu karịa Klas 3 B.
2. Metric threads: nwere akara ule atọ maka eriri mpụga: 4h, h isii, na 6g, na atọ maka eriri ime: 5H, 6H, na 7H. (A na-ekewa akara ule ziri ezi ọkọlọtọ Japanese na akara ule atọ: I, II, na III, na-abụkarị ọkwa II.) N'ime eriri metric, isi ngbanwe nke H na h bụ efu. Ntughari isi nke G dị mma, na mgbagha bụ isi nke e, f, na g adịghị mma.
H bụ mpaghara nnabata a na-ahụkarị maka eriri dị n'ime ma anaghị ejikarị ya dị ka mkpuchi elu ma ọ bụ oyi akwa phosphating. A na-eji mgbagha mbụ nke ọnọdụ G mee ihe maka oge pụrụ iche, dị ka mkpuchi siri ike, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe.
g na-ejikarị akwa mkpuchi dị mkpa nke 6-9um. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, eserese ngwaahịa ahụ chọrọ bolt isii h, na eri tupu etinye ya na-eji mpaghara ndidi 6g.
A na-ejikọta eriri ahụ nke ọma ka ọ bụrụ H/g, H/h, ma ọ bụ G/h. Maka eriri eriri a nụchara anụcha dị ka bolts na mkpụrụ, ọkọlọtọ na-atụ aro ka ọ dabara nke 6H/6g.
3. Akara akara
Isi geometric parampat nke ntinye aka na eriri nke onwe
1. Nnukwu dayameta / eze dị n'èzí (d1): Ọ bụ dayameta cylindrical a na-eche n'echiche nke ndakọrịta nke crests eri. Dayameta izizi nke eri ahụ na-anọchite anya dayameta aha aha nha nha.
2. Obere dayameta / mgbọrọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ (d2): Dayameta nke cylinder a na-eche n'echiche bụ ebe eriri eriri na-adaba.
3. Ogologo nha nha (p): oghere axial n'etiti ezé dị n'akụkụ kwekọrọ na isi abụọ na meridian etiti. Na usoro nke alaeze ukwu, a na-egosi ọkwa ahụ site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ezé kwa inch (25.4mm).
Ndị na-esonụ na-edepụta ọkọlọtọ nkọwa nke pitch (metric) na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ezé (imperial)
1) Metric imetụ aka:
Nkọwa: S T1.5, S T1.9, S T2.2, S T2.6, S T2.9, S T3.3, S T3.5, S T3.9, S T4.2, S T4. 8, S T5.5, S T6.3, S T8.0, S T9.5
Oghere: 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 1.1, 1.3, 1.3, 1.3, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 1.8, 2.1, 2.1
2) inch ime ọtụ aka:
Nkọwapụta: 4#, 5#, 6#, 7#, 8#, 10#, 12#, 14#
Ọnụọgụ ezé: ezé AB 24, 20, 20, 19, 18, 16, 14, 14
A eze 24, 20, 18, 16, 15, 12, 11, 10