Stainless hlau yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm stainless hlau thiab acid resistant steel. Cov hlau uas tiv taus qhov tsis muaj zog corrosion xws li huab cua, chav thiab dej los yog muaj cov khoom tsis muaj zog yog hu ua stainless hlau; Cov hlau uas tiv taus tshuaj corrosion nruab nrab (acid, alkali, ntsev thiab lwm yam tshuaj etching) yog hu ua acid resistant steel.
Stainless hlau yog hais txog cov hlau uas tsis muaj zog corrosion tawm xws li cua, chav thiab dej thiab tshuaj etching xov xwm xws li acid, alkali thiab ntsev, tseem hu ua stainless acid resistant steel. Hauv kev siv cov tswv yim, steel resistant rau tsis muaj zog corrosion nruab nrab feem ntau hu ua stainless hlau, thaum hlau resistant rau tshuaj nruab nrab hu ua acid resistant steel. Vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ob, tus qub tsis tas yuav tiv taus cov tshuaj nruab nrab corrosion, thaum tom kawg yog feem ntau stainless. Kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm stainless hlau nyob ntawm cov hlau alloy muaj nyob hauv cov hlau.
Feem ntau, raws li cov qauv metallographic, cov hlau tsis zoo tib yam tau muab faib ua peb hom: austenitic stainless hlau, ferritic stainless hlau thiab martensitic stainless hlau. Raws li peb qhov yooj yim metallographic qauv, dual-theem steel, nag lossis daus hardening stainless hlau thiab siab alloy steel nrog cov ntsiab lus hlau tsawg dua 50% tau muab los rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab lub hom phiaj.
Nws muab faib ua:
Austenitic stainless hlau
Lub matrix feem ntau yog austenitic qauv (CY theem) nrog lub ntsej muag nruab nrab cubic siv lead ua qauv, uas yog nonmagnetic, thiab feem ntau ntxiv dag zog (thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau tej yam hlau nplaum) los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm txias. Lub koom haum American Hlau thiab Hlau yog qhia los ntawm 200 thiab 300 series tooj, xws li 304.
Ferritic stainless hlau
Lub matrix feem ntau yog cov qauv ferrite (theem a) nrog lub cev nruab nrab ntawm lub cubic siv lead ua qauv, uas yog sib nqus, thiab feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem hardened los ntawm kev kho cua sov, tab sis tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog me ntsis los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias. Lub koom haum American Hlau thiab Hlau yog cim 430 thiab 446.
Martensitic stainless hlau
Lub matrix yog martensitic qauv (lub cev nruab nrab cubic los yog cubic), sib nqus, thiab nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev kho cua sov. Lub koom haum American Iron thiab Steel yog qhia los ntawm cov lej 410, 420, thiab 440. Martensite muaj cov qauv austenitic ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Thaum nws txias rau chav tsev kub ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog, cov qauv austenitic tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv martensite (ie, hardened).
Austenitic ferritic (duplex) stainless hlau
Lub matrix muaj ob qho tib si austenite thiab ferrite ob-theem qauv, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm tsawg theem matrix feem ntau yog ntau tshaj 15%, uas yog sib nqus thiab tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias. 329 yog ib hom duplex stainless hlau. Piv nrog rau austenitic stainless hlau, dual-theem steel muaj zog dua, thiab nws tsis kam mus rau intergranular corrosion, chloride kev nyuaj siab corrosion thiab pitting corrosion tau zoo heev.
Precipitation hardening stainless hlau
Stainless hlau uas nws cov matrix yog austenitic los yog martensitic thiab tuaj yeem hardened los ntawm nag lossis daus hardening kho. Lub koom haum American Hlau thiab Hlau yog cim nrog 600 series tooj, xws li 630, piv txwv li 17-4PH.
Feem ntau hais lus, tshwj tsis yog rau alloy, austenitic stainless hlau muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo heev. Ferritic stainless hlau tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ib puag ncig uas tsis tshua muaj corrosion. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig nrog me ntsis corrosion, martensitic stainless hlau thiab nag lossis daus hardening stainless hlau yuav siv tau yog hais tias cov khoom yuav tsum muaj siab zog los yog hardness.
Cov yam ntxwv thiab lub hom phiaj
Kev kho saum npoo
Thickness sib txawv
1. Vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem dov ntawm steel cog machinery, lub yob yog me ntsis deformed vim cua sov, uas ua rau ib tug deviation nyob rau hauv lub thickness ntawm dov phaj. Feem ntau, nruab nrab thickness yog nyias ntawm ob sab. Thaum ntsuas lub thickness ntawm lub phaj, lub hauv paus ntawm lub phaj taub hau yuav tsum ntsuas raws li lub teb chaws txoj cai.
2. Kev kam rau siab feem ntau muab faib ua siab ntev thiab me me raws li kev ua lag luam thiab cov neeg siv khoom xav tau: piv txwv
Dab tsi ntawm stainless hlau tsis yooj yim rau xeb?
Muaj peb yam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau stainless hlau corrosion:
1. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm alloying ntsiab.
Feem ntau hais lus, hlau nrog cov ntsiab lus chromium ntawm 10.5% tsis yooj yim rau xeb. Qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus ntawm chromium thiab npib tsib xee, qhov zoo dua qhov corrosion kuj. Piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus nickel ntawm 304 cov khoom yuav tsum yog 8-10%, thiab cov ntsiab lus chromium yuav tsum yog 18-20%. Feem ntau, xws li stainless hlau yuav tsis xeb.
2. Cov txheej txheem smelting ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau corrosion kuj ntawm stainless hlau.
Loj stainless hlau nroj tsuag nrog zoo smelting technology, cov cuab yeej siv siab heev thiab cov txheej txheem siab heev tuaj yeem ua kom tswj tau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau tsis huv, tshem tawm cov impurities thiab tswj cov cua txias txias, yog li cov khoom lag luam zoo ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha, sab hauv zoo, thiab nws yog tsis yooj yim rau xeb. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, qee cov nroj tsuag me me tau rov qab rau hauv cov khoom siv thiab thev naus laus zis. Thaum lub sij hawm smelting, impurities tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, thiab cov khoom tsim tawm yuav inevitably xeb.
3. Sab nraud ib puag ncig, qhov chaw qhuav thiab qhov cua zoo tsis yooj yim rau xeb.
Txawm li cas los xij, thaj chaw uas muaj huab cua siab, huab cua tsis tu ncua, lossis pH siab hauv huab cua yog qhov ua rau xeb. 304 stainless hlau yuav xeb yog tias ib puag ncig ib puag ncig tsis zoo.
Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv xeb ntawm cov hlau stainless?
1. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj
Siv cov tshuaj ntxuav kua qaub los yog tshuaj tsuag los pab cov xeb xeb kom rov ua dua los ua cov chromium oxide zaj duab xis los kho lawv cov corrosion kuj. Tom qab ntxuav cov kua qaub, txhawm rau tshem tawm tag nrho cov kua qaub thiab cov kua qaub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom yaug nrog dej huv. Tom qab tag nrho cov kev kho mob, rov polish nrog polishing khoom thiab foob nrog polishing ciab. Rau cov neeg uas muaj xeb me ntsis hauv zos, 1: 1 roj av cav roj sib tov kuj tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm cov pob xeb nrog cov ntaub qhwv huv.
2. Mechanical method
Blast tu, tua blasting nrog iav los yog ceramic hais, immersion, txhuam thiab polishing. Nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom siv yav dhau los tshem tawm, cov ntaub ntawv polishing lossis cov khoom siv puas tsuaj los ntawm kev siv tshuab. Txhua yam kev ua qias tuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hlau txawv teb chaws, tej zaum yuav yog qhov chaw ntawm corrosion, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntub. Yog li ntawd, lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws yuav tsum zoo dua yuav tsum raug ntxuav hauv qhov chaw qhuav. Cov txheej txheem siv tshuab tsuas yog siv los ntxuav qhov chaw, thiab tsis tuaj yeem hloov qhov corrosion kuj ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom rov polish nrog cov khoom siv polishing tom qab kho tshuab thiab foob nrog polishing ciab.
Feem ntau siv stainless hlau qib thiab cov khoom
1. 304 stainless hlau. Nws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv austenitic stainless hlau nrog ntau qhov kev siv. Nws yog tsim rau kev tsim cov duab sib sib zog nqus tsim qhov chaw, cov kav dej sib txuas, cov hlab ntsha,cnc structural turninig qhov chaw, ntau yam ntsuas lub cev, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau cov khoom siv tsis muaj hlau nplaum thiab qhov kub thiab txias.
2. 304L stainless hlau. Lub ultra-low carbon austenitic stainless hlau tsim los daws qhov hnyav intergranular corrosion nyiam ntawm 304 stainless hlau tshwm sim los ntawm Cr23C6 nag lossis daus nyob rau hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, nws cov sensitized intergranular corrosion kuj zoo dua li 304 stainless hlau. Tsuas yog lub zog qis, lwm yam khoom zoo ib yam li 321 stainless hlau. Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau cov khoom siv tiv thaiv corrosion thiab qhov chaw uas xav tau vuam tab sis tsis tuaj yeem kho tau, thiab tuaj yeem siv los tsim ntau lub cev ntsuas.
3. 304H stainless hlau. Rau cov ceg sab hauv ntawm 304 stainless hlau, cov pa roj carbon ntau feem yog 0.04% - 0.10%, thiab qhov kub siab ua haujlwm zoo dua rau 304 stainless hlau.
4. 316 stainless hlau. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm molybdenum ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm 10Cr18Ni12 steel ua rau cov hlau muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo los txo qhov nruab nrab thiab pitting corrosion. Hauv dej hiav txwv thiab lwm yam xov xwm, qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion yog superior rau 304 stainless hlau, feem ntau yog siv rau pitting corrosion resistant cov ntaub ntawv.
5. 316L stainless hlau. Ultra low carbon steel, nrog zoo tsis kam mus rau sensitized intergranular corrosion, yog tsim rau manufacturing tuab seem me me vuam qhov chaw thiab cov khoom, xws li cov ntaub ntawv los tiv thaiv corrosion nyob rau hauv petrochemical khoom.
6. 316H stainless hlau. Rau cov ceg sab hauv ntawm 316 stainless hlau, cov pa roj carbon ntau feem yog 0.04% - 0.10%, thiab qhov kub siab ua haujlwm zoo dua li ntawm 316 stainless hlau.
7. 317 stainless hlau. Kev tiv thaiv rau pitting corrosion thiab creep yog superior rau 316L stainless hlau. Nws yog siv los tsim cov khoom siv petrochemical thiab organic acid resistant.
8.321 stainless hlau. Titanium stabilized austenitic stainless hlau tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm ultra-low carbon austenitic stainless hlau vim nws cov kev txhim kho intergranular corrosion kuj thiab zoo kub kub txhua yam khoom. Tsuas yog rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb xws li kub siab lossis hydrogen corrosion kuj, feem ntau tsis pom zoo siv.
9.347 stainless hlau. Niobium stabilized austenitic stainless hlau. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm niobium txhim kho cov intergranular corrosion kuj. Nws corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv acid, alkali, ntsev thiab lwm yam corrosive media yog tib yam li 321 stainless hlau. Nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo vuam, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua ob qho tib si corrosion resistant khoom thiab kub resistant steel. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv thermal hwj chim thiab petrochemical teb, xws li ua cov hlab ntsha, kav dej, tshav kub exchangers, shafts, furnace tubes nyob rau hauv industrial furnaces, thiab cube thermometers.
10. 904L stainless hlau. Super tiav austenitic stainless hlau yog super austenitic stainless hlau tsim los ntawm OUTOKUMPU Lub Tuam Txhab ntawm Finland. Nws cov nickel pawg feem ntau yog 24% - 26%, thiab cov pa roj carbon ntau yog tsawg dua 0.02%. Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo heev. Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo corrosion nyob rau hauv cov tsis oxidizing acids xws li sulfuric acid, acetic acid, formic acid thiab phosphoric acid, nrog rau zoo tsis kam mus crevice corrosion thiab kev nyuaj siab corrosion. Nws muaj feem xyuam rau ntau qhov ntau ntawm sulfuric acid hauv qab 70 ℃, thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau acetic acid ntawm txhua qhov concentration thiab kub nyob rau hauv lub siab ib txwm muaj thiab sib xyaw acid ntawm formic acid thiab acetic acid. Tus qauv qub ASMESB-625 tau muab faib ua npib tsib xee puag alloy, thiab tus qauv tshiab tau faib nws li stainless hlau. Nyob rau hauv Suav teb, tsuas muaj ib hom zoo sib xws ntawm 015Cr19Ni26Mo5Cu2 steel. Ob peb European cov tuam txhab lag luam siv 904L stainless hlau ua cov khoom tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, lub ntsuas raj ntawm E + H loj flowmeter siv 904L stainless hlau, thiab rooj plaub ntawm Rolex watches kuj siv 904L stainless hlau.
11. 440C stainless hlau. Lub hardness ntawm martensitic stainless hlau, hardenable stainless hlau thiab stainless hlau yog siab tshaj, thiab hardness yog HRC57. Nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua nozzles, bearings, valve cores, valve rooj, tes tsho, valve stems,cnc machining qhov chawlwm.
12. 17-4PH stainless hlau. Martensitic nag lossis daus hardening stainless hlau, nrog hardness ntawm HRC44, muaj lub zog siab, hardness thiab corrosion kuj, thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 300 ℃. Nws muaj zoo corrosion kuj rau cua thiab diluted acid los yog ntsev. Nws cov corrosion kuj yog tib yam li 304 stainless hlau thiab 430 stainless hlau. Nws yog siv los tsim cov platforms offshore, turbine blades, valve cores, valve rooj, tes tsho, valve stems, thiab lwm yam.
13. 300 Series - Chromium Nickel Austenitic Stainless Hlau
301 - Zoo ductility, siv rau molding khoom. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua kom tawv sai heev los ntawm kev siv tshuab ua haujlwm, nrog zoo weldability. Qhov hnav tsis kam thiab qaug zog yog superior rau 304 stainless hlau. 301 stainless hlau qhia pom tseeb ua hauj lwm hardening thaum lub sij hawm deformation, thiab yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau zaus uas yuav tsum tau muaj zog.
302 - Qhov tseem ceeb, nws yog ntau yam ntawm 304 stainless hlau nrog cov ntsiab lus carbon ntau dua, uas tuaj yeem tau txais lub zog ntau dua los ntawm kev sib tw txias.
302B - yog cov hlau tsis muaj hlau nrog cov ntsiab lus silicon siab, uas muaj kev tiv thaiv siab kub oxidation.
303 thiab 303Se yog dawb txiav stainless hlau uas muaj leej faj thiab selenium feem, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm uas dawb txiav thiab siab gloss yog tsuas yog yuav tsum tau. 303Se stainless hlau kuj tseem siv los ua cov khoom siv tshuab uas xav tau kev kub ntxhov, vim tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov hlau tsis zoo no muaj kev ua haujlwm kub kub.
304N - stainless hlau uas muaj nitrogen. Nitrogen yog ntxiv los txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov hlau.
305 thiab 384 - Stainless hlau muaj cov npib tsib xee siab, thiab nws qhov kev ua haujlwm hardening tsawg, uas yog tsim rau ntau lub sijhawm uas yuav tsum tau ua kom txias txias.
308 - Rau kev ua vuam pas nrig.
Cov nickel thiab chromium cov ntsiab lus ntawm 309, 310, 314 thiab 330 stainless hlau yog qhov siab heev los txhim kho oxidation tsis kam thiab creep lub zog ntawm cov hlau thaum kub kub. Thaum 30S5 thiab 310S yog txawv ntawm 309 thiab 310 stainless hlau, qhov sib txawv yog tias cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg, thiaj li txo qis cov carbide precipitated nyob ze ntawm lub vuam. 330 stainless hlau muaj qhov tshwj xeeb siab carburizing tsis kam thiab thermal poob siab.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-05-2022