ʻO ke kila kila he mea kaulana i hoʻohanaʻia i ka mīkini ma muli o kona ikaika, lōʻihi, a me ke kū'ē i ka corrosion. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i nā pilikia i ke kaʻina hana ma muli o kona paʻakikī a me ka paʻakikī o ka hana.
Eia kekahi mau manaʻo koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻana i ke kila kila:
Koho mea paahana:
He mea koʻikoʻi ke koho ʻana i ka mea hana pono no ka mīkini kila kila. He kūpono nā mea hana kila kiʻekiʻe no ka mīkini haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea hana carbide no ka hana kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i nā mea hana i uhi ʻia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana a me ke ola mea hana.
ʻOki wikiwiki:
Pono ke kila kila i ka wikiwiki o ka ʻoki ʻana ma mua o nā mea palupalu e pale ai i ka wela a me ka paʻakikī hana. He 100 a 350 sfm (nā kapuaʻi i hoʻokahi minuke) kahi pae wikiwiki o ka ʻoki ʻoki ʻana no ke kila kila.
Laki hānai:
Pono e ho'emi 'ia ka helu hānai no ke kila kila e pale aku i ka pa'akikī o ka hana a me ke kapa paahana. He 0.001 a i ka 0.010 iniha ka nui o ka hānai ʻai i kēlā me kēia niho.
Mea hooluolu:
Pono ka mea hoʻoluʻu kūpono no ka hana ʻana i ke kila kila. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wai ma mua o nā mea hoʻoluʻu ʻaila e pale aku ai i ka ʻili a me ka ʻino. Hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻoluʻu kiʻekiʻe i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka chip a me ke ola mea hana.
Ka mana puʻupuʻu:
SʻO ke kila kila ʻole e hoʻopuka i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a paʻakikī ke hoʻokele. Hiki ke kōkua i ka ho'ohana 'ana i nā pu'upu'u pu'upu'u a i 'ole nā pūnaewele ho'oku'u pu'upu'u.
Kila kohu ʻole ʻo ia ka pōkole o ke kila ʻakika-kūpaʻa. ʻO nā māka kila i kū ʻole i nā media corrosive nāwaliwali e like me ka ea, ka mahu, a me ka wai, a i ʻole nā ʻano kuhili ʻole i kapa ʻia he kila kila; ʻAiʻino) Ua kapa ʻia ke kila ʻakika.
ʻO ke kila kila ʻole i ke kila kūpaʻa ʻole i nā media corrosive nāwaliwali e like me ka ea, ka mahu, ka wai, a me nā mea kino kino e like me ka waikawa, ka alkali, a me ka paʻakai. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he kila ʻakika kūpaʻa. Ma nā hoʻohana pono, ua kapa pinepine ʻia ke kila kūpaʻa i ke ʻano corrosion palupalu, a ʻo ke kila kūpaʻa i ka ʻawaʻawa kemika i kapa ʻia ʻo ka acid-resistant steel. Ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o ka haku mele ʻana ma waena o nā mea ʻelua, ʻaʻole kū pono ka mea mua i ka corrosion media kemika, ʻoiai ʻo ka mea maʻamau he stainless. ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion o ke kila kila ma muli o nā mea hoʻohui i loko o ke kila.
Māhele maʻamau:
Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia i ka hui metallographic:
ʻO ka maʻamau, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kila maʻamau i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana e like me ke ʻano o ka metallographic: austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel, a me martensitic stainless steel. Ma ke kumu o kēia mau ʻano ʻekolu o nā hale metala maʻamau, nā kila duplex, nā kila kuhili ʻole paʻakikī paʻakikī, a me nā kila kila kiʻekiʻe me ka ʻiʻo hao ma lalo o 50% e loaʻa mai no nā pono a me nā kumu.
1. Austenitic kila kila.
ʻO ka matrix ka nui o ka austenite structure (CY phase) me ke alo-centered cubic crystal structure, non-magnetic, a ua hoʻoikaika nui ʻia e ka hana anu (a hiki ke alakaʻi i kekahi mau waiwai magnetic) stainless steel. Hōʻailona ʻia ka American Iron and Steel Institute me nā helu ma ka pūʻulu 200 a me 300, e like me 304.
2. Ferritic kuhiliʻole kila.
ʻO ka matrix ka nui o ka ferrite (kahi ʻāpana) me kahi ʻano aniani cubic i hoʻokumu ʻia i ke kino. ʻO ia ka magnetic a maʻamau ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻakikī ʻia e ka mālama wela, akā hiki ke hoʻoikaika iki i ka hana anu. Ua hōʻailona ʻia ka American Iron and Steel Institute me 430 a me 446.
3. Ke kila kuhiliʻole Martensitic.
ʻO ka matrix he martensitic (kubic a cubic i waena o ke kino), magnetic, a hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia kona mau waiwai me ka mālama wela. Ua hōʻailona ʻia ka American Iron and Steel Institute me nā helu 410, 420 a me 440. He hale austenite ko Martensite ma ka wela ki'eki'e, a i ka manawa e hooluolu ai i ka wela o ka lumi ma ke ana kupono, hiki ke hoololi ka austenite i martensite ('o ia ho'i, harden).
4. Austenitic-ferritic (duplex) kila kila.
Loaʻa i ka matrix ka austenite a me ka ferrite ʻelua-phase structure, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka matrix matrix ma mua o 15%. He magnetic a hiki ke hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka hana anu. ʻO 329 kahi kila kuhiliʻole duplex maʻamau. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka austenitic stainless steel, duplex steel ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, intergranular corrosion resistance, chloride stress corrosion resistance a me ka pitting corrosion resistance ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia.
5. Ua hoʻopaʻakikī ʻia ke kila kila.
ʻO ka matrix he austenite a martensite paha, a hiki ke hoʻopaʻakikī ʻia e ka ua paʻakikī ʻana i ke kila kila. Hōʻailona ʻia ka American Iron and Steel Institute me nā helu 600 series, e like me 630, ʻo ia ka 17-4PH.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, koe wale nō nā alloys, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa corrosion o austenitic stainless steel. I loko o kahi kaiapuni liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kila stainless ferritic. I loko o kahi kaiapuni haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, inā makemake ʻia ka mea i loaʻa ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kila kuhiliʻole martensitic a me ke kila paʻakikī paʻakikī.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hoʻohana:
Lapaʻau ʻili:
ʻokoʻa mānoanoa
1. No ka meacnc wili kilaAia ka mīkini i ke kaʻina ʻōwili, hoʻololi iki ʻia nā ʻōwili e ka wela, e hopena i nā ʻokoʻa o ka mānoanoa o nā papa i ʻōwili ʻia, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka waena a me ka lahilahi ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Ke ana ʻana i ka mānoanoa o ka papa, ʻōlelo ka mokuʻāina e ana ʻia ka ʻāpana waena o ke poʻo o ka papa.
2. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻomanawanui, ʻo ia ka mea e like me ka mākeke a me nā pono o ka mea kūʻai aku, ua māhele ʻia i ka hoʻomanawanui nui a me ka hoʻomanawanui liʻiliʻi: no ka laʻana
He aha ke ʻano o ke kila kila ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka ʻōpala?
ʻEkolu kumu nui e pili ana i ka ʻino okila kuhiliʻole mīkini:
1. ʻO ka maʻiʻo o nā mea hoʻohui.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka pala ke kila me ka chromium content o 10.5%. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka chromium a me ka nickel, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka ʻike o ka nickel i 304 mea pono he 8-10%, a ʻo ka ʻike o ka chromium e hiki i 18-20%. ʻAʻole e ʻōpala kēlā ʻano kila kila ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau.
2. ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ʻoihana hana e hoʻopili i ka pale ʻana o ke kila kila.
ʻO nā hale hana kila kila nui me ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi, nā mea hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe hikie hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui, ka wehe ʻana i nā haumia, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana hoʻoluʻu billet. No laila, paʻa a hilinaʻi ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, me ka maikaʻi o loko a ʻaʻole maʻalahi i ka pala. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo kekahi mau wili kila liʻiliʻi he lako hope a me ka ʻenehana hope. I ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā mea haumia, a ʻo nā huahana i hana ʻia e ʻeleʻele.
3. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka ʻōpala o waho, maloʻo a maikaʻi hoʻi.
He kiʻekiʻe ka haʻahaʻa o ka ea, ka ua mau ʻana, a i ʻole ka wahi kaiapuni me ka pH kiʻekiʻe i ka lewa e maʻalahi ka pala. 304 kila kila, inā ʻino loa ke kaiapuni a puni, e ʻōpala.
Pehea e hana ai i nā kiko ʻeleʻele ma ke kila kila?
1. Keʻano kemika
E hoʻohana i ka ʻaila ʻaila a i ʻole ka pulupulu e kōkua i ka passivation hou o nā ʻāpana ʻōpala e hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni chromium oxide e hoʻihoʻi i ke kūpaʻa ʻino. Ma hope o ka pickling, i mea e wehe ai i nā mea haumia a me nā koena waikawa, he mea nui e holoi pono me ka wai maʻemaʻe. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a pau, hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻia me nā mea hana polishing a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka wax polishing. No ka poʻe me nā wahi ʻōpala liʻiliʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka hui ʻana o 1:1 o ka ʻaila a me ka ʻaila e holoi ai i nā wahi ʻōpala me kahi lole maʻemaʻe.
2. Mechanical ala
ʻO ka puhi ʻana i ke one, ka puhi ʻana i ka pana me ke aniani a i ʻole nā ʻāpana seramika, ka hoʻopau ʻana, ka palaki ʻana a me ka poli. Hiki ke holoi maʻalahi i nā mea ʻino mai nā mea i wehe mua ʻia, nā mea polishing a i ʻole nā mea hoʻopau. ʻO nā ʻano ʻino a pau, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana hao haole, hiki ke lilo i kumu o ka ʻino, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa. No laila, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia nā ʻili i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana maloʻo. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana mechanical hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe wale i ka ʻili, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kūpaʻa corrosion o ka mea ponoʻī. No laila, ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻia me nā mea hana polishing ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka mīkini a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka wax polishing.
Nā māka kila kila a me nā waiwai i hoʻohana mau ʻia i nā mea kani
1. 304cnc kila kila. ʻO ia kekahi o nā kila kila austenitic i hoʻohana nui ʻia. He kūpono ia no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana hohonu a me nā pipeline acid, nā ipu, nā ʻāpana hana, a me nā kino mea kani. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana ʻole-magnetic, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me kahi hapa.
2. 304L kila kila. I mea e hoʻoponopono ai i ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi intergranular corrosion o 304 stainless steel ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana ma muli o ka ua o Cr23C6, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka ultra-low carbon austenitic stainless steel, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona kūpaʻa ʻana i ka intergranular corrosion i loko o ka mokuʻāina sensitized. 304 kila kila. Ma waho aʻe o ka ikaika haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ua like nā waiwai ʻē aʻe me 321 stainless steel. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no nā lako pale corrosion apololei i huli ʻia nā ʻāpanaʻAʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hopena paʻa ma hope o ka wili. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā kino mea kani, etc.
3. 304H kila kuhiliʻole. ʻO ka lālā i loko o ka 304 stainless steel he hapa kalapona o 0.04% -0.10%, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna hana wela ma mua o ka 304 stainless steel.
4. 316 kila kila. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka molybdenum ma ke kumu o ke kila 10Cr18Ni12 e hoʻoikaika maikaʻi ai ke kila i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka waena a me ka pitting corrosion resistance. I loko o ka wai kai a me nā ʻano media ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion ma mua o 304 stainless steel, a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka pitting corrosion resistant material.
5. 316L kila kila. ʻO ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi ʻana i ka sensitized intergranular corrosion, kūpono ia no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana welded a me nā mea hana me nā ʻāpana cross-sectional mānoanoa, e like me nā mea corrosion-resistant i nā lako petrochemical.
6. 316H kila kuhiliʻole. ʻO ka lālā i loko o ka 316 stainless steel he hapa kalapona o 0.04% -0.10%, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna hana wela ma mua o ka 316 stainless steel.
7. 317 kila kila. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pitting corrosion resistance a me ka creep resistance ma mua o ka 316L stainless steel, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe petrochemical a me nā mea hoʻonaninani.
8. 321 kila kila. Titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel, hoʻohui i ka titanium e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka intergranular corrosion kū'ē, a loaʻa ka maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe-mehana mechanical waiwai, hiki ke pani ʻia e ka ultra-low carbon austenitic stainless steel. Ma waho aʻe o nā hanana kūikawā e like me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole hydrogen corrosion resistance, ʻaʻole ia e ʻōlelo ʻia no ka hoʻohana maʻamau.
9. 347 kila kila. ʻO Niobium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel, hoʻohui i ka niobium e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa intergranular corrosion, corrosion resistance i loko o ka waikawa, alkali, paʻakai a me nā mea ʻē aʻe corrosive e like me 321 stainless steel, maikaʻi kuʻihao hana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka corrosion-resistant material a me Hot steel Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka mana wela a me nā māla petrochemical, e like me ka hana ʻana i nā ipu, nā paipu, nā mea hoʻololi wela, nā shafts, nā puʻupuʻu umu i loko o nā umu ʻoihana, a me nā thermometers umu.
10. 904L kila kila. ʻO ke kila kila austenitic piha loa he kila kila austenitic super i haku ʻia e Outokumpu Company o Finland. He 24% -26% kona hakina nickel, he emi iho ka hakina kalapona ma mua o 0.02%, a he ku'eku'e maikai loa. , loaʻa i ka corrosion maikaʻi i loko o ka non-oxidizing acids e like me sulfuric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, phosphoric acid, a loaʻa iā ia ka pale corrosion crevice maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion koʻikoʻi. He kūpono ia no ka sulfuric acid o nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole ma lalo o 70 ° C, a he kūpaʻa maikaʻi ka corrosion i loko o ka acetic acid o kēlā me kēia ʻano a me ka mahana ma lalo o ke kaomi maʻamau a me ka ʻakika hui ʻia o ka waikawa formic a me ka waikawa acetic. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau ASMESB-625 i hoʻokaʻawale iā ia ma ke ʻano he nickel-based alloy, a ʻo ka maʻamau hou i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia me ke kila kila. ʻO Kina wale nō ka helu like o 015Cr19Ni26Mo5Cu2 kila, a hoʻohana kekahi mau mea hana ʻEulopa i ka 904L stainless steel e like me ke kī. No ka laʻana, ua hana ʻia ka paipu ana o ka mika kahe nui o E+H i ke kila kila 904L, a ʻo ka hihia o nā wati Rolex i hana ʻia me 904L stainless steel.
11. 440C kila kila. ʻO ke kila kila ʻole Martensitic ka ʻoi loa o ka paʻakikī ma waena o ke kila kila a me ke kila kila, me ka paʻakikī o HRC57. Hoʻohana nui ʻia e hana i nā nozzles, bearings, valve cores, valve seats, sleeves, valve stems, etc.
12. 17-4PH kila kuhiliʻole. Martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel, me ka paʻakikī o HRC44, he kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika, ka paʻakikī a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā mahana i ʻoi aku ma mua o 300 ° C. Loaʻa iā ia ka pale corrosion maikaʻi i ka lewa a me ka waikawa diluted a i ʻole ka paʻakai. Ua like kona pale ʻana i ka corrosion me ka 304 stainless steel a me 430 stainless steel. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka hana ʻana i nā paepae o waho, nā ʻili turbine, nā core valve, nā noho valve, nā lima lima, a me nā ʻōpala valve. kali.
Ma ke kahua o ka mea kani, i hui pū ʻia me ka versatility a me nā pilikia kumu kūʻai, ʻo ke kaʻina koho o ke kila kila austenitic maʻamau ʻo 304-304L-316-316L-317-321-347-904L ke kila kila, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia ʻo 317, 321 ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻia. , a hoʻohana ʻia ʻo 347 Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, ʻo 904L wale nō ka mea paʻamau no kekahi mau ʻāpana o nā mea hana pākahi, a ʻaʻole i koho ikaika ʻia ʻo 904L i ka hoʻolālā.
I ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ke koho ʻana i nā mea kani, aia nā manawa maʻamau i ʻokoʻa ka mea o ka mea kani mai ka paipu, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kūlana wela. Pono e uku nui ʻia ke koho ʻana o nā mea mea kani i ka mahana hoʻolālā a me ke kaomi hoʻolālā ʻana o ka mīkini kaʻina hana a i ʻole pipeline, e like me ka pipeline He kila chrome-molybdenum kiʻekiʻe, a ua hana ʻia ka mea kani i ke kila kila. I kēia manawa, hiki mai nā pilikia. Pono e nīnau i ke ana wela a me ke kaomi o ka mea pili.
I ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ke koho ʻana i nā mea kani, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā kila kila o nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole, ka series, a me nā māka. I ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā pilikia mai nā kihi he nui e like me ka media kaʻina kikoʻī, ka mahana, ke kaomi, nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi, ka corrosion, a me ke kumukūʻai.
E hoʻomau i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana, e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana e like me nā koi maʻamau o ka mākeke a me nā mea kūʻai aku. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana hōʻoia maikaʻi ʻo Anebon no High Quality 2022 Hot Sales Plastic POM ABS Accessories Drilling CNC Machining Turning Part Service, Trust Anebon a e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā mea hou aku. E ʻoluʻolu e ʻoluʻolu e hoʻokaʻaʻike mai iā mākou no nā kikoʻī hou aku, hōʻoia ʻo Anebon iā ʻoe i kā mākou nānā maikaʻi loa i nā manawa āpau.
ʻO nā ʻāpana kaʻa kiʻekiʻe, nā ʻāpana wili a me nā ʻāpana kila i hana ʻia ma Kina Anebon. Ua loaʻa i nā huahana o Anebon ka mahalo nui ʻia mai nā mea kūʻai aku o nā ʻāina ʻē, a ua hoʻokumu i ka pilina lōʻihi a me ka launa pū me lākou. Hāʻawi ʻo Anebon i ka lawelawe maikaʻi loa no kēlā me kēia mea kūʻai aku a hoʻokipa maikaʻi i nā hoaaloha e hana pū me Anebon a hoʻokumu i ka pōmaikaʻi like.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-21-2023